I genetic map: Karyotype Test chungchang hi a awlsam zawngin i zir dawn nia

Engtin nge kan mit rawng, vun rawng, leh sam rawng ang chi thil kan hmuh theih tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Heng zawng zawng hi kan nu leh pa hnen atanga kan rochun genes atanga teh a ni. Heng genes te hi chromosome-ah felfai takin an dah khawm a. Chuvangin, a châng chuan heng chromosome-ah hian inthlâk danglamna, belhchhahna, tihtlem emaw engemaw zat a awm thei a ni. Chuvangin chutiang inthlak danglamna zawngtu test bik kan ti a ni.

A awlsam zawngin Karyotype Test tih hi eng nge ni?

I taksaa cell tin chhungah hian i chanchin kimchang tak awmna lehkhabu dahna a awm tih han ngaihtuah teh. He lehkhabu dahna hmuna lehkhabu awmte hi chromosome an ti a. A vaiin mi hrisel pakhat hian heng lehkhabu pahnih pahnih, lehkhabu 46 a nei a ni. Chung zinga a chanve chu kan nu hnen atangin kan dawng a, a chanve dang chu kan pa hnen atangin kan dawng bawk.

Karyotype test chu heng chromosomes te hi i cell atanga lakchhuah a, "picture" lakna test a ni. Tichuan chiang takin kan hmu thei ang, .

• Chromosome 46 chiah a awm em?
• Chromosome a tlahniam tawh em? Nge a pung em?
• An pianzia, an lian leh te, a nih loh leh an inrem danah thil danglam a awm em?

Chutiang thil danglam tak atang chuan genetic disorder thenkhat chungchangah clues kan hmu thei a ni.

He test hi tute nge mamawh? Eng dinhmunah nge?

He test hi dinhmun hrang hrangah a pawimawh thei hle. Eng nge an nih i en ang u.

Test hmain inbuatsaih a ngai em?

A tlangpuiin he test hi inbuatsaih vak a ngai lo. Mahse, tun hnaia thisen pek i nih chuan i doctor hnenah i hrilh tur a ni . Test i neih hmain ni engemaw zat nghah turin a ti thei che a ni.

A then phei chuan i doctor chuan test hma darkar engemaw zat chaw nghei (ei leh in loh) turin a fuih thei che a ni. Chuvangin, test hmaa i zawm tur bik a awm leh awm loh i doctor zawt hmasa phawt a tha.

Karyotype test tih dan hrang hrang

He test atana cell sample mamawh hi i mamawh leh dinhmun a zirin lak theih dan kawng hrang hrang a awm.

• Thisen Test: Hei hi hmanraw hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Puitling, nausen leh naupang tê tê tan hman a ni.
• Bone Marrow Aspiration leh Biopsy: Cancer emaw thisen kaihhnawih natna, leukemia emaw nei te hnen atangin ruhro sample lak leh test a ni.
• Amniocentesis: Naupai lai hian nausen pum chhunga naute chhehvel amniotic fluid sample lak a, test a ni.
• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Naupai laiin nausen chawmtu nausen atanga cell sample lakna test a ni.

Thisen test laiin eng nge thleng?

Hei hi a awlsam hle a, minute tlemte chhungin tihfel theih a ni.

1. Lab-ah chuan i kut a vein pakhat atangin thisen tlemte chu needle te tak te hmangin lakchhuah a ni ang.

2. Pricking pain tlemte chauh i nei.

3. Tube-ah thisen chu la khawm la, needle chu la chhuakin, a hmunah chuan bandage te tak te hmangin hnawih rawh.

Engtin nge bone marrow sample i lak ang?

Hei hi cancer (oncologist) emaw thisen natna (hematologist) lama tui doctor-in a ti tlangpui.

1. Mi \henkhat chu zu rui anga an inhriat theih nan damdawi pek an ni.

2. I sir emaw, i pum emaw lam hawiin i muhil ang.

3. A tlangpuiin hip ruh chunglam lamah numbing damdawi an inject thin.

4. Chumi hnuah ruh chhungah needle te tak te dahin ruhro tui sample leh tissue chi khat sample lak a ni. Hetih lai hian pressure emaw, natna emaw tlem i nei thei.

Amniocentesis test neih chhung hian eng nge thleng?

Hei hi naupai kar 15 leh kar 20 inkarah tih a ni tlangpui.

1. I mut tir ang a, scan (ultrasound) tih a ni ang.

2. Scan en lai hian i pum kaltlangin i nausen pum chhungah needle te tak te dah lut a, naute tichhe lo turin fimkhur rawh.

3. He needle hi amniotic sac-ah dahin, tui sample lak a ni a, needle chu lakchhuah a ni. Hetih lai hian kang emaw, stinging sensation emaw tlem i nei thei.

Engtin nge Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) hi an tih thin?

Hei hi naupai kar 10 leh kar 13 inkarah tih a ni tlangpui.

1. Hei pawh hi scan enin tih a ni.

2. Hei hi kawng hnih a awm. Pakhat chu nausen (placenta) sample lak a ni a, chu chu vagina kaltlangin serh chhungah tube te tak te dahin a ni.

3. A dang, amniocentesis ang chi chu, pum chhungah needle dahin, nausen atanga cell sample lak a ni.

Heng test-ah hian risk a awm em?

Medical test dang ang bawkin, hlauhawmna tenau tak tak a awm bawk. Mahse, lungngai suh, risk lian tak tak a awm tlem hle.

• Thisen test laiin: Puncture na hmunah hian hliam, thisen chhuak tlem, emaw natna a awm thei.
• Bone marrow sample lak lai hian: Thisen chhuah, hliam, natna hrik emaw, natna emaw a awm thei a, chu chu needle puncture hmunah hian a awm thei.
• Amniocentesis emaw CVS test hmang hian: Thisen chhuah tenau, hliam, leh uterine infection te hi a tlem hle. Nau pai theihna pawh a tlem hle (CVS vei mi 100 zinga pakhat vel, amniocentesis nei mi 200 zinga pakhat aia tlem).

I doctor chuan heng hlauhawmnate hi chipchiar zawkin a hrilhfiah ang che.

Results hmuh theih nan eng chen nge hun a duh? A result hian eng nge a awmzia?

Test result a lo let leh theih nan kar engemaw zat a ngai tlangpui. He hun chhung hi doctor zawt rawh.

A result chu "abnormal" a nih chuan i emaw i naute emaw chromosome-ah inthlak danglamna a awm tihna a ni. Hei hian genetic condition thenkhat hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui thei a ni. Entir nan:

• Down Syndrome (Down Syndrome or Trisomy 21): Thil hriatna lama hmasawnna leh taksa thanlenna tikhawtlai thei natna a ni.
• Edwards Syndrome (Edwards Syndrome or Trisomy 18): Chu chu lung, kal leh thinlung lama harsatna lian tak thlentu a ni.
• Patau Syndrome: Nausen pum chhunga nausen piang chak lohna leh nau piang rit lo tihna a ni.
• Turner Syndrome: Hmeichhe naupangte zingah mipat hmeichhiatna lama mizia lo piang chhuak thei lo natna a ni.