Nang pawh hi addict i ni em? Nirogi Lanka nen hian Addiction chungchang hi han sawi ila!

“He thil atang hian ka chhuak thei lo ang maiin ka lang” tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Thil tih dân ṭha lo tak a ni thei a, a nih loh leh thil thuk zâwk—addiction—a ni thei bawk. Vawiin hian hei hi eng nge a nih tak tak, engvangin nge a lo awm tih leh nun hrisel zawka i kir leh theihna tur kawng i zawn theih dan tur kan sawi dawn nia. Hei hi thupui buaithlak tak a nih laiin, Nirogi Lanka nen chauh kan titawp dawn a ni.

Addiction chu eng nge ni, Tih tak zet?

A awlsam zawngin, ruihhlo ngawlvei chu thil emaw, thiltih emaw nena inzawm tlat a, a rah chhuah ṭha lo i hriat lai pawhin thunun theih loha chhunzawm zel hi a ni. Chronic, dam chhung zawnga natna a ni . I thil tih chu nangmah emaw, i hmangaih takte tân emaw a ṭha lo tih i hria a, chuti chung pawh chuan tihtawp theih lohvin i inhria mai thei.

Addiction hian i hriselna, i inlaichinna, i hnathawhna leh i nun kawng dang zawng zawngah nasa takin nghawng a nei thei a ni. Chuvangin, a chhinchhiahna i hriat veleh professional tanpuina dil chu a pawimawh hle.

Natna a ni em?

Ni e, ruihhlo ngawlvei hi damdawi lam dinhmun a ni—natna . American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) chhinchhiah dan chuan ruihhlo ngawlvei hi thluak lama natna rei tak a ni. Chak lohna emaw, thutlukna siam \ha lo emaw a ni lo. Addiction hian i thluak chemistry a tidanglam tak zet a ni . Hetiang a nih avang hian damdawi lam natna dang, zunthlum emaw thinlung natna emaw nen a inang hle.

Addiction chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Addiction hi a tlangpuiin chi hnih a awm a:

1. Substance Addiction (Clinically chuan Doctor ten Substance Use Disorders tiin an sawi thin).

2. Behavioral Addictions (Thil chi hrang hrang aiin thil tih bik addiction).

Substance addiction te hi a awm thei

Damdawi lama mithiamte chuan hengte hi Substance Use Disorders tiin an dah a. American Psychiatric Association-in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) a siamah chuan heng natna te hi hriat theihna tur tehfung chiang tak a awm a.

Heng thilte hi damdawi an pek atanga damdawi phal loh thlengin a awm thei. Entirna thenkhat han en ila:

• Zu .
• Caffeine – Ni e, mi tam tak chu coffee leh tea-a awm caffeine-ah hian an innghat thei a ni.
• Cannabis/Marijuana hman tur a ni.
• Hallucinogens – PCP leh LSD ang chi te.
• Hypnotics, sedatives, leh anxiolytics – Mut theih lohna leh lungkhamna enkawlna atana hman thin damdawi, mutna damdawi, benzodiazepines, leh barbiturates te.
• Inhalants – Paint thinner, aerosol, gas thenkhat, leh nitrites (poppers) te ang chi te.
• Opioids – Damdawi pek emaw dan loa pek emaw pawh nise, hei hian natna tidamtu codeine, Oxycodone , leh heroin te pawh a huam tel.
• Stimulants – Adderall ®, cocaine, leh methamphetamine te pawh a tel.
• Tobacco/Nicotine – Cigarette, e-cigarette, emaw vaping emaw .

Heng thilte hi an danglam hle laiin, an vai hian i thluak lawmman hmunpui chu nasa takin an tichak a, nuam tihna emaw, hlimna emaw a pe a ni. Heng thilte hman hian Substance Use Disorders a thlen thei a—mahse, a hmangtu zawng zawng hian addiction an nei vek dawn lo. Heng dinhmunte hi a na lo atanga a nasat thlengin a awm thei. Addiction hi Substance Use Disorder natna khirh ber a ni.

Nungchang lama addiction te

I thluak lawmman hmun tichaktu thiltih eng pawh hian nungchang lama addiction a nih theihna a nei a ni. Researcher-te chuan substance addiction, behavioral addiction, leh compulsive condition dang (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder emaw Bulimia Nervosa ang chi) te inmilna leh danglamna chu an zirchiang chhunzawm zel a ni.

Tunah hian Gambling Disorder hi DSM-5-a “non-substance-related disorders” category hnuaia official-a pawm, behavioral addiction awmchhun a ni.

Thiltih dangte chu zirchianna kalpui mek a nih avangin DSM-5-ah hian a la inziak kim lo. Mahse, eng thiltih emaw, tih dan emaw chuan mawhphurhna dang i ngaihthah khawpa i nun a ei zo tan a nih chuan, a nih loh leh i nitin nunphung a tibuai a, rilru, khawtlang, taksa, a nih loh leh sum leh pai lama harsatna thleng thei a nih chuan, chu chu ngaihtuahawm tak a ni.

Addictive behavior awm thei entirnan:

• Pawisa khelh dan .
• Ei leh in (Compulsive eating emaw ei leh in control theih lohna).
• Exercise emaw dieting emaw (Extreme, harmful level-a lak a nih chuan).
• Compulsive shopping tih hi a ni.
• Dawr rukbo emaw, thil dang hlauhawm tak tak emaw.
• Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanpui (compulsive sexual behavior).
• Pornography en.
• Video gaming – Internet Gaming Disorder tia hriat bawk.
• Internet hman dan (eg, phone emaw computer hman tam lutuk) – A bik takin social media chungchangah.

Addiction awm tam ber chu eng nge ni?

United States-ah chuan Alcohol Use Disorder hi a tam ber a, a dawttuah nicotine leh cannabis a awm. Kum 12 chunglam zinga 10% vel chuan zu kaihhnawih natna an nei a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi Sri Lanka-ah pawh a inang hle a, zu leh zuk leh hmuam kaihhnawih thilte hi mipui hriselna ngaihtuahawm tak a ni.

Addiction chhinchhiahnate chu engte nge ni?

Addiction symptoms hi mi leh a kaihhnawih thil emaw, nungchang emaw bik a zirin a inang lo. Heng chhinchhiahna tlanglawn thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Titawp thei lo: Thil pakhat hman tawh loh duhna nasa tak nei mah se, thil ṭha lo tak tihtawp duhna nasa tak nei mah se, i ti thei lo mai mai tih i hmu mai thei. Hlawhtling lovin vawi tam tak tihtlem i tum mai thei a, heng thiltih te hi thup emaw, i hmangaih takte hnena dawt sawi emaw a ngai tih i hre fo mai thei. Meizial zu mi pakhat, nitin, "Hei hi ka cigarette hnuhnung ber a ni," tiin mahni inhriat tir thin, mahse an insiam chhuak leh thin tih hi han ngaihtuah teh.
• Tolerance tihpun: Hun a kal zel a, a hmaa i hriat ang hlimna emaw, lungawina emaw i neih ang kha i neih theih nan, chu thil chu hman tam emaw, hun rei zawk chu chutiang thiltih chu i tel emaw a ngai tih i hmu mai thei. Entîr nân, zu tlemte in aṭanga ṭan mi chuan chutiang bawka nghawng nei tûrin hun kal zêlah nasa takin a mamawh tih a hmu thei a ni.
• Thil emaw, thiltih emaw chu nasa taka ngaihtuah: Ruihhlo ngawlvei i hmachhawn a nih chuan, chu thil emaw, thiltih emaw chu i buaipui hle thei a, i nun chu a thunun tawh ang maiin i inhria fo ṭhîn. I ni khat chhûng hun tam zâwk chu chu chu ngaihtuah chungin, chu chu i zawng chhuak thei a, a nih loh leh chutiang thila inhmang tûra i hun remchâng lo awm tûr ruahman nân i hmang thei a ni.
• Thunun theih lohna: I thil hman emaw, i thiltih nawn leh emaw chungchânga thu sawi nei lo ang maiin, ṭanpui theih lohvin i inhria thei a ni. Hei hian inthiam lohna thuk tak, lungngaihna, leh i ruihhlo ngawlvei hian i nunah nghawng a neih rit lutuk chu a thlen fo thin.
• Mimal harsatna leh hrisêlna chungchâng: Ruihhlo ngawlvei hian i nun kawng tinrêng—i taksa hrisêlna, rilru ṭhatna, mi mal inlaichînna, leh hnathawhna—a nghawng a ni. I hnathawhna hmun, sikul, a nih loh leh in lama i mawhphurhnate hlen chhuah chu i ruihhlo hman emaw, i nungchang emaw avângin i harsat phah thei a ni. Sawi nawn leh tur chuan, i ruihhlo ngawlvei hian chhiatna a thlen tih i hriat chian lai pawhin, i chawlhsan thei lo mai thei.
• Withdrawal: Chu thil hman tawh loh emaw, chutiang thila inhmang emaw i tum chuan rilru leh taksa lama harsatna nasa tak i nei thei a, chu chu withdrawal symptoms tia hriat a ni. Taksa lamah chuan hei hian khur, thawk hah, emaw, luak chhuak emaw a huam thei. Rilru lama harsatna nasa tak, lungkhamna emaw, thinrimna emaw pawh i tawk thei bawk.

Engvângin nge miten ruihhlo ngawlvei an neih?

Addiction awm chhan pakhat chauh a awm lo— dinhmun khirh tak a ni . Addiction lo awm chhan ber chu i thluak chemical process tihdanglam hi a ni.

Brain Chemistry lama inthlak danglamna

Ruihhlo leh nungchang ṭhenkhat chuan i thluak nasa takin nghawng a nei a, a bîk takin i thluak lawmman hmunpui .

Mihring kan nih angin nuam leh lungawina zawng turin biologically wired kan ni. He lawmman tam zawk hi thiltih hrisel tak tak atanga lo chhuak a ni. I hmangaih tak nena hun i hman emaw, chaw hrisel i ei emaw chuan i taksa chuan chemical dopamine tih chu a tichhuak a ni. Hei hian i rilru a ti hahdam thin. Cycle a siam a: chu thil tawn \ha tak takte chu i zawng chhuak a, a chhan chu hlim taka i awm theih nan a ni.

Ruihhlo leh nungchang thenkhat (pawisa khelh emaw, sum hmanna risky emaw ang chi) hian i thluaka dopamine chu a tichhuak nghal a, nasa takin a tichhuak bawk. Mahse, heng dopamine tam lutuk hian nunna chhawmdawlna thil tihnaah a chêttîr che ai chuan, i ngaihtuahna, i rilru put hmang, leh i nungchangte chu a ṭha lo zawngin a nghawng thei a ni.

Chuvângin, chu thil emaw, nungchang emaw chu zawng tam zâwk tûrin i inhmang thei a, chutih rualin thil hrisêl tak, hlâwkna nei tûra i ngaihvenna chu a tlahniam thei a ni.

Hun a kal zel a, heng thil emaw thiltih emaw hian i thluak chemistry chu a bulpui berah a thlak danglam thin. An lakah chuan i desensitized ta a ni. Chuvângin, tûn hmaa i hlimna level ang bawka i hriat theih nân chauh chuan chu thil emaw, thiltih emaw chu i mamawh tam zâwk a ni.

Thil thenkhat, opioids -te tan chuan, inhnukdawkna chhinchhiahna chu a nasat em avangin chu taksa leh rilru natna chu pumpelh nan chauh hman chhunzawm zel turin infuih tharna chak tak a siam a ni.

Thil dang thawhhlawk tak takte

Addiction hi thil dang engemaw zatin a nghawng a:

• Genetics: Research atanga a lan dan chuan Substance Use Disorder eng pawh vei theihna 40% atanga 60% vel chu thlahtute atanga lo chhuak a ni. Chhûngkaw member—unau emaw, nu leh pa emaw ang chi—chuan hei hi a buaipui a nih chuan, i genetic predisposition sâng zâwk i nei thei a ni. Scientist te chuan he risk-a inrawlh gene bikte hi hriatchhuah tumin hma an la mek a ni.
• Rilru hriselna dinhmun: Ruihhlo ngawlvei leh rilru hriselna chungchangah hian inzawmna nghet tak a awm a, chu chu depression , PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) , emaw bipolar disorder te hi a ni. Rilru lama harsatna nei zinga a chanve vel chuan Substance Use Disorder , leh a lehlamah pawh an nei ve bawk ang.
• Environment factors: Thil awlsam taka hmuh theihna hi environment risk factor lian tak a ni. Thil hmangtute nen in awm dun a nih chuan, emaw, damdawi ( opioid emaw stimulant emaw ang chi) hman dik loh theih tur pek i nih chuan i exposure risk a sang hle. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) te pawhin hmun pawimawh tak an chang bawk. ACEs hian naupan laia thil thleng, lungngaihna emaw, lungchhiatthlak tak tak emaw a kawk a, chu chu dam chhung zawnga hriselna lama harsatna hrang hrang nen a inzawm tlat a, chutah chuan ruihhlo ngawlvei lo chhuahna pawh a tel a ni.

Engtin nge addiction ka nei tih ka hriat theih ang? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

Addiction i hriat theih nân, i doctor chuan rilru lam doctor , psychologist , a nih loh leh ruihhlo leh zu chungchanga counselor hnênah a hruai thei che a ni. I healthcare provider chuan i (leh i chhungte pawh ni thei) i hman dan emaw, i nungchang chungchangah emaw zawhna a zawt ang che.

I doctor chuan taksa enfiahna a nei thei a, thisen emaw zun emaw test a dil thei bawk. Heng test te hian i hriselna zawng zawng chungchang hriattirna a pe a, hriselna dinhmun hnuaia awm, ngaihtuah ngai a awm leh awm loh hriat theih nan a pui bawk.

Addiction tan hian eng enkawlna nge awm?

Nirogi Lanka-ah chuan i doctor chuan enkawlna kawng hrang hrang a rawn rawt thei ang. Chûng zîngah chuan:

• Hospital enkawl dan: 1.1.Withdrawal symptom thenkhat chu thil thenkhat i tihtawp hian a hlauhawm thei hle. Specialized hospital unit-te chuan clinical monitoring leh medical treatment an pe a, chu chuan heng symptoms te hi him tak leh tha taka i enkawl theih nan a pui che a ni.
• Damdawi: Damdawi ṭhenkhat chuan duhâmna, duhâmna nasa tak, leh bânsan reng rengte tihziaawmna kawngah a ṭanpui thei a ni. Rilru lam natna dang (eg, Bipolar Disorder, Depression) i hmachhawn bawk a nih chuan, chutiang tan pawha targeted treatment i doctor chuan a pe thei bawk.
• Rehabilitation (Rehab): Hei hian "sober living" ruahmanna emaw "residential treatment" emaw a huam a ni. Rehab center-ah hian structured counseling, education, ongoing support, leh motivation te an pe thin. Facility-a i awm laiin (inpatient rehab) emaw, in lama awm laiin scheduled session-a tel (outpatient rehab) emaw hmangin enkawlna i dawng thei a ni. Rehab services-in a ngaih pawimawh ber chu hun rei tak chhunga i addiction enkawl dan tur leh nun hrisel, nghet tak siam tura puih che hi a ni.
• Therapy: Therapeutic approach hrang hrangte hian mimal tinte chu ngaihdan thar an neih theih nan leh nungchang an siam danglam thei a ni. I doctor chuan i dam lehna kawng zawh tura pui turin psychotherapy (talk therapy), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) emaw Group Therapy emaw a rawt thei che a ni.
• Support Groups: Mi tam tak chuan support group hmangin hlawhtlinna an hmu thin. Entirnan, zu ruih vanga harsatna tawkte tan Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) emaw, ruihhlo kaihhnawih avanga harsatna nei te tan Narcotics Anonymous (NA) emaw te hi a ni. Al-Anon ang pawlte hian ruihhlo hmansualna nei te chhungte leh ṭhiante tan ṭanpuina pawimawh tak an pe a ni. Heng khawtlangte hian thil tawn insemna tur leh fuihna dawng chhunzawm zelna tur hmun him tak an pe a ni.

Ruihhlo ngawlvei hneh hnuah nun hi eng ang nge a nih? (Hmuh dan tur) .

Enkawlna dik tak a awm chuan mi tam tak chuan an ruihhlo ngawlvei chu hlawhtling takin an enkawl a, nun famkim leh hrisel tak an nei zui ta a ni. Mahse, ruihhlo hman emaw, nungchang lama addiction emaw aṭanga dam leh chu thil awlsam a ni lo . I enkawlna hlawhtlinna kawngah hian ṭhian ngaihsak tak tak, chhungte, leh damdawi lam thiamte awmna support system hian hmun pawimawh tak a chang a ni.

Enkawlna tel lo chuan ruihhlo ngawlvei hian hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a, thihna pawh a thlen thei bawk. Mimal inlaichinna a tichhe thei a, sum leh pai lama harsatna a thlen thei a, dan lama buaina a siam thei bawk. Addiction enkawl loh hian i hmangaih tak takte pawh a nghawng a, a nghawng chu a chang chuan thlah tam tak chhung a awm thei bawk.

Addiction laka inven dan tur a awm em?

Addiction i neih theihna tur tihtlem nan step engemaw zat i tih theih a awm a:

• Addictive Substances hi pumpelh emaw, tihtlem emaw: I hnena pek loh thil hman loh tum ang che. Damdawi pek chhuah i hman dawnin i doctor thupek kha khauh takin zawm fo ang che. Damdawi pek tawhah i innghat chho ta nia i hriat chuan i doctor hnenah hriattir nghal rawh.
• I Chhungkaw Chanchin Hriat Rawh: I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan ruihhlo hman emaw, nungchang lama addiction emaw a neih tawh chuan i hlauhawmna a sang zawk mai thei. I doctor nen i risk tih tlem theihna tur strategy chungchang sawipui rawh.
• Stress Hrisel taka enkawl: Nun chhunga thil thleng stressful tak takte hian ruihhlo hman theihna nasa takin a tipung thei a ni. Heng hun chhung hian hrisel taka hmachhawn dan (eg, exercise, meditation, emaw hobby thar tan) hman a pawimawh hle. Stress control harsa i tih chuan mental health counselor nena inbiakna neih chu ngaihtuah rawh .

Addiction nei mi tanpui dan

Hmangaihtuin ruihhlo ngawlvei a hmachhawn tih hriat chu thil harsa leh lungkhamna mak tak a ni thei. Mahni in enkawl laiin anmahni thlawp theih dan tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Hrilhfiah Hmasa:Miin enkawlna a dawn hma chuan prognosis a tha zawk. I ngaihtuahnate sawi la, a rang thei ang bera professional support hmu turin pui rawh. Emergency helpline biak emaw, doctor emaw, rilru lam hriselna counselor emaw biak emaw, enkawlna program-a tel emaw, step 12-a inkhawmpuiah emaw tel turin rawtna siam rawh. Rorelna tel lovin i tanpuina leh thlawpna pe rawh.
• Empathy Practice: I hmangaih tak nen in inrem lo a nih pawhin, ngun takin ngaithla rawh. I hmangaih tak chuan hriatthiamna dik tak a neih nia a hriat chuan, an dam leh theihna tûra kawppui rintlak angin an ngai tam zâwk che a ni.
• Dawhthei takin awm rawh: I hmangaih tak ruihhlo ngawlvei chu "tidam" turin inbiakna pakhat emaw, thiltih pakhat emaw beisei suh. Substance hman leh nungchang lama addiction hi thil buaithlak tak, chronic conditions a ni a, "quick fixes" a awm lo.
• Mahni Inenkawl Rawh: Ruihhlo ngaite ṭhiante leh chhûngte chuan lungngaihna te, lungkhamna te, lungngaihna te, leh mahni chauhna te an nei fo ṭhîn. Mahni rilru hriselna ngaih pawimawh hmasak a pawimawh a; i buai a nih chuan nangmah tan pawh tanpuina zawng rawh. I khawtlang chhungkaw tanpuitu pawla tel ve chu ngaihtuah rawh.

Doctor hmuh a ngai em?

Addiction hi hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a ni. Nangmah emaw, i ngaihsak tu emaw chuan ruihhlo ngawlvei a tawk tih i rinhlelh chuan doctor biak nghal rawh. Professional treatment leh support group-te chuan dam lehna atana \anpuina mamawh an pe thei a ni.

A tawp bera hriat tur (Take-Home Message) .

A tawpah chuan addiction hi damdawi lam thil a ni a, chak lohna emaw, mizia dik lo emaw a ni lo tih hre reng ang che. Tu chungah pawh a thleng thei a, zunthlum emaw hypertension emaw ang bawkin. Hriat tur pawimawh tak chu dam leh theih a ni tih hi a ni.

Nang emaw, i hriat emaw tuar tuar a nih chuan nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che. Ṭanpuina dîl chu hlau suh, zak suh. Doctor emaw, counselor emaw, puitling rintlak tak emaw biak rawh. Enkawlna leh \anpuina dik tak a awm chuan mi maktaduai tam tak chuan ruihhlo ngaite chu an chhuak a, nun hlim tak leh hrisel tak an nei ta a ni. Khualzin chu a harsa thei a, kawng lakah pawh tlakchhiatna a awm thei a, mahse beidawng suh. Hei hi Nirogi Lanka puihnain hneh theihna chakna i nei a ni.

Addiction, Dam leh, Ruihhlo hman, Rilru hriselna, Professional Support