Knee joint chungchang hi a awlsam zawngin i zir ang u. Hetah hian i khup chungchang sawifiahna kimchang chu a awm!

Ni khatah vawi engzat nge kan khup kan ben a, kan tidik? Ngaihtuah teh... Zing kan thawh atanga zan mut thlengin kan khup hi kan thil tih zawng zawngah te chuan kan hmang vek tawh. Kan kal lai te, kan tlan lai te, stairs kan chhoh lai te, leiah kan thut lai te, car kan khalh lai te, cricket kan khelh lai te, ball kan pet tura kan inbuatsaih lai te hian... kan khup ruh hian heng zawng zawngah hian min pui thin. Mahse, a insiam dan leh a hnathawh dan chiang takin kan hre em? A chang chuan khup na hi eng nge a chhan? Vawiin hian heng zawng zawng hi i hriatthiam theih tur awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, he khup ruh hi eng nge ni?

Knee joint hi i thigh leh i ke hnuai lam inzawmkhawmtu joint a ni. Dik tak chuan kan taksa ruh lian ber a ni.

Joint dang zawng zawng ang bawkin khup hi kan ruhro (skeletal system)-a tel a ni. Mahse ruh chauh a ni lo. Tin, cartilage, muscle, ligament leh nerve te pawh a huam tel bawk. Heng zawng zawng hian thawhhona tha tak neiin he mechanism mak tak, khup an tih hi an siam chhuak ta a ni.

Khup hnathawh ber chu kan taksa rit phurh a, kan ke kan ben leh kan chet tir a ni. Dik tak chuan, khup hian i ke hmanga i tih zawng zawng deuhthaw chu a pui a ni.

Khup na i neih chuan ngaihthah suh. Doctor hmu nghal rawh. I natna chhan leh i natna lan chhuah dan dangte chu a hmuchhuak thei a, i dinhmun pangngaia i awm leh theihna tur damdawi a pe thei bawk.

Chuvangin he khup ruh hian kan taksa tan eng service nge a pek tih hi ngun zawkin han thlir ila.

Khup hi eng ang joint nge ni?

Damdawi lamah chuan ruh (joint) hi a awm dan leh a hnathawh dan azirin an thliar hrang thin.

Khup hi synovial joint a ni a . Hetiang joint hian zalenna a nei nasa hle. Ruh pakhat chu socket-a ruh dangah a in fit theih angin an siam a ni. Heng ruh tawp lam hi hyaline cartilage tia koh, hyaline cartilage tih hming pu, hnim hring, hnim hring tak hian a khuh a ni. Tin, ruh pahnih inkar gap awm chu luah khattu synovial fluid an tih lubricating fluid a awm bawk. He tui hi sac ang chi (synovial membrane) ah a awm a. He extra cushion hian khup ang chi joint te chu friction awm lovin a kal awlsam thei a ni.

Movement lamah chuan khup hi hinge joint a ni . Kawngkhar chunga hinge ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Kawngkhar hinge hi kawng khatah chauh a inhawng thei a, a khar thei bawk a ni lawm ni? Chutiang bawkin khup pawh hi kawng khatah (hma leh hnunglam) chauh a ben thei a, a inzar pharh thei bawk.

Khup ruh hi eng atanga siam nge ni?

He complex structure, knee joint tia koh hi a bulpui panga a awm a:

• Ruh te
• Cartilage a ni
• Ligaments (ligaments) te
• Muscle te hi a ni
• Nerves a awm

Hengte hi pakhat hnu pakhatin awlsam takin han thlir ila.

### Ruh

Ruh lian pathum chu an inzawm khawm a, khup ruh (knee joint) an siam a.

Heng ruhte inzawmna hmunte hi articulating surface an ti a. Khup chhungah hian chutiang joint pahnih a awm a. Pakhat chu khup leh ke ruh inkar (patellofemoral articulation) a ni a, pakhat chu khup ruh leh ke ruh inkar (tibiofemoral articulation) a ni.

### Cartilage a awm

Cartilage hi connective tissue chak tak, flexible tak a ni a, shock absorber angin a thawk a, kan ruhte a venghim bawk. Khup chhungah hian cartilage chi hnih a awm a.

1. Hyaline cartilage: Hei hi kan taksaa cartilage chi hrang hrang awm tam ber a ni. Doctor thenkhat chuan articular cartilage an ti bawk. A nem hle a, a hnim hle bawk. Tile hnim hring, polih tha tak ang mai a ni. Hei vang hian ruh pahnih chu mumal tak leh na lo takin an che thin. Thigh bone, shin bone leh kneecap inhnaih tawnna hmunte chu he cartilage hian a khuh a ni.

2. Fibrocartilage: A hming ang ngeiin hei hi cartilage chak tak, fiber thuk tak tak atanga siam a ni. A chak hle mai. Shock leh vibrations te a absorb thei a ni. Khup chhunga meniscus hi he fibrocartilage atanga siam hmun hnih atanga siam a ni. Wedge pahnih ang mai a ni. Hengte hi thigh bone leh shin bone inkarah awmin cushion angin an thawk a ni. He meniscus hian kan tlan leh kan zuang hian shock chu a absorb thin.

### Ligament hrang hrang

Ligament hi rubber band nghet tak ang a ni. Ruh inzawmkhawm nan leh ruh nghet taka awm tir nan an hmang thin. Knee ligament hi chi hnih a awm a.

Infiammi khup hliam chungchang kan sawi hian ACL tears leh MCL tears te hi i hre tawh mai thei. Chu chu heng ligament te tihchhiat kan tih hian a ni.

### Taksa thau

Muscle hi elastic fiber atanga siam soft tissue a ni. Kan taksa peng hrang hrang tiche turin an contract (flex) thin. Ke ruh (muscles) hian khup chetna control-na kawngah nasa takin a pui a ni.

Muscle group lian pahnih a awm a.

• Flexors: Hengte hian khup ben nan a pui thin. Chung entirnan, kekawr hmalam ruh (Quadriceps) te hi a ni.
• Extensors: Hengte hian khup chu bend hnuah a ti dinglam theih nan a pui thin . Chung entirnan, kekawr hnunglam ruh (hamstrings) te hi a ni.

### Nerves a awm

Nerve hi electric cable ang a ni. Thluak a\angin taksa peng dangah thuchah an keng tel a, taksa peng hrang hrang a\angin thluak thlengin hriatna ( lum, vawt, na) an keng tel bawk. Nerve lian tak tak, femoral nerve leh sciatic nerve te hi khup chhungah an kal a. Chungte chuan khup vel a taksa peng hrang hrangte chetna leh hriatna chu a thunun a ni.

Khup tibuaitu harsatna leh dinhmun langsar ber berte chu engte nge ni?

Kan ruh emaw, kan connective tissue emaw tichhe thei thil eng pawh hian khup a nghawng thei a ni. Khup tibuaitu harsatna awm fo thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni.

Khup natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu engte nge ni?

I khup nghawng dan azirin symptoms a inang lo thei. Mahse, khup harsatna tam zawk hian heng natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui hi an nei ve tho a ni:

• Natna: Natna a awm a, a bik takin khup sawn emaw, rit phurh emaw hian a awm thin.
• Swelling: Khup vel a hring.
• A rawng thlak danglam:Khup sen emaw, a sen emaw.
• Khaw lum tih hriat: I khup i khawih hian hmun dang aiin a lum zawkin a hria.
• Twisting sensation: Khup chhunga thil inher emaw, inhnim hrual emaw hriatna.
• Popping: Khup chhunga popping sound emaw sensation (a bik takin hliam a awm chuan).
• Knee stiffness: Khup ben emaw, dinglam emaw theih lohna.
• Khup chakna hloh: Khup chunga rit dah theih lohna leh ke ruh hrual ang maia awm.

Engtin nge i khup hrisel taka i vawn reng?

Kan khup hi thil hlu tak a ni. Chuvangin enkawl that hi kan mawhphurhna a ni. I khup hrisel taka awm theih nan heng thil awlsam tak takte hi i ti thei a ni.

• Nunphung hrisel zawm rawh: I duh ang ei leh in leh exercise plan inthlau tak zawm rawh. I taksa rih zawng control hi i khup tan a pawimawh hle. A chhan chu rit lutuk hian i khup chungah a tul lo taka pressure a siam vang a ni.
• Damdawi lam thurawn zawng rawh: Damdawi lam enfiah fo thin ang che. I khup a na deuh emaw, a danglam deuh emaw i hriat pawhin ngaihthah suh la , doctor pan nghal rawh.
• Invenna hmanrua bun: Infiamna i khelh emaw, i khup tana hlauhawm hna i thawh emaw chuan invenna hmanrua (e.g. khup vengtu) dik tak ha rawh.
• Kekawr dik tak ha rawh: I ke nena inmil tha tak leh thlawpna tha tak pe thei tur pheikhawk bun rawh.
• Exercise i tih hmain warm up: Exercise emaw sport emaw i tih hmain warm-up leh stretching exercise te ti hmasa phawt ang che.

Khup hi kan taksa ruh lian ber a ni. Tin, mawhphurhna tam tak a keng tel bawk. Kan thil tih zawng zawng deuhthaw ah khup hi hman a nih avangin inhliam theihna chance a sang hle. A chang chuan hliam tenau te chu thil pangngai a ni thei. Mahse khup symptoms hi ngaihthah ngai suh. Tlemte inthlak danglamna i hriat pawhin Doctor hmu la, thurawn la rawh. Tichuan i khup chu a hrisel a, a chak a, a thawk tha thei bawk.