I taksa peng hrang hrangah thisen kal a tlahniam em? Ischemia chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

Taksa hmun thenkhatah thisen a luang tha lo tih i hre ngai em? Chutiang a nih chuan chu hmunte chuan oxygen an hmu tlem a, chu chuan harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni. Hei hi a pawi tak zet thei a ni. Vawiin hian he ischemia an tih hi kan sawi dawn a ni. Eng nge a nih tak tak, engvangin nge a lo awm tih leh eng nge i tih theih tih hi han thlir ila.

Ischemia hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Ischemia chu i taksa peng pakhatin thisen a hmuh tlem vang a ni. Tunah chuan kan thisen hian taksa chhunga cell leh tissue tinah oxygen a phur lut tih i hre ta. Chuvangin thisen kal a tlahniam chuan oxygen pek chhuah zat pawh a tlahniam tihna a ni. Hei hi buaina tak tak chu a ni, a chhan chu kan cell te hian nung turin oxygen an mamawh a ni.

A tam zawkah chuan thisen kalna kawng (artery) a tawi emaw, thisen kalna kawng (blood vessel) a inkharkhip emaw vang a ni.

A châng chuan he ischemia natna hi a na vak lo thei a, harsatna lian tham a thlen lo thei bawk. Amaherawhchu, hun kal zelah zawi zawiin a na zual thei a, a na zual thei bawk. A nasat em em a, chu chu cell tam tak an thih tihna a nih chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. Chuvang chuan hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.

Ischemia chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Ischemia hian taksa peng hrang hrang a nghawng thei a ni. A nghawng na hmun azirin kan thliar hrang thin. A chi hrang hrang hmuh tur a awm a, chungte chu:

• Myocardial ischemia: Hei hi heart muscle-a thisen kalna a tlahniam chuan a lo awm thin a ni. Hei hi kan hriat vek tawh heart attack thlentu ber a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, thinlung hi pump ang mai a ni a, non-stop a thawk a ni. Thisen a hmuh tawk loh chuan engtin nge ni ang?
• Mesenteric ischemia: Hetiang dinhmun hi kan intestines ang chi digestive system hmun thenkhata thisen petu thisen kalna kawngte a block hian a lo awm thei a ni. Hei hi eng emaw chen chu a tlem hle a, mahse a na thei a, a rang thei bawk.
• Peripheral or limb ischemia: Hei hi kut emaw ke emawa thisen kal tlem a nih chuan a ni. A chang chuan i kal laiin ke a na a, mahse rei vak lo i din hnuah chauh a dam leh thin. A nasat chuan kut emaw ke emaw pawh a paralyze thei.
• Ischemic stroke: Hei hi thluak khawihtu a ni a, thluaka thisen petu thisen kalna kawng a block a, thluak hmun thenkhat a tichhia a, chu chuan oxygen a tlakchham phah a ni. Hei hi a hlauhawm hle a, a chhan chu thluak cell te hi vawi khat an thih chuan an lo piang thar thei lo.
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA): Hei hi thluaka thisen kal dan a tlahniam rei lo hle bawk. Stroke natna lan chhuah dan nen inang mah se, darkar 24 chhungin a reh tlangpui a, minute tlemte chhungin a reh fo thin. Mahse, stroke lian tak a lo thleng dawn tih hriattirna a ni! Chuvangin TIA i neih chuan Damdawi lam pan vat tur a ni.

He natna hi engtiang chiahin nge ischemia an tih?

Dik tak chuan he ischemia hi i ngaihtuah aiin a tam zawk hle. Ngaihtuah teh, khawvela thihna thlentu ber chu thinlung natna a ni. Tin, stroke chungchang sawi dawn chuan a tam zawk hi ischemic stroke an ni. Entirnan, America ang ramah chuan second 40 danah mi pakhatin stroke a nei thin an ti.

Khawvel pumah mi maktaduai 200 chuang zetin peripheral artery disease (PAD) an vei a ni. Heng zinga 11% vel hian chronic limb-threatening ischemia an nei a ni.

Mahse, a chunga kan sawi tak mesenteric ischemia hi a tlem deuh. Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-a damlo natna khirh tak takah hmuh tur a awm tam ber.

Ischemia natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Ischemia symptoms hi taksa chhunga thisen supply tlakchhamna hmun a zirin a inang lo. Chu chu thinlungin thisen a tlakchham laia a lan chhuah dan a ni lo va, kein thisen a tlakchham huna a lan chhuah dan a ni. A lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat han thlir ila:

• Angina, chu chu rilru natna emaw, tightness emaw a ni: Hei hi myocardial ischemia symptom lian tak a ni. I rilruah pressure emaw, rit emaw dah ang maiin a awm thei. A châng chuan, he natna hi i kut veilam, i kawr emaw, i hmui emaw thlengin a radiate thei bawk.
• Thâwk hahdam: Thâwk hahna i nei thei a, i hah deuh lai pawhin.
• Lightheadedness or dizziness: Luak chhuak, lu hah emaw, muhil emaw tih hriatna.
• Thusawi harsa: Thusawi thiam lo, chiang taka sawi thiam loh, leh mi dangte hriatthiam loh. Hei hi a bik takin thluak ischemia chhinchhiahna a ni.
• Coordination hloh: Kal laiin tlu, balance hloh nghal, thil chelh harsa.
• Kut emaw ke emaw natna: Natna chu a lo thleng nghal thei a, a nih loh leh thil i tih laiin a lo lang thei bawk (e.g., kal laiin i ke a na). He natna hi hun rei vak lo chawlh hnuah a reh thei a, mahse hnathawh i tan leh hunah chuan a lo let leh thei thung.
• Kut emaw ke emaw chu a hring emaw a vawt emaw a ni: Chu kut/ke chu a sir lehlamah a lum zawkin a hria a, a rawng pawh a danglam a, a sen pawh a ni thei.
• Kut emaw ke emaw a hring emaw, a hring emaw (Paresthesia): Pin leh needle ang maiin a lang a, a nih loh leh a hmun chu a hring emaw a rit emaw a ni.
• Pum (belly) na tak: Pum na, tuar theih loh khawpa natna. Hei hi mesenteric ischemia chhinchhiahna a ni thei.
• Severe bloating: Pum na tak, pum chhunga gas khat ang maia inhriatna.
• Diarrhea: Diarrhea hi a chang chuan thisen nen a inzawm thei bawk.
• Pum natna, luak chhuak, leh luak chhuak.

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan ngaihthah suh. Damdawi lam thurawn lak nghal a tha ber. A bik takin i rilru natna emaw, tawng harsa emaw ang chi symptom i neih chuan damdawi in pan nghal tur a ni.

Ischemia awm chhante chu engte nge ni?

Ischemia hi thil pakhatin thisen kalna kawng atanga tissue-a thisen kal tur a tihkhawtlai hian a awm thin. A chang chuan taksa pumpuiah thisen sang hniam emaw, oxygen level hniam emaw a awm rei chuan "global ischemia" an tih natna a awm thei.

Ischemia thlentu ber chu:

• Atherosclerosis: Hei hi a chhan ber a ni. A awlsam zawngin, thisen kalna kawng chhungah thau (cholesterol kan ti) a lo awm khawm a, chu chuan thisen kalna kawng bang a ti thim a, a hawnna te chu a ti tawi a ni. Hei hian thisen a luang tha thei lo.
• Thisen zam: Thisen zam hi thisen kalna kawng chhungah a lo piang a, thisen kalna kawng a tikhawlo thei a ni. He thisen zam hi hmun dangah pawh a lo awm thei a, thisen nen hian a kal dun thei a, vein pakhatah a tang thei bawk.
• Abdominal hernia strangulation: A châng chuan hernia chhungah intestine ṭhenkhat chu strangulated a ni thei a, chu chuan a thisen kal chu a titawp thei a ni.
• Thisen sang hniam tak: Thisen sang a tlak hniam lutuk chuan thinlung hian taksa peng hrang hrang, a bik takin hmun hla tak takah thisen pump chhuah a harsat thin.
• Vasculitis: Hei hi thisen kalna kawng a inflammation a ni. Hei hian vein a ti tawi thei bawk.
• Damdawi hmanrua: Surgery thenkhatah te, nunna chhanhimna hmanrua nena inzawm a nih chuan emaw, thisen kalna kawnga hmanrua dah a nih avangin thisen kalna tur a tikhawlo thei a ni.

Eng thil nge ischemia vei theihna tipung?

Mi thenkhat chuan midang aiin ischemia an vei tam zawk. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

• Taksa hmun dangah ischemia a awm tawh chuan.
• Thisen sang emaw, thisen sang hniam emaw.
• Thisenah cholesterol level sang tak a awm.
• Zunthlum (Diabetes Mellitus) natna a ni.
• Taksa tihchak loh.
• Obesity tih awmzia chu thau lutuk tihna a ni.
• Kal natna rei tak (CKD) a awm.
• Zuk leh hmuam thil hman (meizial zuk, meikhu tel lo tobacco).
• A hmaa heart attack i lo neih tawh chuan.
• A hmaa stroke i lo neih tawh chuan.
• Mut theih lohna (sleep apnea) a awm.
• Thisen zam (blood clotting disorder) a awm.
• Damdawi thenkhat, entirnan, naupai venna damdawi.

Heng risk factor pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan ischemia ven nan control hi a pawimawh hle.

Ischemia avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Ischemia hi enkawl tha a nih loh chuan oxygen tel lovin cell te an thih tan avangin harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni.

• Heart attack: Hei hi heart muscle-a thisen supply a tawp chuan a thleng thin.
• Critical limb ischemia: Kut emaw ke emawa thisen kalna nasa taka tihtlem a, chu hmun chu a thih phah thinna a ni. A ke tan pawh a ngai mai thei.
• Stroke: Thluak lama thisen kal a reh chuan.
• A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. Transient ischemic attack (TIA).
• I intestine te perforation: Intestine-in thisen a hmuh tlem chuan intestinal wall chu a chak lo thei a, a perforated thei bawk.
• Gangrene, tissue thih leh ro natna: Hei hi natna hrik nen pawh a inzawm thei bawk.

Chuvangin ischemia symptoms a lan veleh doctor thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge ischemia hi i hriat theih?

Ischemia symptoms i neih chuan doctor i hmuh hunah i symptoms leh a hmaa i natna i neih tawh zawng zawng a zawt ang che. Chumi hnuah chuan taksa enfiahna a nei ang a, i harsatna awmna hmun chu chiang takin a en ang. Hei bakah hian a natna hriat chian nan test thenkhat a ti dawn bawk a ni. ('நிரணய' tih chu Sinhala tawng "தஹாவுரு" ang chi hmangin siamthat a ni).

Revised: Chu bakah, test thenkhat chu diagnosis finfiah turin order a ni thei bawk.

Hei hi hriat theih nan eng test nge tih thin?

Ischemia a awm leh awm loh, a nasat dan leh a awmna hmun hriat nan test hrang hrang hman theih a ni. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Thisen test: Lung chhiatna, cholesterol level, leh zunthlum te enfiah thin ang che.
• Ankle-brachial index test: Kea thisen kal that loh enfiahna atana test awlsam tak a ni.
• Doppler ultrasound: Hei hi thisen kal tlanga thisen kal dan leh blockage a awm leh awm loh hriat nan hman theih a ni.
• Echocardiogram: Ultrasound test hmanga thinlung hnathawh dan enfiah a ni a, heart chamber leh valve te pawh a tel.
• Angiogram: Thisen kalna kawngah tui bik an inject a, X-ray hmangin thisen kalna kawng (veins)-a blockage leh narrowing awmna hmun dik tak hriat theih a ni.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) hmanga tihchhuah a ni.
• CT (Computed Tomography) hmanga tih a ni.
• Exercise stress test neih dan tur:Exercise i tih hian i thinlungin a chhan dan an en thin.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Thinlung electric hnathawh dan record a ni.
• PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography scan): Tissue-a thisen kal zat ang chi thil a hmu thei.

Doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirin heng test te hi engtin nge i tih ang tih a rel ang.

Ischemia hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Ischemia enkawlna tum ber chu taksa oxygen tlakchhamna hmuna thisen kal dan tur dik tak siam leh a ni. Hei hi damdawi ei te, nunphung tihdanglam te, leh damdawi lam thil tih dan emaw, surgery emaw hmanga tih theih a ni.

Damdawi chi hrang hrang

• Thisen sang tihhniamna damdawi: Thisen sang i neih chuan.
• Cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi: Atherosclerosis control.
• Anticoagulants - Thisen tithianghlimtu: Thisen zam lo awm tur venna leh thisen zam awmsa lo lian zel tur tihtawp.
• Antiplatelets: Hei hi thisen zam (e.g. aspirin) tihziaawmna damdawi chi khat a ni.
• Thrombolytics - Thisen zam tichhe thei damdawi: Hengte hi thisen kalna kawngkhar chu thisen zam (e.g., heart attack, stroke)-in a tihkhawtlai thut chuan pek thin a ni.
• Infection a awm chuan antibiotics pek a ni.

Nunphung a inthlak danglam thin

Hengte hi a pawimawh hle a, a chhan chu damdawi ei ringawt pawh a tawk lo.

• Kar khatah ni nga tal taksa exercise la, ni khatah minute 30 tal exercise la.
• Rihna hrisel tak vawn reng.
• Zuk leh hmuam thil ei loh zawng zawng.
• Ei leh in tha tak hmang rawh: Thei, thlai, greens, leh fiber tamna ei tur tam zawk ei rawh. Oil, sugar leh chi te chu tihtlem la.

Surgery emaw damdawi lam thil dang emaw

A châng chuan damdawi ei ringawt pawh a tawk lo a nih chuan doctor-te chuan hetiang hi an ti thei a:

• Angioplasty leh stenting: Thisen kalna kawng zim tawh chu balloon ang chi hmangin an inflated a, a zim leh tawh loh nan mesh ang chi device (stent) te tak te an dah bawk.
• Thrombectomy: Thisen kalna kawngkhar a thisen zam (blood clot) lakchhuahna.
• Peripheral artery bypass surgery: Thisen kalna tur kawng thar siam turin artery thar emaw artificial vein emaw chu blocked artery nen inzawm tir a ni.
• Atherectomy: Thisen kalna kawng chhunga thau (plaque) awm tawhte chu a paih chhuak thin.
• Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG): Hei hi thinlung thisen kalna kawng hrang hranga bypass surgery tih a ni.
• Endarterectomy: Artery chhunga thau layer awm chu paih chhuah nan surgery a ni.
• Laparoscopic surgery emaw laparotomy: Hengte hi pum chhunga ischemic condition hrang hranga surgery tih a ni.

Ischemia ka neih chuan eng nge thleng ang?

Ischemia chi hrang hrang hi i hriselna atan a hlauhawm hle. I cell te hian dam khawchhuahna atana an mamawh oxygen an hmu lo tihna a ni. Mi zawng zawng dinhmun a inang lo. Mahse, enkawlna i hmuh hma chuan a rah chhuah a tha zawk. Entirnan, kut emaw ke emaw-a limb ischemia i neih chuan operation i neih nghal chuan limb chhanchhuah theihna chance 93% i nei a ni. Mahse ischemia a lo chhuah atanga darkar 8 chhunga operation i neih chuan chu percentage chu 78%-ah a tlahniam a ni.

Ngaihtuah teh, thluak emaw thinlung emaw ang chi taksa peng pawimawh takah ischemia a awm a nih chuan enkawl nghal mai chu nunna leh thihna inthlauhna a ni thei. Minute tin hi a chhiar tel vek. Chu chu ischemia avanga chhiatna thlen zat leh i dam chhung zawnga nghawng a neih dan tur a hril a ni.

Engtin nge ischemia vei theihna tihziaawm theih ang?

Vanneihthlak takin ischemia kan vei theihna tur tihtlem nan thil tam tak kan tih theih a awm a:

• Chaw tha tak tak ei rawh: thei, thlai, legumes, leh whole grains ang chi thil.
• Tui in tam: Tui tlakchham loh tur.
• Zuk leh hmuam thil siam hi pumpelh vek rawh.
• Taksa exercise pangngaiah inhmang rawh.
• Zunthlum, thisen sang, leh cholesterol sang, ischemia thlen thei dinhmunte enkawl rawh.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Ischemia i neih chuan doctor-in a tih ang chiah chiah, ni khat pawh tlai lovin i damdawi ei a pawimawh hle. Damdawi i ei theihnghilh chuan i phone-ah alarm set rawh. A nih loh leh nitin i damdawi ei tur inrual taka awm reng turin pill organizer hmang rawh.

Ischemia chi hrang hrang i neih pawhin nitin nunphung thlak danglamin, ischemia thlentu tur thil dang i enkawl thei a ni.

Engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang?

I doctor nena i follow-up appointment te chu lo thlir ve suh. Harsatna bo lo emaw, lo thleng leh zel emaw chu hrilh rawh. I damdawi ei avanga side effect awm thei te chu hrilh rawh. Surgery emaw damdawi dang emaw i neih tawh chuan i dam leh tawh loh enfiah turin follow-up i nei bawk tur a ni.

Engtikah nge Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ah ka kal ang ?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh:

• Vawikhatmah, pum na na tak.
• Heart attack emaw stroke emaw chhinchhiahna: (e.g. rilru natna nasa tak, thawk harsa, tawng harsa, hmai sir khata tlu, kut pakhata bengchheng).
• Ke emaw ke emaw natna tuar theih loh.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I doctor hnenah hetiang zawhna hi i zawt thei ang:

• Damdawi min pek hi eng chen nge ka ei a ngaih?
• Ischemia chi dang ka neih theihna tur risk chu eng nge ni?
• Ka natna hmuhchhuah avang hian ka fate leh chhungkaw member dangte chu ischemia vei theihna chance a sang zawk em?
• Eng chen nge ka hmuh ang che?

Ischemia nena inzawm medical emergency i tawk tawh a nih chuan eng nge i beisei leh ang tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. I doctor chuan i enkawlna kawng zawh turte chu a kaihruai thei che a ni. Mahse i nitin nunah eng inthlak danglamna nge i siam dawn tih pawh i ngaihtuah tel tur a ni – hun rei lote chhung atan pawh nise. Hei hi i thiante leh chhungte i chhehvela i inkhawm hun a ni. Ṭanpui an duh viau mai thei a, mahse engtin nge an hre lo mai thei. I dam leh lai hian hna thawk turin emaw, hnathawhna hmunah tanpui turin emaw hrilh rawh. Mi dangte chuan i hlauhthawnna chu an tiziaawm thei a, an nuih tir thei che a ni. Midangte thlawpna chu i dam lehna kawngah nasa takin a pui thei a ni.

Thupui tawi (Take-Home Message) 1.1.

Chuvangin, Ischemia hi a awlsam zawngin kan taksa peng pakhatah thisen kal tlem avanga oxygen tlakchhamna a ni. Hei hian taksa peng eng pawh a nghawng thei a, thinlung, thluak, ke leh ke leh intestines te pawh a nghawng thei a ni. Symptoms a lan veleh damdawi lam pan vat a pawimawh a, enkawl vat chuan chhiatna nasa tak a veng thei a ni.

Ngaihtuah buai suh, ischemia enkawlna tha tak tak a awm. Hetiang dinhmun hi nunphung hrisel tak kan hman a, risk factors control-in kan veng thei bawk. Doctor thurawn zawm a, checkup neih fo a pawimawh bawk. Nangmah chauh i ni lo va, he zinkawngah hian tanpui thei tur che mi tam tak an awm bawk.

` Ischemia, Ischemia, Thisen kal dan, Oxygen tlakchham, Lung natna, Stroke, Symptoms, Enkawl dan, Atherosclerosis