TV-a crime drama leh movie en thin i ni em? Tichuan ‘DNA test done’ leh ‘DNA match’ tih ang chi thumal hi i hre chiang hle mai thei. Mahse, DNA Fingerprinting hi eng nge ni tak tak? Misual man nan chauh hman tur thil a ni em? Ni lo, chu aia thil tam takah a pawimawh zawk technology mak tak a ni. Vawiin hian awlsam takin sawi ila.
Kan taksa chhunga he ‘genetic map’ hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, DNA Fingerprinting hi chemical test a ni a, mi emaw thil nung eng pawh genetic makeup hriatchhuahna a ni. Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan DNA chu eng nge a nih kan hriat hmasak a ngai a ni.
DNA tih thumal hi deoxyribonucleic acid tihna tawi a ni . I taksa cell tinah a awm vek. I dam chhung zawnga blueprint angin ngaihtuah rawh.
He DNA chain hi chemical compound chi 4 atanga siam a ni. Hengte hi ‘bases’ kan ti thin. Chungte chu pahnih pahnih in an inzawm khawm a, ‘base pair’ an siam thin. I DNA-ah hian heng pair hi tluklehdingawn 3 vel a awm! Heng pahnih inzawm dan tur hian i cell te chu copy siam dan tur a hrilh a ni.
He chemical compound set pumpui hi ‘genome’ kan tih hi a ni. Hei hi i genetic information repository kimchang tak a ni.
Thil mak tak chu khawvela mi tu pawh genome hi 99.9% in a inang vek a ni. Mahse chu 0.1% inthlauhna tenau la awm chu taksa leh rilru lamah keimah atanga danglamna che a ni a, kei pawh midang nen min danglamna chu a ni. Kan hmel lan dan te, kan nungchang te, kan ngaihtuahna te, natna thenkhat kan vei awlsam dan te, heng zawng zawng hi he danglamna tenau tak hian a nghawng vek a ni. DNA Fingerprinting technology hian chemical hmangin DNA strand te chu a then a, chu 0.1% fragment te chu i tan a danglam bik te chu a la chhuak thin. Chu result chu line pattern angin kan hmu a. Chu pattern chu sample dang nen kan khaikhin thei a ni.
DNA Fingerprinting hi eng atan nge hman a nih?
Kum 1984-a an siam chhuah aṭang khan he technology hi thubuai leh dan lam thila hman a ni ber a ni. Damdawi lamah pawh thil pawimawh tak a lo ni ta a ni. A hlawkna berte han thlir ila.
| Field hmanna tur | Entirna leh sawifiahna |
|---|---|
| Dan lam thil leh criminal investigation atan | |
| Misualte hriatchhuah | DNA hi crime scene-a sam, thisen, saliva sample hmuh atanga lakchhuah a ni a, rinhlelh DNA nen a inmil thei a ni. Mi tuemaw thiam loh chantirna atan pawh hman theih a ni. |
| Kinship tih nemnghehna | Hei hi naupang nu leh pa finfiah (paternity test) leh unau bo zawn ang chi thil atan hman a ni. |
| Mitthi ruang hriatchhuah | Hei hi ruang rei tak thi tawh, accident emaw natural disaster-a thi, hriat phak loha tihchhiat tawhte chu an nihna finfiah nan hman a ni. |
| Damdawi lam hlawkna | |
| Organ transplant te pawh a awm bawk | Miin organ transplant, kidney emaw liver emaw a mamawh chuan DNA test hmangin donor leh recipient tissue te chu a inmil em tih hriat a ni. |
| Hriselna atanga lo piang natna hriatchhuah | Hei hian thlahtute dinhmun ṭhenkhat hriat hmasak a ṭanpui a, mi pakhatin natna engemaw a vei theihna tûr genetic predisposition a neih leh neih loh hriat nân a ṭanpui bawk. |
| Natna enkawlna tur zawng chhuak | He technology hi zirchiangtute tan chuan heng thlahtute natna thlentu genetic changes te hi hriatchhuah a, an enkawlna leh damdawi tha tak tak siam chhuah nan a pawimawh hle. |
Engtin nge he test hi tih a nih?
DNA fingerprinting hi i ngaihtuah angin a buaithlak lo va, a hrehawm lo bawk. I taksa atanga cell sample lak a huam a ni. He sample hi lak dan kawng hrang hrang a awm.
- Cotton swab hmangin a hmui chhung atanga cell te chu scrape rawh.
- I vun atang hian.
- Sam zung atanga lo chhuak.
- Saliva, thawmhnaw emaw taksa tui dang atanga lo chhuak.
Mahse a awlsam ber leh hman tlanglawn ber chu thisen sample lak hi a ni.
Lab-ah hian eng nge thleng?
I hnen atanga sample lak a nih hnuah lab-ah thawn a ni. Hetah hian thil thleng chu a awm:
1. DNA isolation: Pakhatnaah chuan i sample chhunga cell awmte atanga DNA chauh thliar hrang turin chemicals te dah tel a ni. Tichuan, DNA chu tuiah a hmin ta a.
.
3. Fragment te copy: A dawt leh tur chu heng DNA fragment te te hi copy maktaduai tam tak siam a ni a, chu chuan test a awlsam phah hle.
4. Gel kal tlang: Tunah chuan heng DNA fragment te hi gel nen an pawlh a, electric current a kal tlang a. Tichuan DNA fragment te chu an lian leh te a zirin lian leh teah an then a.
5. Pattern a lo lang: A tawp berah chuan, hei hi dye bik dah a nih chuan, UV light hnuaia emaw, laser hmanga en emaw chuan, supermarket-a thil siama barcode ang bawkin , striped pattern a lo lang a ni
6. Inthlauhna: He barcode ang chi hi i DNA fingerprint a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan hei hi sample dang atanga lak pattern nen i khaikhin thei a, an inmil leh inmil loh chu dik takin i sawi thei ang.
He technology hi tunlai kan nun kawng tam tak nghawngtu hmanraw pawimawh tak a lo ni ta a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- DNA Fingerprinting hi test dik tak a ni a, mimal tinte tana genetic pattern danglam bik hriat theihna a ni.
- Hei hi dan anga thil tum, criminal investigation, kinship din, leh ruang hriat loh hriatchhuahna atan a pawimawh hle.
- Damdawi lamah chuan he technology hmang hian taksa peng thlakna atana mimal inmil zawngin, thlahtute natna hriatchhuahna leh enkawlna tur zawngin an hmang thin.
- He test result hi mimal tinte tana danglam bik ‘genetic barcode’ ang a ni.
- Hemi chungchangah hian damdawi lam harsatna emaw zawhna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen thurawn dil fo ang che.
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