Iron tlakchhamna hi kan hre vek tawh a, chu chu thisen tlakchhamna tihna a ni, a dik em? Spinach ei tur te, spinach ei tur te, iron tablet ei tur te thurawn kan hre fo thin. Mahse taksaah thir a tam lutuk chuan eng nge thleng ang tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Ni e, chu chu harsatna lian tak a ni thei bawk. Chu chu damdawi lam chuan Hemochromatosis, a nih loh leh Iron Overload tih mai mai kan tih chu a ni. Vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar takin, awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, Hemochromatosis hi eng nge ni?
I taksa chu warehouse angin ngaihtuah rawh. Kan ei leh in a\angin kan mamawh nutrients kan la lut \hin. Chutiang eitur pawimawh tak pakhat chu iron hi a ni. Iron hi kan thisenah thisen sen (red blood cells) siam nan leh kan taksa chakna pe turin a pawimawh hle. Mahse thil dang zawng zawng ang bawkin thir tam lutuk hi ei tam lutuk a nih chuan harsatna a ni thei.
Hemochromatosis hi a buaithlak a ni. Hetiang dinhmunah hian i taksa hian ei tur atanga iron mamawh aia tam a hip lut thin. Buaina chu, kan taksa hian he thir tam lutuk hi paih chhuah dan tur a nei lo. Chuti a nih chuan taksa hian eng nge a tih? He iron tam lutuk hi taksa peng pawimawh tak tak, liver, heart, leh pancreas-ah te a awm tan thin. Kan hman loh thilte chu closet-a dah ang mai a ni. Hun a kal zel a, he iron khawlkhawm hian chu taksa pengte chu a tichhe tan a, an hnathawh pawh a tichhe tan a ni. Enkawl loh chuan nunna atana hlauhawm a ni thei. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu a hmaa hriatchhuah a nih chuan natna thunun theih vek tawh mai a ni.
Eng nge a lan chhuah dan? Chûngte chu engtikah nge an lo lan?
He natna danglam bik pakhat chu a natna lan chhuah nan hun rei tak a mamawh a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi pianpui atanga lo awm ni mahse, taksaah iron a awm khawm a, taksa peng hrang hrang a tihchhiat tan chauhvin a lan chhuah dan a ni. Hei hian kum tam tak a daih thei. Mi tam zawk chuan kum 40-50 an tlin hma chuan symptom an nei lo. Mi thenkhat chuan natna chi khat na lo tak an nei a, an dam chhung zawngin natna lanchhuahna an lantir lo thei bawk.
A lan chhuah dan ber chu eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u.
| Symptom a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Chauhna awm reng | Chhan awm lovin chau reng rengin. I mut that hnuah pawh i la chau hle. |
| Joint natna | Natna, a bik takin kut zungtang, kut zungtang, leh kut zungtang lai takah na. Hei hi "iron fist" an ti bawk. |
| Vun a thim | A vun hian grey emaw bronze emaw tint a nei thin. |
| Thinlung a rawn thawk chhuak ta | I thinlung chu a na hle tih hriatna, i rilruah a rawn thawk chhuak (arrhythmias) ang maia inhriatna. |
| Mipat hmeichhiatna lama duhna a tlahniam | Hmeichhia leh mipa pawhin mipat hmeichhiatna lama duhna tlahniam an tawng thei a ni. Mipa pawhin erectile dysfunction an nei thei bawk. |
| Upper abdominal na a awm | Dinglam sir, liver awmna hmunah chuan ruh hnuaiah na a awm thei. |
| Chhan awm lovin taksa rihna tihtlem | Diet leh exercise la lovin i thau i tihtlem a nih chuan i ngaihtuah tur a ni. |
Engvangin nge hetiang hi a lo awm? A chhan engte nge ni?
Hei hi a chhan lian ber pahnih a awm a.
1. A chhan ber: Hemochromatosis hi thlahtute atanga lo chhuak a ni
Mi tam zawk chuan he natna hi an vei chhan chu genetic defect vang a ni a, chu chu nu leh pa pahnih atanga an rochun genes inthlak danglamna tlemte vang a ni.
Hetiang hian ngaihtuah mai rawh. Kan taksaa iron lakluhna control tu gene bik a awm a. `(HFE gene)` kan ti a. Naupang tin hian he gene hi an nu hnen atangin copy khat an dawng a, an pa hnen atangin copy khat an dawng bawk. Hemochromatosis vei tur chuan an nu atanga gene copy leh an pa atanga gene copy pahnih ah hian chhiatna a awm a ngai a ni.
I nu hnen atangin lehkhabu pakhat leh i pa hnen atangin pakhat i dawng ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. He natna hi a lo awm theih nan lehkhabu pahnihah hian thir control tu page-ah hian tihsual tlem a awm a ngai a ni. Lehkhabu pakhat chauhin tihsual a neih chuan natna phurtu mai i ni. Natna i nei lovang.
Chuvangin, nu leh pa pahnihte hi he gene chhia hi kengtu ni mah se, symptoms an nei lo mai thei. Mahse, an nausen piang chuan he gene chhia copy pahnih hi a dawng a nih chuan naupang chuan natna a vei a rinawm. `(HFE gene)`-a chhiatna chi hnih hmuh tur chu `(C282Y)` leh `(H63D)` te an ni.
Chu bakah, ``Juvenile Hemochromatosis`` tih chi khat, kum naupang tak atanga lo lang, chu chu kum 15-30 inkar vel a lo lang thin a awm bawk. Gene dang ``(HJV, HAMP)`` a mutations avanga lo awm a ni.
2. Damdawi lam thil dang (Secondary Hemochromatosis) avanga lo awm .
A châng chuan, iron overload hi damdawi lam thil dang emaw, enkawlna dang emaw avanga lo awm thei a ni. Hei hi rochan a ni lo.
- Thisen pek fo: Thisen natna thenkhat (thalassemia ang chi thisen tlakchhamna ang chi) nei te chuan thisen pek an ngai fo thin. Hetianga thisen hi rei tak pek a nih chuan chu thisena thir chu taksaah a pungkhawm thei a, chu chuan hetiang dinhmun hi a thlen thei a ni.
- Liver natna khirh tak: Kan taksaa iron metabolism control tu organ lian ber chu Liver a ni. Liver hi nasa taka a chhiat (e.g. cirrhosis) a nih chuan iron hi a khawih tha thei lo a, taksaah a pung khawm thei bawk.
- Zu in tam lutuk: Zu hian thin (liver) a tichhe mai ni lovin, taksain iron a lakluhna a tipung bawk.
Thir tam lutuk hian taksaah eng chhiatna nge a thlen theih?
Kan sawi tawh ang khan thir tam lutuk hi taksa tan rimchhia ang mai a ni. He iron hian zawi zawiin taksa peng hrang hrangah a pungkhawm a, a tichhe tan ta a ni. Hei hian harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni.
| Main organs a nghawng | Harsatna lian tham tak tak awm thei |
|---|---|
| Thin | Liver lian, liver thau, cirrhosis (liver tihtlem) leh liver cancer vei theihna a sang. |
| Thinlung | Congestive heart failure, rilru lam natna (arrhythmias) te. |
| Pancreas a ni | Pancreas a chhiat chuan insulin siam chhuah a tichhe thei a, zunthlum a thlen thei bawk. Hei hi ``Diabetes Type 3c'' an ti bawk. |
| Joints te pawh a awm | Arthritis natna, ruh natna leh ruh natna. |
| Gland dangte pawh a awm | Hormone siamtu gland, pituitary gland leh thyroid gland te tihchhiat hian hormone inthlauhna a thlen thei a ni. |
Engtin nge hei hi i hmuh theih, Doctor?
A chunga kan sawi tak symptoms te hi i neih emaw, i chhungte zinga mi pakhatin hetiang natna hi a neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. Doctor chuan zawhna tlem a zawt hmasa ang che a, a enfiah ang che.
- I nu leh pa emaw, i chhungte tu emaw hian iron overload emaw, liver disease emaw an nei em tih zawt rawh.
- Iron pill emaw vitamin C supplement (vitamin C hian iron absorption a tipung) i ei em tih an zawt thin.
- Zu i in zat te an zawt thin.
Hemi hnu hian test eng emaw zat neih a ni a, natna a awm leh awm loh finfiah a ni.
- Thisen test: Hei hi test bulpui ber a ni. I thisenah hian iron level (Serum Iron), iron dahkhawmna protein (Serum Ferritin) leh iron phurtu protein chu engzat nge a khat tih (Transferrin Saturation) te enfiah a ni ang. Heng level te hi a san chuan hemochromatosis rinhlelh theih a ni.
- Genetic testing: Thisen sample lak theih a ni a, HFE gene-a chhiatna awm leh awm loh enfiah theih a ni. Hei hian inherited form i neih leh neih loh hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.
- MRI scan: Hei hian natna tel lovin liver leh heart-a iron awm zat a teh thei a ni.
- Liver biopsy: A then phei chuan liver chhiat nasat zia dik tak hriat theih nan liver atanga tissue te tak te chu needle te tak te hmangin lakchhuah a ni a, microscope hmangin an enfiah thin.
Eng nge a enkawl dan? Hei hi tihdam theih a ni em?
Ni e, hei hi enkawlna tha tak tak a awm. Enkawlna tum ber chu taksaa iron tam lutuk tihtlem a, a level pangngaia awm reng a, taksa peng hrang hrangte tihchhiat belh zel tur ven hi a ni.
Pawimawh tak chu he natna hi hriat chhuah a hma poh leh a enkawlna a hlawhtling zawk a ni. Enkawlna hi tan hmaa tan a nih chuan taksa peng hrang hrang chhiatna thenkhat pawh tihdanglam theih a ni.
Enkawl dan tlangpui engemaw zat a awm.
| Enkawl dan tur | Eng thil nge thleng? |
|---|---|
| Therapeutic Phlebotomy hmanga tihdam theih a ni | Hei hi enkawlna bulpui leh hlawk ber a ni. A awlsam zawngin, thisen pek ang mai a ni. I taksa atangin thisen tlem (a tlangpuiin 450-500 ml) chu needle hmangin lakchhuah a ni. Kan taksaa iron tam zawk hi kan thisen sen (red blood cells)-ah a awm a. Chuvangin thisen chu lakchhuah a nih chuan thir pawh chu a chhuak ve bawk. A tirah chuan kar khatah vawi khat vel tih a ngai mai thei. I iron level control a nih hnuah thla engemaw zat chhungin vawi khat chauh tih a ngai mai thei. |
| Iron Chelation hmanga enkawlna a ni | Mi thenkhat (entir nan, lung natna nei emaw, thisen tlakchhamna nei emaw) chuan thisen an pe thei lo. Hetiang enkawlna hi chutiang mite hnenah pek a ni. Hei hian iron nena inzawm damdawi pek a huam a, chu chuan taksa atanga iron chu zun leh ek ah a paih chhuak thin. He damdawi hi pill angin ei theih a ni a, injection angin pek theih a ni bawk. |
| Ei leh in dan thlak danglam | Enkawlna rual hian i ei leh in pawh i enkawl a ngai bawk.
|
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Hemochromatosis hi taksaah iron tam lutuk a khawlkhawmna a ni. Hei hi rochun a ni fo.
- Chauhna, ruh natna, vun rawng inthlak danglam ang chi symptoms te chu ngaihthah suh, a bik takin kum 40 chunglam i nih chuan.
- He natna hian taksa peng pawimawh tak tak, thin, thinlung leh pancreas te chu nasa takin a tichhe thei a ni.
- Mahse a hmaa hriatchhuah a nih a, uluk taka enkawl a nih chuan a thunun tha thei a, nun pangngai, hrisel takin i nung thei bawk.
- Hemi chungchangah hian rinhlelhna i neih chuan, a nih loh leh i chhungkuaa mi tu emaw hian he natna hi a vei a nih chuan i doctor nen inbia ngei ang che.
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