Thisen sugar sang i nei em? Hyperglycemia chungchang hi han sawi ila!

Diabetes i vei a nih chuan "high blood sugar" tih thumal hi i hre fo tawh ngei ang. I thian emaw, i chhungte emaw chungah a thleng tih i hre tawh ngei ang. A awlsam zawngin, hei hi medical science-in hyperglycemia a tih chu a ni. I thisena glucose (sugar) awm zat a pung lutuk tihna a ni. Hei hi i taksain hormone insulin a siam that loh vang emaw, a siam chhuah insulin a hman tangkai theih loh vang emaw a ni. Chuvangin vawiinah hian he thu hi tlem tal thuk zawkin, mi zawng zawngin an hriatthiam theih tur angin i sawi dawn nia.

Hyperglycemia hi eng nge ni tak tak?

Ngaihtuah teh, kan taksaa cell te hi engine te tak te ang mai an ni. Heng engine te hian hnathawh nan energy, a nih loh leh fuel an mamawh a ni. He fuel hi glucose a ni a, chu chu kan ei leh in atanga kan hmuh a ni a, a bik takin carbohydrates awmna ei atanga kan hmuh a ni. Mahse he glucose hi cell chhungah direct-in a lut thei lo. Insulin an tih hormone atanga tanpuina a mamawh a ni. Insulin hi cell kawngkhar hawngtu chabi ang a ni.

Zunthlum vei chuan he key (insulin) ah hian harsatna a nei a. Chabi a tlem lo (Type 1 diabetes), a nih loh leh chabi awm mahse kawngkhar lock-ah a in fit tha lo (insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes-ah a awm). Chuti a nih chuan eng nge thleng? Thisena glucose awm khawm hi cell-ah a lut thei lo va, thisenah a pung khawm a ni. Hetianga thisen sugar level sang hi hyperglycemia an ti a.

Chutianga tih theih dan tlangpui pahnih a awm a, chungte chu:

A pawimawh ber chu he natna hi a awm fo emaw, a awm reng emaw a nih chuan i nerve, thisen kalna kawng leh chhungril taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhe thei a ni. Chuvangin a natna hriatchhuah leh enkawl vat a pawimawh hle.

Thisen sugar level sang chhan chu engte nge ni?

Zunthlum vei hian thisen sugar level sang a neih theih chhan hrang hrang a awm thei.

• Insulin emaw diabetes pills emaw i pek chu a hun taka theihnghilh emaw skip emaw .
• Insulin i mamawh zat aia tam carbohydrates (starch) tamna ei tur ei . Entirnan, buhfai, chhang, alu ei tam lutuk.
• Taksaah natna hrik a awm .
• Natna dang emaw, dinhmun dang emaw (e.g. khawsik, flu).
• Stress a tipung .
• Taksa tihchak loh emaw, exercise neih mumal loh emaw.
• A châng chuan exercise hahthlak lutuk (a bik takin thisen sugar a san tawh a, insulin level a hniam lai) pawh hi a chhan a ni thei bawk.

Zunthlum vei lote hian thisen sugar an nei thei em?

Ni e, zunthlum vei lo pawhin a chang chuan hyperglycemia an nei thei.

• Cushing’s syndrome: Hei hi taksain hun rei tak chhung hormone cortisol a tam chuan a awm lo.
• Pancreas natna: Insulin siamtu natna (pancreatitis emaw pancreatic cancer) a awm chuan insulin siamchhuah a tibuai thei a ni.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): He natna hi hmeichhiaah a awm fo thin a, insulin resistance a awm thin.
• Damdawi thenkhat: Damdawi thenkhat, steroid ang chi te hian thisen sugar level chu rei lo te chhung atan a tisang thei bawk.

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Thisen sugar sang hi eng symptoms nge ni?

Hyperglycemia symptoms hi a tir lamah leh a natna a zual zel angin a danglam thei. Hengte hi hriat chian a pawimawh.

Emergency: Zunthlum vei Ketoacidosis (DKA) natna a awm thei.

Hei hi fimkhur hle tur a ni. Hyperglycemia hi enkawl loha a awm chhunzawm zel chuan, a bik takin Type 1 diabetes vei te tan chuan natna hlauhawm tak, nunna atana hlauhawm Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) an tih chu a thlen thei a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, cell-te’n glucose an hmuh theih loh chuan taksa hian chakna atan thau a hal tan thin. Hetiang hian chemical "ketones" an tih a siam chhuak thin. Heng ketone te hi thisenah an awm khawm chuan thisen chu acidic a lo ni ta a ni. Hei hi a hlauhawm hle mai.

DKA natna lan chhuah dan:

• Nausea leh luak chhuak
• Tui tlakchhamna nasa tak
• Pum a na
• Thâwk harsa
• Thâwk chungah chuan thei rim a nam
• Lung na tak tak
• Buaina leh hriatna hloh (coma) .

Nangmah emaw, i hriat miin emaw heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan damdawi in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ah i kal nghal tur a ni. Hei hi medical emergency a ni.

Engtin nge he dinhmun hi kan thunun ang a, kan ven ang?

Zunthlum i vei a, a chunga kan sawi tawh ang kha i lo neih hmasak phawt chuan i thisen sugar level enfiah hmasa phawt ang che. Tichuan i doctor nen inbia ang che. Hetiang hian thurawn a pe thei che a ni:

1. Tui in tam: Tui in hian taksa atanga sugar tam lutuk chu zun hmangin a paih chhuak thei a ni. Dehydration a veng thei bawk.

2. Exercise: Exercise hian thisen sugar level a tihniam thei a ni. Mahse hetah hian thil pawimawh tak hriat reng tur chu a awm. I thisen sugar level a sang tawh a, i zun-ah ketone i neih chuan (a bik takin type 1 diabetes-ah) exercise hian thil a ti na zual thei a ni.Chuvangin exercise lak dan tur chungchangah doctor hnen atangin thurawn la ngei ang che.

3. I ei dan thlak danglam: I ei leh in a carbohydrates awm zat leh chi hrang hrang thlak danglam a ngai mai thei. Hemi atan hian dietitian hnen atangin thurawn i la thei ang.

4. Damdawi thlak danglam: Doctor rawn hmasa lovin i damdawi chi, a dose leh a hun hi thlak ngai suh. A tul chuan i doctor chuan anmahniin a thlak danglam ang.

A tha ber chu he natna hi a lo awm loh nan ven hi a ni. Hei hian i diabetes management plan dik tak zawm a ngai a ni.

• Doctor-in damdawi a pekte chu a hun takah ei tur a ni.
• Chaw ei dan tur ruahman angin zawm rawh.
• Exercise neih fo thin ang che.
• I thisen sugar level enfiah fo thin ang che.
• Damdawi lam hriatna (medical identification) bun a pawimawh hle a, chutiang chuan midangte’n emergency a lo thlen chuan zunthlum vei i ni tih an hriat theih nan.