‘Pap smear’ tih hi i hre ngai em? A nih loh leh, i kawr-ah hnah te tak te a awm tih i hre tawh em, chu chu doctor-in a sample te tak te chu needle tha tak hmangin a la a, ‘test’ turin a thawn ta em ni? Chu chu vawiinah kan sawi dawn a, chu chu cytology an ti a ni. A hmasa berah chuan thil tenawm tak angin lang mah se, hei hi test hlu tak a ni a, kan taksaa natna awmte hriat hmasak ber a ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila.
A awlsam zawngin Cytology hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, cytology chu kan taksa chhunga cell awmte microscope hmanga en a, natna hriat theihna a ni. Detective nih ang mai a ni. Specialist, pathologist tia koh chuan i taksa atanga tui emaw tissue emaw sample tlemte tak takah cell te chu a enfiah thin.
Heng cell-a inthlak danglamna pangngai lo awm apiang a zawng ber a ni. Heng inthlak danglamna te hi cancer chhinchhiahna a ni thei . A nih loh leh precancerous condition cancer lo ni thei an ni thei bawk . Chu mai ni lovin, he test hi bacteria, parasite, fungi, virus ang chi natna hrik hmuhchhuahna atan pawh hman a ni.
Engvangin nge doctor hian hetiang test hi a order ang?
I doctor hian cytology test neih a rawt theih chhan lian tak tak a awm.
- Cancer screening leh diagnostic test angin: He test hian cancer chi thenkhat chu a lan chhuah hmain a hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni. Lump emaw abnormality emaw chu cancer a nih leh nih loh finfiah a pawimawh bawk.
- Natna hrik kai hriat nan: Hei hi taksa chhung hmun dangah eng microorganism nge natna thlen tih hriat nan hman a ni.
- Inflammatory conditions hriat theih nan: He test hian taksaa inflammatory condition thenkhat, sarcoidosis te hriat theihna a pui bawk.
Heng cell te hi test dan hrang hrang te chu engte nge ni?
Heng cytology test te hi chi thum ah then theih a ni a, chu chu doctor in i hnen atanga cell sample a lak dan a zirin a ni. Hei hi hriatthiam theih nan a awlsam zawngin han thlir ila.
| Test chi hrang hrang | Cell hmuh dan tur | Entirnan |
|---|---|---|
| Exfoliative Cytology hmanga thil tih chhuah (Exfoliative Cytology) a ni | Taksain a pianphung atanga a chhuah emaw, a chhuah emaw cell enfiah. Chungte chu taksa tuiah a awm a. | - Urine cytology chungchang - Phlegm (Phlegm) a awm - Mit, vagina, emaw hnute atanga tui chhuak - Thluak leh ruhro chhunga cerebrospinal fluid - Lung, thinlung, emaw pum chhunga tui awm |
| Abrasive Cytology hmanga enkawl a ni | Cell te hi device hmangin an scrape emaw wipe emaw thin. A châng chuan, cell te chu tui hmangin an silfai thin. | - Pap smear: Hei hi cervical smear chi khat a ni ber. - Bronchoscopy neih laiin: Thlawhna kawng emaw lung atanga cell te silfai emaw brush emaw. - Endoscopy neih laiin: Esophagus leh stomach ang chi hmun atanga cell lak. - Vun cells te chu blisters emaw hliam emaw atanga scraping. |
| Intervention / Aspiration Cytology (FNA) hmanga thil tih dan tur (Aspiration Cytology) te hi a hlawhtling hle. | Needle na tak tak hmanga vun tihchhiat leh lump emaw tumor emaw atanga fluid awmna cell te lakchhuah. Hei hi Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) an ti a. | - Kawng leh kawr chhungah lymph node lian tak tak a awm - Thyroid nodules a awm - Hnute hnim hring - Salivary mass awm zat |
Engtin nge cell test hi tih a nih?
Okay, tunah chuan he process zawng zawng hi engtin nge a kal tih i en ang. Hemi atan hian step engemaw zat a awm.
1. Sample lak: A hmasa berin i doctor chuan i taksa atanga cell sample lak dan tur dik tak (scraping, washing, emaw aspiration with a needle ang chi) hmangin a la ang.
2. Lab-a thawn: A dawtah chuan he sample hi glass slide-ah hnawih emaw, bottle te tak teah dahin lab-ah thawn a ni.
3. Sample buatsaih dan: 1.1 .Lab-ah chuan cytopreparatory technologist chuan sample chu test turin a buatsaih a. Hetah hian cell te hmuh theih zawk nan dye hrang hrang an hnawih thin. Hei hi ‘staining’ an ti a.
4. Microscopic examination: Tunah chuan a pawimawh ber a lo thleng ta. Cytologist leh pathologist te chuan he sample buatsaih hi microscope hmangin an en a. Cell awm dan te, an lian leh te, cell inzawmkhawm dan te, nucleus awm dan te leh thil dang tam tak an enfiah thin. Thil danglam danglam tak emaw, hrik kai theihna microorganism awmna emaw an zawng thin.
5. Report buatsaih: A tawp berah chuan pathologist chuan a thil hmuh leh a diagnosis te pawh telin report kimchang a siam thin. He report hi i doctor-in a dawn chu a ni.
Test hma leh test zawhah eng nge thleng?
A tam zawkah chuan cytology test atan hian inbuatsaihna bik a ngai lo. Mahse, test thenkhatah (entir nan, endoscopy hmanga sample lak a nih chuan) ah chuan thupek bik a ngai thei. Chuvangin test hmaa thil bik tih tur a awm leh awm loh i doctor zawt hmasa phawt a tha.
Exam zawhah i doctor-in pathologist report a dawn hunah result chungchang a sawipui ang che a, a hnua i tih tur chu a rel ang.
Cell test hian eng nge a thatna? Engtin nge biopsy nen a danglam?
Cell test hian thatna lian tham engemaw zat a nei a, a bik takin testing method dang, biopsy nena khaikhin chuan.
- Chumi atan chuan sample tlemte chauh a tawk.
- Biopsy aiin a na lo zawk .
- Taksa a invasiveness hi a hniam hle a ni .
- Complication awm theihna a tlem hle .
Cytology leh Biopsy inthlauhna: Cytology hi brick bang atanga brick tla chu la a, enfiah ang maiin ngaihtuah rawh. Kan hmuh theih awmchhun chu brick chu eng ang nge a nih tih chauh a ni. Biopsy chu bang atanga thil te tak te lak a, brick leh mortar te hi engtin nge an inzawm vek tih enfiah a ni. Chu chu cytology-ah chuan cell pakhat zel emaw, cell cluster emaw kan en tihna a ni. Biopsy-ah chuan tissue pum pui structure kan enfiah thin.
Report dawn awmzia chu eng nge ni?
I result dawn chu test chhan leh taksa peng pakhat atanga sample lakna a zirin a innghat ang. Results tlangpui chu:
| A result awmzia (nature) a ni | A awmzia awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Normal / Negative tak a ni | Cell enfiahnaah hian thil danglam emaw cancer cell emaw hmuh tur a awm lo tihna a ni. Infection hmuhchhuah a nih chuan infection a awm lo tihna a ni. |
| Thil tihfel loh / Lungawithlak lo | Hei hian sample-ah hian thutlukna chiang tak siam turin cell a tlem tihna a ni. Test hi tih nawn leh a ngai mai thei. |
| Thil pangngai lo / Positive | Chumi awmzia chu cell pangngai nen an hmel a danglam tihna a ni. Mahse hei hian cancer i vei tihna a ni hauh lo. Infection emaw, danglamna tenau dang emaw pawh a ni thei. Report-ah hian dysplasia, hyperplasia, metaplasia tih ang chi thumal te pawh a tel thei. I doctor chuan hei hi a hrilhfiah ang. |
A result a dik lo a nih chuan eng nge thleng leh ang?
A result a dik lo a nih chuan hlauthawng suh. I doctor chuan a danglamna awm dan a zirin eng nge i tih leh ang tih a rel ang. Test dang, biopsy ang chi tih a ti thei a, enkawl ṭan a rawt thei bawk. A pawimawh ber chu i doctor nen inbia a, a thupek zawm hi a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Cytology hi test awlsam tak, him leh hrehawm lo tak a ni a, taksa cell te enfiahin natna hriat theih a ni.
- Hei hi cancer leh hri kai chi hrang hrang hriat hmasakna kawngah nasa takin a pui a ni.
- Hmeichhia zinga test tam ber Pap smear pawh hi cytology test chi khat a ni.
- I test result 'abnormal' a nih chuan cancer i vei tihna a ni lo. Chuvangin lungngai suh.
- Test emaw result emaw chungchangah zawhna emaw rinhlelhna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen zalen takin sawipui rawh.
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