Immunohistochemistry (IHC) hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u.

I doctor hian nangmah emaw, i hriat mi emaw biopsy a order tawh em? Biopsy chu i taksa chhunga lump pakhat atanga tissue te tak te lakchhuah a, enfiah a ni. Chuvangin, lab chhunga chu tissue te tak te chu engtin tak nge tih tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Vawiin hian vawiinah hian damdawi lama hman test pawimawh tak kan sawi dawn a ni. Doctor zingah chuan immunohistochemistry , a tawi zawngin IHC an ti a.

IHC chu eng nge ni mai?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, IHC hi pathologist, natna hriat theihna lama tui doctor-te’n tissue sample-a natna chhinchhiahna zawng tura an hman ṭhin special lab test a ni.

He hming hi sei deuhin lang mah se, a awmzia chu thumal tlemtea then a nih chuan hriatthiam a awlsam hle.

• Immuno: Hei hi kan taksa immune system nen a inzawm a ni . I hria em, ramdang thil (virus, bacteria, etc.) emaw, cancer cell ang chi ramdang thil emaw kan neih hian kan taksa hriselna (immune system) hian a hre chiang hle. Heng ram dang thilte hi antigen kan ti a . Chuvangin, kan taksa hian heng antigens te hi man leh tihchhiat turin protein chi khat bik a siam thin. Antibodies an ti a . Chabiin lock a hawn ang bawkin antigen tin nena inmil antibody bik a awm bawk. IHC test-ah hian heng antibodies, lab-a siam te hi tissue sample-a natna nena inzawm antigens te chu an zawng chhuak thin a ni.
• Histo: Hei hian tissue a kawk a ni . Chumi awmzia chu he test hi i taksa atanga tissue lak chhuah pakhatah tih a ni tihna a ni.
• Chemistry: Hei hian thil te tak te, microscope chauha hmuh theih tur, chemical method hmanga zir chian tihna a ni.

Engtikah nge IHC test hi tih thin?

Tunlai hian IHC testing hi thil tam takah hman a ni. A thu hriatte hian i doctor tan i tana enkawlna tha ber thlan kawngah a pui thei hle a ni.

Tin, damdawi thar zawn chhuahna kawngah pawh IHC hi a pawimawh hle bawk. Natna avanga kan cell-a inthlak danglamna awmte hrethiam turin zirchiangtute a pui a ni.

Engtin nge he test hian hna a thawh?

Hei hi a bulpui ber chu a awlsam hle. Lock (antigen) atana key (antibody) dik tak zawn ang mai a ni.

I tissue sample-ah cancer cell i nei ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Chu cancer cell-te chuan an chung lamah antigen (marker) an nei a, chu chu anmahni ta bik a ni. Lab-a i tih tur chu chu antigen nena inzawm tura siam bik antibody hman hi a ni.

Hetiang kalphung hi hetiang hi a ni:

1. Pathologist chuan antibody thlan tawhah enzyme pakhat a dah a. He enzyme hi signal tlemte ang mai a ni.

2. He antibody mixture hi tissue sample siam tawh chungah dah a ni.

3. Sample-ah chuan chu natna nena inzawm antigen a awm chuan kan antibody dah chu a stick ang (lock chhunga key fit ang maiin).

4. Hetianga a stick chuan antibody-a enzyme inzawm chu a thawk chhuak a, chu hmunah chuan rawng bik a siam a ni.

5. A tawp berah chuan microscope hmanga kan en chuan a rawng hrang hrangte chu chiang takin a lang. Chumi awmna hmunah chuan natna nena inzawm antigens a awm tihna a ni a, chu chu natna a awm tih kan nemnghet thei tihna a ni.

He result hi 100% a dik tur chuan heng step te hi uluk tak leh dik takin lab-ah tih a ngai a ni.

Sample test tur buatsaih

Tissue sample hi uluk taka buatsaih a pawimawh hle.

• Tissue humhalh: Taksa atanga lakchhuah a nih chuan tissue chhunga cell te chu zawi zawiin an thi tan thin. Hei hi tihtawp nan chuan tissue chu formalin ang chemical-ah dahin "fixed" a ni. Hei hian tissue structure chu a vawng tha reng a ni.
• Antigens te chu hmuh theih a nih theih nan enfiah: A châng chuan, he fixing process hian antigens te chu a tikhawlo thei a ni. Tichuan, antibody te chu an inzawm thei lo. Chuvangin, "antigen retrieval" tih special process hmangin occluded antigens te chu re-expose leh a ni.
• Block similar structures: A chang chuan kan antibodies te hian kan zawn mek antigen tak tak nen a inang thil dang an inzawm thei bawk. Mi dik tak tana ruat chair-a midang thu ang mai a ni. Hei hi ven nan hian structure inang chiah chiah te chu kan block hmasa thin. Tichuan antibody chu target dik takah chauh a binding ang.

Antibody dik tak thlan chhuah

Pathologist chuan an thil zawn antigen atan antibody chi dik tak an thlang tur a ni. A chi hnih a awm a.

IHC test-ah hian tihkhawtlai leh chhiatna a awm em?

Ni e, test zawng zawng ang bawkin he test hian tihkhawtlai engemaw zat a nei.

Harsatna lian ber pakhat chu IHC test step tin atan khawvel pum huapa pawm standard guidelines a awm loh vang a ni. Chuvangin lab hrang hranga hman dan leh chemical hman dan pawh a inang lo deuh thei a, result pawh a inang lo deuh thei a ni.

Chu bâkah, a châng chuan a rah chhuah a dik lo thei bawk.

Hetiang thil hi ven nan hian lab tha tak takah quality control procedure an nei thin. Chu chu, test tak tak an tih hmain, natna nei kan hriat tissue-ah antibody chu a thawk tha em tih an test thin tihna a ni.

IHC hi biopsy nen a inang em?

Ni lo, mahse an pahnih inkarah hian inzawmna lian tak a awm.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, biopsy chu i taksa atanga tissue thenkhat lakchhuahna a ni. IHC hi chu tissue piece chu lab-a enfiah dan a ni. Phên dangin sawi ila, IHC hi biopsy hnua test a ni.

IHC hi damdawi lam thil mak tak a ni tak zet a ni. Doctor ten natna chhinchhiahna, mit ngeia hmuh theih loh a hmuh theih phah a ni. He test atanga information kan hmuh hi cancer ang chi natna dona leh enkawlna dik thlan kawngah a hlu hle.