Ruihhlo hman avanga i nun thunun kawngah harsatna i nei ve em? (Substance Use Disorder - SUD) Hemi chungchang hi han sawi ila!

A châng chuan ruihhlo hman, zu emaw, cigarette emaw, ruihhlo dang emaw hman hian a kal thui lutuk niin i hria em, a nih loh leh hmangtu i hria em? Eng nge a bul tanna chu tlem a nuam deuh a, mahse tunah chuan thil tul tak a lo ni ta a, i nunah thil dang zawng zawng a buai vek tawh? Chutiang a nih chuan he thawnthu hi i tan a pawimawh hle ang. Vawiin hian `Substance Use Disorder (SUD)` tih hming pu condition kan sawi dawn a ni.

He substance use disorder (SUD) hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, substance use disorder (SUD) hi rilru lam natna a ni a, chu chu i hmanna a nasat em avangin i hriselna, nun leh inlaichinna a tibuai a ni. Tun hma chuan "drug addiction" tia sawi a ni bawk.

Ngaihtuah teh, heng damdawi te hi kan hman hian kan thluak hnathawh hi a inthlak zauh zauh zauh zauh thin. Heng damdawi te hian kan thluak ah hian chemical `(Dopamine)` an tih chu a chhuah tir thin. He `(Dopamine)` hian hlimna leh tha taka min awmtirtu chu a ni. Mahse, chutih lai chuan ruihhlo nghawng a reh chuan chu hlimna pawh chu a bo ta vek a ni. Tichuan thluak leh taksa chuan chu "tha" feeling chu neih leh an duh ta a ni. I hriselna atan eng ang pawhin tha lo mah se, chu mamawh chu a la awm reng a ni. Hei hian i rilru hriselna, chhungkaw inlaichinna, zirna leh hnathawhnaah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a ni. A \henah chuan hei hian nunna a tichhe thei hial a ni.

He dinhmun (SUD) hian mi tinte chu degree hrang hrangin a nghawng thei a ni. Ṭhenkhat chuan symptoms na lo tak tak an nei thei , ṭhenkhat chuan symptoms moderate an nei thei a, ṭhenkhat chuan symptoms na tak tak an nei thei bawk . Khawi hmunah pawh awm la, hei hi enkawl theih dinhmun a ni tih hre reng ang che , i inpeih chuan tanpuina dawn theihna kawng tam tak a awm bawk.

Substance use disorder (SUD) chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Hetiang natna thlen thei damdawi chi hrang hrang a awm a. A chi hrang hrang hman tlanglawn ber chu:

• Zu in chungchanga harsatna (`Zu hmansualna`).
• Cocaine hman chungchanga harsatna (`Cocaine hmansualna`).
• Cannabis hman chungchanga harsatna (`Cannabis use disorder`).
• Zuk leh hmuam hman chungchanga harsatna (`Tobacco use disorder`).
• Methamphetamine hman chungchanga harsatna (ice ang chi) (`Methamphetamine hmansualna`).
• Opioid (heroin leh morphine ang chi natna tidamtu) hman chungchanga harsatna (`Opioid use disorder`).

A châng chuan mi pakhat chu ruihhlo pakhat aia tam a ngawlvei thei a ni. Entirnan, zu ruala zuk leh hmuam hman. Hei hi ``Polysubstance hmansualna'' an ti a.

Dik tak chuan khawvel ram tam takah ang bawkin kan rama ``SUD'' chi hrang hrang hmuh tam ber pakhat chu zu kaihhnawih harsatna hi a ni.

Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?

Substance use disorder symptoms hi i hman dan chi hrang hrang a zirin a danglam thei. Symptoms hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

1. Intoxication: Hei hi damdawi ei hian a nghawng nghal leh hun rei lote chhunga a nghawng dan a ni. Mutthilh, mutthilh, phur lutuk leh rilru natna nasa tak te pawh a huam thei. I rorelna te, thutlukna siam dan te, leh taksa leh rilru hnathawh dan te a nghawng thei bawk.

2. Withdrawal symptoms: Hengte hi damdawiin hun rei lote chhunga nghawng a neihte a reh a, damdawiin taksa a chhuahsan zauh zauh a, hei hi a ni. Hengte hi a nuam lo fo thin. Chung zingah chuan luak chhuak leh luak chhuak, luak chhuak, thawk hah, mut theih lohna, taksa ruh natna, leh mood swing te pawh a tel thei.

Substance use disorder (SUD) natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

American Psychiatric Association-in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders a ziah dan chuan, ``(SUD)'' tih hming pu natna lan chhuah dan chu:

• Damdawi (a bik takin damdawi) pek zat aia tam emaw, hun bituk aia rei emaw ei.
• Ruihhlo hman duhna emaw, duhna nasa tak emaw .
• Ruihhlo hman tlem emaw, thunun emaw tumna hlawhchham .
• Ruihhloin a nghawng chhuah, a hman emaw, a dam leh theih nan hun tam tak hman .
• Ruihhlo hman avanga hnathawhna hmun, sikul, in lama mawhphurhna hlen harsa .
• Inlaichinna lama harsatna nei chung pawha ruihhlo hman chhunzawm zel .
• Ruihhlo hman avanga social, professional, emaw intihhlimna lam thil tih bansan .
• Ruihhlo hman nawn fo , mahni tan a hlauhawm thei tih hriat chung pawhin.
• Taksa emaw rilru lam emaw harsatna nei chung pawha ruihhlo hman chhunzawm zel, ruihhlo avanga harsatna awm thei emaw, a tizual thei emaw.
• Development of tolerance (damdawi hman zat tihpun a ngai a, chutiang bawka nghawng a neih theih nan - `tolerance`).
• Experiencing withdrawal symptoms , chu chu damdawi ei tam chuan a reh thei.

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i nei nia i hriat chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor lam pan a pawimawh hle.

Engvangin nge heng ruihhlo hman avanga harsatna (SUD) te hi a lo awm?

Hei hi a chhan dik tak erawh hriat a la ni lo. Mahse, zirchianna chuan ruihhlo hi addictive nature a nih chhan chu i thluak "reward system" a inthlak vang a ni thei tih a tarlang. A awlsam zawngin, thluak chuan ruihhloin hun eng emaw chen atana hlimna a pek chu a thiam ta a, chutah chuan a duh ta hle a ni.

Engtin nge he substance use disorder (SUD) hi a lo awm?

Zirna hrang hrangah chuan he ``(SUD)`` dinhmun lo awm chhan hi thil tam takin a pui thei tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Entir nan:

• Social pressure: Ṭhiante hnen aṭanga nghawng nei, party leh event-a "try it a little" tia hrilh.
• Thil hriat duhna: Ruihhlo hman dan hriat duhna.
• Performance tihchangtlun: Mi thenkhat chuan hengte hian hnathawhna hmunah emaw, exam atan lehkha zirna kawngah emaw an ti tha zawk ang tih an ngaihtuah a.
• Stress relief: Hun engemaw chen chu stress, lungkhamna, hlauhna leh lungngaihna tihziaawm tum.

`(SUD)` dinhmun thlen fo thin pattern hi hetiang hian a lang thei:

1. Experimental use (or prescription use): Damdawi pakhat a vawi khatna atana enchhin emaw, doctor-in a pek angin damdawi hman emaw.

2. Tum khata hman: Tum khata hman, social setting-ah te, thiante nena kan inkawp lai te, doctor-in a tih loh dan danga damdawi hman te.

3. Heavy use: Ruihhlo hman chhunzawm zel, nitin deuhthaw emaw, ni engemaw zat danah emaw hman thin.

4. Substance Use Disorder (SUD): Miin nitin emaw, ni khata vawi eng emaw zat ruihhlo a hman thinna a ni. Ruihhlo hmang lova kal hun a awm lo hle.

Hei hi entirna mai a ni a, a chhan chu he dinhmun hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei hle a, a nasat dan pawh a inang lo.

Tute nge substance use disorders (SUD) vei theihna chance sang zawk?

Hetiang dinhmun hian kum, hnam, mipa leh hmeichhia, leh khawtlang nun dinhmun thliar lovin tu pawh a nghawng thei a ni. Mahse, a hnuaia thilte avang hian he natna hi i vei theihna chance a sang zawk thei a ni:

• Rilru lam natna dang (e.g. depression, anxiety) i neih tawh chuan.
• I chhungkuaa mi (biological relative) pakhatin `(SUD)` tih natna a neih chuan.
• Naupan laia thil tha lo tak tak i tawn tawh chuan.
• Genetic susceptibility a awm chuan (genetic mutations thenkhat chuan SUDs a thlen tam zawk thei).
• Ruihhlo nena inzawmna emaw awlsam taka hmuh theihna emaw .

Hetiang dinhmun atang hian eng harsatna nge lo awm thei?

SUD natna vei tam ber leh hlauhawm ber chu overdose hi a ni . Overdose chu damdawi i ei tam lutuk hi a ni. Hei hi medical emergency a ni!

Damdawi chi hrang hrang hian taksa peng hrang hrang a nghawng a. Entirnan, opioid i overdose chuan i thluak chhunga thawk controltu part chu a nghawng a ni. Enkawl vat loh chuan i thawk a ti hniam thei a, a tawp thei a, thihna thlengin a thlen thei bawk.

SUD hmang hian harsatna tam tak a awm thei a, a natna nasat dan leh damdawi hman chi hrang hrang a zirin a danglam thei bawk. Harsatna awm fo chu:

• Ngawt .
• Lungngaihna .
• Hri kai (e.g. `(Hepatitis B)`, `(Hepatitis C)` leh `(HIV)`).
• Hriatrengna hloh .
• Zirna emaw hnathawhna lama harsatna awm thei .
• Mihring inkara inlaichinna lama harsatna awmte .
• Thil him lo, dan bawhchhiatna, a nih loh leh hlauhawm tak thiltih .

Engtin nge he substance use disorder (SUD) hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

Hetiang dinhmun hi hriat theihna tur test pakhat mah a awm lo. Chu ai chuan doctor-te chuan i damdawi lam chanchin leh ruihhlo hman dante uluk takin an zirchiang ang. I taksaah hian vawi khatah damdawi engzat nge awm tih leh eng chi nge awm tih hriat tumin drug test an nei thei bawk.

Doctor chuan i rilru lam hriselna chanchin pawh a zawt ang a, SUD hi rilru lam hriselna dinhmun dang nen a awm dun fo avangin.

American Psychiatric Association (DSM-5) manual-in a tarlan dan chuan, mi pakhatin "SUD" an tih natna a vei tih hriat theih nan thla 12 chhungin symptom section-a tarlan symptom pahnih tal a neih a ngai a ni

He natna hian a nasat dan level hrang hrang a nei thei tih hriat reng a pawimawh bawk:

• Symptom pahnih pathum a awm chuan `(SUD)` condition na lo tak a ni.
• Symptom pali panga a awm chuan `(SUD)` condition moderate a ni.
• Symptom paruk emaw a aia tam emaw a awm chuan `(SUD)` natna khirh tak a ni.

Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

SUD enkawlna atana hmalakna hmasa ber chu withdrawal management a ni . Hei hian damdawi chu tihtawp a, i taksa atanga chhuah tir a huam a ni. Hei hi detox an ti bawk. A natna a nasat dan azirin doctor chuan damdawi a pe thei a, chu chu withdrawal symptoms-in a nghawng tihziaawmna tur a ni a, chu chu taksa leh rilru lamah pawh a harsa hle thei a ni.

`Detox` i tih zawh hnuah hetiang hian enkawlna i nei chhunzawm thei ang:

• Counselling leh Therapy hmanga enkawlna .
• Damdawi hman dan .

SUD enkawlna hi mimal tan a ni . I dam lehna kawngah hian hun hrang hrangah enkawlna chi hrang hrang i mamawh mai thei. Enkawlna hmun hrang hrang a awm a, chung zingah chuan residential leh outpatient treatment center, hun rei lote leh hun rei tak chhunga enkawlna community te pawh a tel.

Therapy hmanga enkawl a ni

SUD leh rilru lam natna dang awm dun thei enkawlna atana pui thei tur enkawlna chi hrang hrang a awm. Puitlingte tana SUD enkawlna tha ber ber thenkhat chu:

• Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) hmanga enkawl dan: 1.1.Hei hi rilru lam hriselna enkawlna atana khawtlang nunphung a ni a, inpatient emaw hospital setting emaw aiin. Personalized tak a ni. I enkawlna ruahmanna chu i chakna, i mamawh leh i hmalam hun atana i thil tumte ang zela siam a ni.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Hei hian i nungchang leh ngaihtuahna buaithlak tak takte chu a hriat theih nan a pui che a ni. Harsatnate chu hrisel taka hmachhawn turin thiltum i siam thei a ni.
• Contingency management: He therapy hian mimal thil tum siam turin a fuih che a ni. Tum i tihhlawhtlin chuan lawmman i dawng a ni.
• Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT): Hei hi thusawi therapy a ni a, CBT nen a inang hle. Emotion nasa tak i enkawl theih nan leh i ngaihtuahnain i nungchang a nghawng dan hriatthiamna a pe che a ni.
• Chhungkaw therapy: Hei hian chhungkua emaw pawl emaw chhunga inlaichinna leh nungchang tihchangtlun nan a pui thin.
• Motivational enhancement therapy: Hei hian thil tum tihhlawhtlin theih tur siam turin a fuih che a ni. Mental health counselor chuan chutiang thil tumte chu thawk turin a fuih ang che.
• Therapeutic communities (TCs): Hei hi hun rei tak chhunga chenna hmuna enkawlna a ni a, miten ruihhlo hmanna leh a kaihhnawih rilru lam hriselna lama harsatna dangte nena inzawm hlutna leh nungchang thar, hrisel tak tak an neih theih nan a pui a ni.

Narcotics Anonymous ang chi self-help group-a tel hian SUD enkawlna kawngah pawh chanvo a nei thei bawk. Heng programme te hian mite chu mahni invenna leh peer support hmangin an nungchang thlak danglam turin a pui thin. Group therapy hian SUD vei te chu an fimkhur theih nan leh ruihhlo hman loh nan a pui thin.

Doctor-te chuan heng enkawlnate hi a ringawt emaw, damdawi nena hman dun emaw a rawt thei a ni.

Hemi atana hman tur damdawi te

Damdawi hian i thluak chemistry thlak danglamin SUD natna thenkhat enkawlnaah a pui thei a ni. Tin, duhâmna leh withdrawal symptoms te pawh a tiziaawm thei bawk.

US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-in damdawi hmanga enkawlna a pawmpui ṭhenkhat chu:

• Opioid tan chuan: `(Methadone)`, `(Buprenorphine)` leh `(Naltrexone)` te hi a ni.
• Zu tan: `(Naltrexone)`, `(Acamprosate)` leh `(Disulfiram)` te a ni.
• Zuk leh hmuam atan: nicotine patch, hnar spray, chewing gum emaw lozenges emaw; `(Bupropion)` emaw `(Varenicline)` emaw a ni thei.

Heng ruihhlo hman kaihhnawih harsatna (SUD) te hi ven theih a ni em?

SUD vei zawng zawng hi ven theih a ni lo, a chhan chu he natna lo awm chhan hi thil tam tak a awm avangin (a tam zawk chu i thunun theih loh a ni). Mahse, i risk tihziaawmna turin hma i la thei a ni.

Sikul, khawtlang leh chhungkaw chhunga zirna pekna hmangin, hian a vawi khatna atana ruihhlo hman emaw, damdawi pek dik loh emaw a tihtlem thei a ni. SUD laka inven dan dangte chu:

• I prescription-a tarlan ang chiah kha zawm rawh. A pek zat aia tam ei loh tur. Entirnan, opioid hmansualna nena inzawm harsatna chu ni nga chauh hman dik loh hnuah a intan thei a ni.
• I damdawi pek tur chu midang hnenah share ngai suh la , i damdawi pawh hralh ngai suh. Naupangte hmuh theih lohna hmun him takah dah fo ang che.
• Enkawlna tawp lamah damdawi pek chhuah (opioid ang chi) la awm i neih chuan, him taka paih theihna turin khawtlang atanga damdawi lakkhawm program emaw, mail-in pharmacy return program emaw zawng rawh.

Stress leh nun inthlak danglam lai hian substance hmansual theihna a sang hle. Puitling tan chuan inthenna, hna hloh, a nih loh leh a hmangaih tak thihna ang chi thilte hian ruihhlo hmansualna a tipung thei a ni. Naupang tê tê tân chuan insawn, chhûngkaw inṭhen, a nih loh leh sikul inthlâk danglamna ang chi thilte chuan a hlauhawmna a tipung thei a ni. Hetiang ang inthlak danglamna hun lai hian hmachhawn dan hrisel tak tak zawn a pawimawh a, chu chu exercise lak te, ngaihtuahna seng te, hobby thar zir te hi a ni. Stress i enkawl harsatna i neih chuan mental health counselor pan rawh .

Hetiang dinhmun hi eng nge a thlir ang?

Hetiang dinhmun hi a hmalam hun tur hi thil engemaw zat ah a innghat a ni:

• `(SUD)` chi leh a nasat dan .
• Enkawlna leh dam lehna tura inpekna level .
• Genetic atanga nghawng a neih dan .
• I stress lai hian engtin nge i hmachhawn ?

Ruihhlo ngawlvei hi dam chhung zawnga natna a ni . Mahse, dam leh theih a ni ngei ang . Mi hrang hrangin hlawhtlinna kawng hrang hrangin an hmu thin. Mi tam tak chuan Narcotics Anonymous ang chi support group leh ongoing therapy hmangin hlawhtlinna an hmu thin.

SUD-ah hian relapses hi a awm fo thin . Relapse chu hun engemaw chen damdawi i chawlhsan a, i hman tan leh hi a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan detox i siam a ngai a, treatment cycle chu i tan leh vek a ngai a ni. Hei hi thil buaithlak tak a ni thei. Damdawi i hman hnuhnun ber atanga kum tam tak hnuah i lo let leh thei a ni. Relapse hlauhawm tak i nih chuan i rintlak support system nghet tak neih hi a \angkai hle thei a ni.

I doctor chuan i enkawlna tur ruahmanna chu a enfiah fo tur a ni. I thil tum emaw, i nunphung emaw a inthlak hi thil pangngai a ni. Chu chu enkawlna dang emaw, damdawi thar emaw i enchhin a ngai mai thei tihna a ni. Doctor chuan i dam chhung zawnga a tul anga inthlak danglamna siam turin a pui thei che a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor i hmuh ang?

Tunah hian damdawi i hmang fo a, mahni chauha i tihtawp theih loh tih dan a lo ni ta tih i ngaihtuah a nih chuan doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh hle I fate SUD chungchang sawipui dan tur leh hlauhawma an inhriat chuan tanpuina dawn dan tur doctor hnen atangin kaihhruaina i dawng thei bawk.

Substance Use Disorder (SUD) hi rilru lam natna khirh tak a ni. Ruihhlo hian i thluak hnathawh dan a thlak danglam avangin ruihhlo hman tawh loh a harsa thei a, i duh pawh nise. Mahse, thil harsa ber zinga mi ni mah se, i mamawh chuan tanpuina dil chu thil pawi a ni lo.

A tawp berah chuan i sawi tur chu...

Enkawlna hi a harsa khawp mai. Detoxing hi a nuam lo. Therapy hi emotionally draining tak a ni. Mahse dam leh hi a hlu em em a ni. I enkawlna zinkawng i tan tirh hian i ṭhian emaw, i chhungte emaw i rintlak tak aṭangin ṭanpuina i zawng duh mai thei. An fuihna chu doctor biak tûra i mamawh chêttîrtu a ni thei.

SUD hi natna khirh tak a nih avangin i dam chhung zawnga enkawl chhunzawm zel i mamawh mai thei. I care team chu i kalna apiangah i bulah an awm reng tih hre reng ang che. He zinkawng hi nangmah chauhin i paltlang a ngai lo. Ṭanpuina dil la, dam rawh.

` Ruihhlo, ruihhlo ngawlvei, rilru hriselna, zu, zuk leh hmuam, enkawlna, dam lehna