Nang pawhin i chau tih i hria em? Depression chungchang hi han sawi ila.

A chang chuan lungngaihna leh lungkhamna awm hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mahse, a châng chuan, he lungngaihna leh ngaihven lohna hi kar tam tak chhûng a la awm reng a nih chuan, lungngaihna pangngai aia tam a ni thei. Vawiin hian chutiang dinhmun, chu chu depression emaw, mi tam takin ``Depression`` an tih angin emaw kan sawi dawn a ni. He thupui hi mi tam tak zingah chuan a awm tak zet a, mahse sawiho tak tak erawh a ni lo.

Depression hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, depression hi i mood tichhe thei dinhmun a ni a, doctor-te'n an tih angin ``mood disorder'' a ni. Hemiah hian i lungngai reng a, i lungngai reng a, beiseina i nei lo bawk. Tûn hmaa i hlim ṭhin thilte tih chu i ngaihven tawh lo mai thei. Ngaihtuah teh, movie en duhna i nei tawh lo va, i ṭhian nen inhmu duhna i nei tawh lo va, lehkhabu chhiar duhna i nei tawh lo. Chu mai ni lovin, i ngaihtuahna te, thil hriat reng dan te, i ei dan te, zan lama i mut dan te pawh nasa takin a nghawng thei a ni.

Nun chhung hun harsa tak tak, hna i hloh lai te, i hmangaih tak tak i chan lai te, harsatna lian tak i tawh lai te pawhin lungngaihna leh lungngaihna i neih hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mihring nihphung a ni. Mahse depression hi thil danglam tak a ni. Kar hnih tal lungngaihna awm reng a ni a, a lan chhuah dan dang tam tak a awm bawk.

Depression chi hrang hrang a awm a. Keini doctor-te chuan ``Clinical depression'' emaw ``major depressive disorder (MDD)'' emaw kan ti a, chu chu ''depression'' tia sawi a ni fo. Hei hi khawtlang nunah lungngaihna chi khat na ber leh awm tam ber a ni.

A pawimawh ber chu enkawl loh chuan lungngaihna a zual thei a, rei tak a daih thei a, i nunah nghawng lian tak a nei thei bawk. Thil na tak ṭhenkhatah chuan, mahni intihchhiat emaw, i nun tihtawp emaw ngaihtuahna pawh i nei thei a ni. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu enkawl dan dik a nih chuan heng natna lan chhuah dan hi a tam zawk chu control leh enkawl theih a ni. Chuvangin hlauh tur leh zah tur a awm lo.

Depression chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

American Psychiatric Association classification (DSM-5) atanga a lan dan chuan lungngaihna hi chi hrang hrang a awm a. A bulpui berte hi han thlir ila, awlsam taka hriatthiam tum ila:

• Clinical depression / major depressive disorder (MDD): Hetah hian ni engemaw zat, kar hnih tal chu tuar theih loh khawpin lungngaihna, beiseina nei lo, hlutna nei lo i ni. Hemi rual hian mut harsatna (mut theih lohna emaw mut tam lutuk), i thil hlimawm tak takte ngaihven lohna, ei duhna lama inthlak danglamna nasa tak (pung emaw tihhniam emaw), taksa rihna inthlak danglam, hahna, leh ngaihtuahna seng harsa te ang chi symptoms i nei thei bawk. Hei hi depression nasat ber leh tlanglawn ber a ni.
• Lungngaihna nei reng (PDD): 1.1.Hei hi depression na lo emaw, kum hnih tal a awm rengna dinhmun a ni. A natna lan chhuah dan hi major depressive disorder angin a na lo hle a, mahse hun rei tak a daih avangin nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. Hei hi a hmain dysthymia an ti thin.
• Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD): Hei hi naupang tê tête hmuh theih a ni. Thinrimna nasa tak an nei fo va, thil tenawm tak takah an thinrim lo fo va, an thinrim fo bawk. Kum 10 an tlin hmain symptoms hi a intan tlangpui.
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): Hei hi hmeichhiate natna a ni. PMS symptoms pangngai bakah hian rilru lam natna khirh tak tak, thinrimna nasa tak, lungkhamna, thinrimna, emaw lungngaihna te pawh a awm bawk. Heng symptoms te hi thlasik tan atanga ni engemaw zat chhungin reh mahse, a chang chuan a nasat em avangin nitin hnathawhna a tibuai thei a ni.
• Damdawi lam thil dang avanga lungngaihna (depressive disorder): Taksa natna thenkhat chuan taksaa hormone leh chemical inthlak danglamna a thlen avangin lungngaihna a thlen thei a ni. Entirnan, hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), thinlung natna, Parkinson natna, cancer, leh natna rei tak nei te. A hnuaia dinhmun enkawl hian depression a pui fo thin.

Chu bakah, ``major depressive disorder'' chi hrang hrang a awm bawk:

• Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): Hei hi `(major depressive disorder)` chi khat a ni bawk. A bik takin hunbi thenkhatah a lang a, entirnan, khaw lum, ruahtui tlak laiin (kan ramah chuan ruahtui tlak laiin mi thenkhat a nghawng thei), chutah chuan ni eng, ruahtui tlak laiin a bo leh thin.
• Nau neih hmaa lungngaihna leh nau neih hnua lungngaihna: Naupai laia lungngaihna lo awm hi ``Prenatal depression'' an ti a, nau neih atanga kar li chhunga lungngaihna lo awm chu ``Nau neih hnua lungngaihna'' an ti a, hei hi nu tam tak natna a ni a, mahse sawi a ni lo. Doctor-te chuan an pahnih hian ``major depressive disorder (MDD) with peripartum onset'' an ti a ni.
• Atypical depression: Hetiang chi symptoms hi "typical" depression nen hian a danglam deuh hlek a ni. A danglamna ber chu thil tha a lo thlen hian, emaw, miin thil tha tak a sawi chuan, hun eng emaw chen chu mood a lo tha chho thin (mood reactivity). Mahse hlimna chu a pung lo. A lan chhuah dan dangte chu ei duhna (a bik takin carbohydrates) tan), a tul aia tam mut, taksa peng hrang hranga rit anga inhriat, midangte hnawl hlauhna (rejection sensitivity) te a ni.

Thu pawimawh tak chu:Bipolar disorder vei te hian lungngaihna hun engemaw chen an nei thei a, chubakah chuan thiltih tam tak, phurna, leh mania, a nih loh leh hypomania hun te pawh an nei thei bawk. Chuvangin enkawlna atan chuan heng natnate hi thliar hran a pawimawh hle.

Depression hian tute nge a nghawng ber?

Dik tak chuan, lungngaihna hian tu pawh a nghawng thei a ni . Naupang, tleirawl, puitling, mipa, hmeichhia leh mi zawng zawng a nghawng thei a ni. I social status, economic status, education level eng pawh ni se a pawimawh lo.

Mahse, depression i neih theihna tur risk factor thenkhat a awm. Entirnan, depression hi a hnuaia natna nei te zingah a tam zawk a ni:

• Natna, nervous system tichhe zauh zauh, Alzheimer natna leh Parkinson natna te.
• Thai.
• `Multiple sclerosis natna a awm`.
• Seizure disorder te, epilepsy ang chi te.
• Ngawt.
• Macular tihchhiatna (Macular degeneration) a ni.
• Natna rei tak (e.g., hnungzang na reng, ruh natna).

Engtiang chiahin nge depression hi a hluar?

Depression hi a takah chuan a awm fo thin. World Health Organization chhinchhiah dan chuan khawvel hmun hrang hrangah mi maktaduai tam takin lungngaihna an vei a. Zirchianna thenkhat chuan puitling paruk zinga pakhat chuan an dam chhungin engtik lai pawhin lungngaihna an tawk ang tih an sawi.

Mahse, mi tam takin an rilru lam harsatna chungchang sawi an hreh vang te, lungngaihna lanchhuahna tur damdawi lam thurawn an zawn loh vang te, leh natna hriatchhuahna an dawn loh vang te hi mithiamte chuan an ngai a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi Sri Lanka-ah hian a tam emaw a tlem emaw pawhin kan hmu thei a ni. I hriat mi pakhat emaw, i chhungte zinga mi emaw pawhin chutiang thil chu an tawng tawh mai thei a, mahse an sawi lo mai thei.

Depression symptoms te chu engte nge ni?

Depression symptoms hi a chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo thei hle. Mild atanga na tak thlengin an awm thei. Mi zawng zawng hian symptom zawng zawng hi an tawng vek dawn lo. A tlangpuiin, a hnuaia mi pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw i tawng thei a ni:

• Lungngaihna nasa tak, beiseina nei lo, engmah lo, a nih loh leh lungkhamna awm reng. Naupang tê tê leh tleirawl lungngai tak takte chuan lungngaihna aiin thinrimna, thinrimna, leh tharum thawhna an lantîr tam zâwk thei a ni.
• Hmanlai thil nuam tak tak (e.g. hobby, ṭhiante nena hun hman, music ngaihthlak) ngaihvenna emaw, nuam tihna emaw hloh .
• Thinrim awlsam, buai, dawhtheihna hloh.
• I ei tur aia tam ei emaw, ei duhna hloh vek emaw. Hei hian taksa rihna a tipung emaw, a tlahniam nghal thei bawk.
• Mut harsatna: Mut theih lohna, nilenga mut tam lutuk, emaw mut tam lutuk (hypersomnia).
• Chauhna hi chakna tlakchhamna, chau reng reng anga inhriatna a ni. Hna tlemte i thawh hnuah pawh i chau hle mai thei.
• Thil ngaihtuah harsa, thutlukna siam leh thil hriat reng harsa. I lu chu vur in a khuh ang maiin a awm thei.
• Taksa lama harsatna: Lu na, pum na, taksa ruh na, emaw, mipat hmeichhiatna lama harsatna nei lo ang chi thil, chhan chiang tak awm lo.
• Mahni inthiam lohna, hlutna nei lo anga inhriat.
• Thihna, mahni intihhlum emaw, mahni intihhlum emaw ngaihtuah fo.

Pawimawh tak: Nangmah emaw, i hriat miin emaw mahni intihhlum tumna a nei a nih chuan khawngaihin i rilruah thup suh ang che. Chak lohna chhinchhiahna a ni lo, tanpuina dilna a ni. Friends of Sri Lanka (phone number: 0112692909, 0112682535) emaw National Mental Health Helpline 1926 ah emaw call la, ngaithla turin leh tanpui turin an inpeih reng a ni. A nih loh leh damdawi in hnai ber emergency department-ah kal nghal rawh.

Depression awm chhante chu engte nge ni?

Zirchiangtute chuan lungngaihna thlentu pakhat chauh hi eng nge ni tih chiang takin an la hre lo. Mahse tunah chuan thil engemaw zat inzawmkhawmin he natna hi a thlen tih hi pawm a ni. Anni chu:

• Brain chemistry: Kan thluaka chemical awm neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, leh norepinephrine ang chi) inthlauhna hi depression thlentu lian tak a ni. Chûngte chuan kan rilru put hmang, mut leh ei duhna ang chi thilte chu a tidanglam thei a ni. Kan mood control tu switch emaw circuit emaw a malfunction ang mai a ni.
• Genetics: I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw (nu leh pa tak emaw, unau emaw, fa emaw) depression a neih chuan mi pangngai aiin i vei theihna a sang zawk. Hei hian genetic predisposition a awm thei tihna a ni. Amaherawhchu, chhungkaw history nei lo pawhin lungngaihna a lo awm thei tih hriat reng a pawimawh.
• Nun chhunga thil thleng lungkhamthlak tak tak: Depression hi thil harsa tak tak, hmangaih tak boral thut, accident na tak, mipat hmeichhiatna emaw taksa lama tihduhdahna, inthenna, hna hloh, sum leh pai lama harsatna, mahni chauha awm, khawtlang nun inhlat tak, leh puihna tlakchhamna te a\angin a lo awm thei a ni. A châng chuan harsatna tenau tak tak a lo awm khawm a, chu chuan he natna hi a thlen thei a ni.
• Damdawi lam dinhmun: Taksa natna khirh tak tak thenkhat chuan lungngaihna a thlen thei bawk. Entirnan, thyroid natna, thinlung natna, zunthlum, Parkinson natna, cancer, leh natna rei tak te. Chûng natnate nêna lo awm taksa lama harsatna te, nun dân inthlâk danglamna te, leh lungkhamna te hian lungngaihna a thlen thei a ni.
• Damdawi leh Substance hman dan:Depression hi damdawi thenkhat (e.g., thisen sang damdawi thenkhat, hormone) avanga side effect a ni thei. Tin, zu leh ruihhlo dang hman hi lungngaihna thlentu lian tak emaw, lungngaihna awmsa tizualtu emaw a ni.

Engtin nge depression hi kan hriat theih ang? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

Depression hi doctor thiam tak, rilru lam doctor emaw, psychologist emaw thiam takin a hriat theih a ni. I symptoms chungchang chipchiar takin zawhna an zawt ang che. Hei hian eng symptom nge i neih te, eng chen nge a awm tawh tih te, i nitin nun a nghawng dan te a huam a ni. Tin, i chhungkaw rilru natna chanchin te, i damdawi lam chanchin te, leh damdawi i ei lai te pawh an zawt bawk ang.

Depression i vei tih hriat chian nan chuan a chunga kan sawi ang chi panga emaw a aia tam emaw, a tlangpuiin nitin, kar hnih tal i neih a ngai a ni. Tin, a chhinchhiahnate chuan i khawtlâng, hnathawhna, a nih loh leh nun kawng pawimawh dangte chu nasa takin a tibuai tûr a ni.

I doctor chuan i depression symptoms hi taksa dinhmun dang (e.g., thyroid problem, vitamin tlakchhamna) avanga lo awm a nih leh nih loh hriat nan medical test, thisen test ang chi te pawh a ti thei bawk.

Depression hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Depression hi rilru lam natna enkawl theih tak a ni. Dik tak chuan enkawlna zawngtu mi tam tak, 80% leh 90% inkar chuan enkawlna an dawng tha hle a, an dam leh thin. Chuvangin, "Hei hi a tha ngai lovang" tih hi ngaihtuah suh.

Enkawlna kawng hrang hrang a awm a, a tam zawkah chuan heng zinga pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw inzawmkhawm hman a ni:

• Psychotherapy: Hei hi talk therapy an ti bawk. Hei hian rilru lam hriselna lama mithiam (psychologist, psychotherapist) nen i harsatna, i rilru put hmang leh i ngaihtuahna te sawipui a huam a ni. I therapist chuan rilru hrisel lo, ngaihtuahna leh nungchang hrisel lote hriatchhuah leh thlak danglam turin a pui ang che a, i harsatnate hmachhawn dan tur kawng tha zawk a zawng chhuak ang che. Psychotherapy chi hrang hrang a awm a. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) leh Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) te hi hman tlanglawn ber pahnih an ni. A châng chuan, hun rei lote chhûnga enkawlna (session tlemte) chauh a ngai ṭhin. Mi dangte tan chuan therapy hi thla tam tak emaw, kum tam tak emaw pawh a chhunzawm thei bawk.
• Damdawi: Damdawi prescription antidepressant an tih hian thluaka chemical imbalance awm lo, lungngaihna thlentu chu a siam tha thei a ni. Antidepressant chi hrang hrang (e.g., SSRI, SNRI, TCA) a awm a. I doctor chuan i tana tha ber leh side effect nei tlem ber chu a thlang ang. Heng damdawi te hian hna a thawk nghal lo va; kar engemaw zat a la ngai thei.Tin, antidepressant thenkhat hian side effect (mutthilh, luak chhuak, pum na) a nei thei bawk a, mahse hengte hi hun kal zelah a bo fo thin. An kal bo lo a nih chuan, emaw, tuar theih loh an nih chuan doctor nen inbia ang che. I damdawi ei kha titawp ngai suh la, i doctor thurawn tel lo chuan a dose pawh thlak ngai suh.
• Complementary medicine: Hengte hi khawthlang lam damdawi hmanlai nena inzawm emaw, a bakah emaw hman theih tur enkawlna a ni. Depression na lo emaw, symptoms awm reng emaw nei tan chuan acupuncture, massage, hypnosis, leh biofeedback ang chi enkawlna hian hahdamna engemaw chen a pe thei a ni. Mahse, hengte hi mainstream treatment thlakna atana hman hmain doctor nena inbiakna neih hmasak a pawimawh.
• Brain stimulation therapy: Heng enkawlnate hian lungngaihna nasa tak emaw, rilru natna (psychosis) kaihhnawih lungngaihna nei, enkawlna dang dawng tha lote chu a pui thei a ni. Entirnan, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), leh vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) te hi a ni. Hengte hi damdawi in hmuna specialist enkawlna hnuaia tih thin a ni.

Chu bâkah, in lama, i nunphung tihdanglamna tê tê hmanga, lungngaihna lan chhuahna tihziaawmna tûr leh damna kawnga ṭanpui tûra i tih theih thilte pawh a awm a:

• Exercise neih fo: Kea kal, tlan, tui chawi, zai, etc. Exercise hian thluaka chemicals a tichhuak a, chu chuan mood a tichak a ni.
• Mut tha, mut tawk (tlem lutuk lo, tam lutuk lo). Nitin hun khata mut leh harh hi tih dan phung la.
• Ei leh in hrisel, inthlau tak ei rawh. Thlai, thei, legumes leh whole grains te ei tam rawh. Chaw sugary, oil leh processed foods te chu a theih ang anga tihtlem thin ang che.
• Zu leh ruihhlo lakah inthiarfihlim vek rawh. Zu hi depression tipungtu leh antidepressant hman tangkai dan tibuaitu a ni.
• I hmangaih, i ngaihsak leh i thlawptu mite nen hun hmang rawh. Mahni chauh awm suh.
• Hlimna thlen thei leh i rilru ti hahdam thei hobby-ah inhmang rawh.
• Stress management technique te practice la: meditation, yoga, leh deep breathing exercise ang chi thil te.

Depression hi eng prognosis nge ni?

Depression thlirna, chu chu dam leh hun tur chu mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei. Thil engemaw zatah a innghat a ni:

• Depression nasat dan leh chi hrang hrang.
• Hun eng emaw chen atana thil thleng (e.g. thilthleng avanga lo awm) emaw, hun rei tak chhunga thil thleng emaw pawh nise.
• Enkawlna mumal tak an dawn leh dawn loh te, engtiang chiahin nge enkawl an tan thuai tih te.
• Rilru natna dang (e.g. lungkhamna), taksa natna, emaw, ruihhlo hmansual ang chi co-occurring conditions i neih pawhin.

Thu lawmawm tak chu, a natna hi uluk taka enfiah a, enkawl dan dik a nih chuan, lungngaihna nei tam zawkte chu hrisel, lungawina leh nun pangngaiin an nung thei tih hi a ni. Mahse, enkawl hnuah pawh mi thenkhat chuan natna an nei leh thei a ni. Chuvangin, i natna lan chhuah dan a lo let leh tan nia i hriat chuan a hma thei ang bera damdawi lam pan a pawimawh.

Depression enkawl loh chuan:

• A zual thei a, a natna lan chhuah dan pawh a zual thei bawk.
• Hriselna lama harsatna dang, dementia ang chi te hian dementia ang chi natna a thlen theihna a tipung thei a ni.
• Hriselna lama harsatna awm tawh, zunthlum emaw, natna rei tak emaw a tizual thei a ni.
• Mimal inlaichînna te, hnathawhna te, leh zirna te pawh tiamin nun kawng tinrêng a nghawng thei a ni.
• A tâwpah chuan mahni intihhlumna emaw, thihna emaw pawh a thlen thei a ni.

Sri Lanka ramah hian depression leh rilru lam natna dangte chu mahni intihhlumna thlentu lian ber nia hriat a ni. Chuvangin , nangmah emaw, i hriat emaw chuan mahni intihhlum tumna a neih chuan ngaihthah suh. Professional tanpuina zawng nghal rawh. Sumithrayo (0112692909, 0112682535) emaw National Mental Health Helpline 1926 ah emaw call la, a nih loh leh damdawi in emergency room hnai ber ah kal rawh.

Depression hi ven theih a ni em?

Depression hi ven theih reng a nih loh laiin, i hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur leh i rilru hriselna nghet taka awm theihna tura puitu tur thil i tih theih a awm a:

• Mut hrisel neih reng (ni khatah darkar 7-8).
• Stress enkawl dan hrisel tak tak hman. Entirnan, mi rintlak tak nena inbiakna, a chhunga harsatna awmte chu bottle-a dah loh, thawk chhuahna exercise, ngaihtuahna seng.
• Mahni invenna hna hrang hrang, exercise neih fo, meditation, leh yoga-ah te tel ve rawh. I hlimna thlentu thilte tan hun siam rawh.
• Khawtlang inlaichinna nghet tak vawng reng rawh. Chhungte leh thiante nen inlaichinna tha tak vawng reng ang che.
• Zu leh ruihhlo lakah inthiarfihlim rawh.

Depression i lo nei tawh a nih chuan i neih leh theihna a sang zawk. Chuvangin, lungngaihna lanchhuahna i neih tan veleh a bo mai mai lo nghak mai suh la, a rang thei ang bera tanpuina la rawh.

Depression chungchangah engtikah nge doctor i hmuh ang?

He thuziaka kan sawi tawh ang hian kar hnih aia rei depression symptoms i neih chuan, heng symptoms te hian i nitin nun, hnathawhna, emaw inlaichinna emaw a nghawng a nih chuan doctor emaw mental health counselor emaw pan nghal rawh.Anni hian diagnosis dik tak an pe thei che a, i tana enkawlna tha ber berte pawh an rawn rawt thei bawk.

Depression enkawlna i tan tawh a, a thawk tha lo niin a lang a, emaw, i tuar theih loh side effects duhawm lo tak tak i neih chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neih hlau suh. I damdawi chi emaw, a zat emaw chu a thlak danglam thei a, a nih loh leh enkawlna dang a rawt thei bawk.

A tawp berah chuan (Take-Home Message) hi hre reng ang che.

Depression hi natna tlanglawn tak leh na tak thei tak a ni a, kum tin mi maktaduai tam takin a vei thin. Tu pawh hi a chhan hriat loh pawhin an lungngai thei a ni. Chak lohna emaw, chhinchhiahna emaw a ni lo. Damdawi lam thil a ni a, enkawl ngai a ni.

Thu lawmawm tak chu depression hi enkawl theih a ni. Depression symptoms i neih chuan hlau suh, zak suh, nangmah chauhin hrehawm tuar suh. I doctor emaw, i rintlak emaw nen inbia ang che. Ṭanpuina i zawn hma poh leh i dam leh thuai thei a, i nun chu i hlim leh thei bawk. He indona hi nangmah chauhin bei suh, tanpui thei che leh ngaithla thei che mi tam tak an awm.

` Depression, rilru hriselna, lungngaihna, lungkhamna, enkawl dan, symptoms