I vunah hliam dam lo tur i nei em? Leishmaniasis a ni thei ang em? I sawi dawn nia!

Mi thenkhat chuan an vunah hliam an nei a, chu chu dam nan hun rei tak a ngai a, a chang chuan hliam mawi lo tak tak a hnutchhiah thin tih i hmu tawh em? A nih loh leh ni tam tak chhung khawsik, taksa rihna tlahniam leh pum hring hring? Hengte hi a chang chuan kan ngaihven vak loh natna chhinchhiahna a ni thei a, chu chu ran te tak te, rulhut ang chi te hi a ni. Chutiang natna pakhat chu Leishmaniasis a ni. Vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar takin, awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

Leishmaniasis chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Leishmaniasis hi natna chi khat , Leishmania tih hming pu parasite atanga lo chhuak a ni. He parasite hi a te lutuk a, microscope hmang lo chuan mit chauhin hmuh theih a ni lo. Strict takin sawi ila, protozoa an tih organism pawl pakhatah a tel a, chungte chu single-celled organism an ni.

He natna hi sand fly chi khatin min seh hian min kai a ni. Heng rulhut te hi an te hle a, a chang chuan rulhut aiin an te zawk bawk. He natna hian natna chi hrang hrang a thlen thei a, vun ulcer hmuhnawm lo atanga nunna atana hlauhawm tak tak, chhungril taksa peng hrang hrangte nghawng thei a ni.

Hei hi kan hmuh fo dan tlangpui pahnih a awm a:

1. Vun atanga natna hrik (`(Cutaneous leishmaniasis)`) .

2. Visceral leishmaniasis ( chhungril taksa peng hrang hrang tichhe thei ) .

Tuin nge hetiang hi dawng thei ber?

Leishmaniasis hi thingtlang lamah a tam ber a, a bik takin bawlhhlawh paihna hmunah a awm nasa ber . Mite taksa chak lohna nei , HIV vei emaw, taksa chak lohna dang nei emaw te chuan Leishmania parasite an kai chuan he natna hi an vei tam zawk a ni.

Leishmaniasis hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm? Sri Lanka ramah a awm em?

Khawvel pumah Leishmania parasite vei mi thenkhat chuan symptoms an nei lo. Chuvangin engtiang chiahin nge a hluar tih sawi chian a har khawp mai. Mahse, mithiamte chuan khawvêl pumah mi maktaduai 1.5 aṭanga maktaduai 2 vêl chuan kum tin he natna hi an vei niin an chhût a .

Ni e, lungchhiatthlak takin Leishmaniasis hi Sri Lanka-ah pawh a awm ve tho. A bik takin kan ram chhunga dry zone-ah te, entirnan Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Hambantota, leh Matara ang district-ah te cutaneous form (`(Cutaneous leishmaniasis)`) hi hmuhchhuah a ni. Chuvang chuan hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.

Khawvel khawiah nge hetiang hi a hluar ber?

Leishmania parasite hi khawvel ram 90 chuangah hmuh tur a awm a. Khawvel hmun hrang hrangah Leishmania chi hrang hrang hmuh tur a awm a. Mithiamte chuan a awmna hmun a zirin chi hnih, "Old World leishmaniasis" leh "New World leishmaniasis" tiin an then a.

• Khawvel Hlui Leishmaniasis (`(Khawvel Hlui leishmaniasis)`) hi khawchhak lam biala awm, chu chu:
• Asia ram hmun thenkhatah
• Africa ramah, a bik takin tropical leh North Africa ramah te
• Europe khawthlang lam a ni
• Middle East atanga lo chhuak a ni
• Khawvel Thar leishmaniasis (`(Khawvel Thar leishmaniasis)`) hi Western Hemisphere-ah a awm a, chu chu:
• Central America-ah a awm a
• South America ramah a awm a
• Mexico ram hmun thenkhatah chuan

United States-ah chuan a awm lo hle nachungin, Texas leh Oklahoma ang state aṭangin cutaneous leishmaniasis vei hmuhchhuah a ni.

Leishmaniasis chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Leishmaniasis hi chi thum ah then theih a ni a, chungte chu cutaneous, mucosal, leh visceral te an ni.

Vun atanga natna hrik (CL) .

Hei hi sand fly in a sehna vunah natna a ni . Nodule te tak te angin a intan a, chutah chuan ulcer lian takah a chang leh thin. Heng ulcer te hi a dam theih nan hun rei tak a ngai a, a chang chuan amahin a dam lo. Sand fly a seh hnu kar tlemte atanga thla engemaw zat chhungin natna lan chhuah dan a intan thei.

A tlem hle a, mi thenkhat chuan vun hmun hrang hrangah heng lumps emaw lesions te hi an nei thei. Hei hi `(diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis)` an ti a. Hengte hi enkawl hnuah pawh a lo lang leh thei a ni.

Mucosal/Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (ML) natna hi a awm thei lo.

Hei hi a tlangpuiin cutaneous leishmaniasis complication angin a thleng thin . Hnar chhunga mucous membrane te, hmui emaw, kawr chhunga mucous membrane te a nghawng a ni. He natna hi a mah chauhin a reh tam lo va , enkawl loh chuan thihna a thlen fo thin . Facial disfigurement a thlen thei bawk.

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) / Kala-azar atanga lo chhuak a ni

Hei hi natna khirh ber a ni . Leishmania chi khat bik avanga lo awm a ni. I chhungril taksa peng hrang hrang a nghawng a, a bik takin i ril leh i thin . Hri kai fly-in a seh hnuah thla engemaw zat atanga kum khat emaw a aia rei emaw vel a ni thei. He natna (VL) hi a na nghal thei a, enkawl loh chuan a thihpui fo mai thei .

He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?

Leishmaniasis natna lan chhuah dan hi i neih chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo. Vun leh mucous membrane tichhe thei chi hrang hrangte hian hliam lian tak tak, zawi zawiin a tidam thei a ni. Internal organs tichhe thei chi hrang hrangte hian symptom tlangpui, khawsik, taksa rihna tlahniam, leh pum chhunga natna te a thlen thin.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis natna lan chhuah dan

Sandfly-in a seh tawhna vunah hian bump a lo awm a. A chungah hian scab/crust a awm thei. Hun a kal zel a, hei hi natnaah a chang thei a, .A chhehvelah chuan a sir khauh tak a awm a, a laiah pawh a pil bo (volcano ang maiin) a awm bawk.

Mucosal Leishmaniasis natna lan chhuah dan

Hnar, hmui emaw, kawchhung chhunga mucous membrane-a hliam. Heng hliamte hi vun natna pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw hian a hma emaw, a zui emaw a ni tlangpui.

Visceral Leishmaniasis natna lan chhuah dan

Heng symptoms te hi:

• Fever: Hei hi a intan thut thei a, kar tam tak chhung chu a lo thleng leh thei bawk.
• Khua a vawt leh thawk hah.
• Lymph node a lo hring chhuak.
• Spleen lian lutuk avanga pum chhunga natna.
• Rihna tihtlem.
• Chauh lutuk, hah lutuk.
• Chaklohna.
• Vun hmun thenkhat thim emaw, rawng danglam emaw.

Eng thilin nge Leishmaniasis hi a thlen? Engtin nge a kai darh?

Leishmaniasis hi parasite Leishmania an tih atanga lo chhuak a ni. Heng parasite te hi mihringah bakah rannung, ui, ui, opossum, rat, leh fox-ah te pawh an cheng a ni.

Fly chi khat phlebotomine sand fly an tih seh atanga kai a ni ber . He fly hian hri kai mi emaw, rannung emaw a seh a, chutah mi dang a seh chuan Leishmania parasite chu midang taksaah a inject a ni.

Hei bakah hian Leishmania natna vei theihna kawng dang, a awm lo hle a, chu chu:

• Needle insem hmangin.
• Thisen pek hmangin.
• Nu naupai atanga nausen pum chhunga awm thlengin.

Pawimawh: Ui emaw ran dang emaw atanga direct-a leishmaniasis i vei thei lo. Mahse, ui hian ui dangah a kai thei tih finfiahna a awm. Ui pawhin sand fly hmangin mihringah a kai theih avangin ui pawhin a kai loh nan ven a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge Leishmaniasis i vei tih i hriat theih ang?

Doctor chuan i taksa atanga tissue sample la in Leishmania parasite a awm leh awm loh a test a, natna hi a enfiah thin. Heng sample te hi hliam, spleen, lymph node, emaw ruhro atanga lak theih a ni. Leishmaniasis natna vei tamna ramah chuan doctor-te chuan a natna lan chhuah dan ngaihthlak emaw, vun enfiah emaw hmangin an hrechhuak fo thin.

Eng test nge tih thin?

• Needle biopsy: Doctor chuan needle hmangin i spleen, lymph node emaw bone marrow atanga tissue sample a la thin. Lab technician pakhat chuan microscope hmangin Leishmania a awm em tih a en a. Hei hi visceral leishmaniasis hriat theihna kawng tha ber a ni.
• Skin biopsy: Doctor chuan i vun, hnar, i hmui a hliam atanga tissue sample a la thin. Leishmania a awm leh awm loh test a ni. Hei hian cutaneous emaw mucosal leishmaniasis emaw a hriat theih nan a pui thin.
• Thisen test (Serology) : A chang chuan doctor in i thisenah Leishmania infection chhinchhiahna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thei. Mahse, thisen test hi natna hrik awm tawh hriatchhuah nan a tangkai vak lo tlangpui. A chhan chu mi thenkhatin symptom nei lovin an vei thei a, tuna hri kai i neih loh pawhin thisen test hian a positive thei a ni.

Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Leishmaniasis enkawlna atan hian anti-parasitic damdawi chi hrang hrang hman theih a awm a . I doctor-in damdawi a pek tur chu Leishmaniasis i neih chi hrang hrangah a innghat ang. Heng damdawi te hi chi hrang hrang a awm thei a:

• Pills ei theihna.
• Vun ti hahdam thei cream emaw lotion emaw.
• Doctor-in saline tube (IV catheter) hmanga thisen a pek chhuah tui.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis i neih chuan i doctor chuan heat therapy (thermotherapy), cold therapy (cryotherapy), emaw laser therapy emaw hmangin direct-in a hliamte chu a hmang thei ang. Hengte hian parasite chu a that thei a, a hliamte chu a tidam thei bawk.

Leishmaniasis damdawi hman dan tur:

• Amphotericin hmanga siam a ni
• Miltefosine a ni
• Pentavalent antimonial, entirnan sodium stibogluconate te hi a awm thei
• Paromomycin hmanga siam a ni

Cutaneous leishmaniasis tan hian enkawlna dang pawh pek a ni fo bawk. Chung zingah chuan:

• Thermotherapy : Doctor chuan hliam leh a chhehvelah lumna a hnawih thin.
• Cryotherapy : Doctor chuan hliam leh a chhehvel chu second 10-30 vel a vawt tir thin.
• Laser therapy : Doctor chuan kut zungtang hmangin hliam leh a chhehvelah laser beam a direct thin.

Leishmaniasis hi engtin nge kan pumpelh theih ang?

Leishmaniasis chi hrang hrang laka invenna tha ber chu sand flies te seh loh hi a ni , a bik takin Leishmania natna vei tamna hmunah te. Sand fly bite laka inven dan tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• I taksa khuh tha thei thawmhnaw ha la: pants sei, kawr sei, socks, etc.
• EPA pawmpui insect repellant hmang rawh. Repellent tha ber berte hian DEET an pai tlangpui.
• In chhungah, mutna leh living room-ah te, sand fly te tihlum turin insecticide spray thin ang che.
• Room-ah chuan window khar emaw, window-a screen awm emaw-ah mu rawh.
• Mosquito bed netting hnuaiah mu rawh. Net thenkhat chu insect repellent hmanga pre-treat a ni a, hei hian venhimna a pe nasa zawk a ni. Sand fly hi rulhut aiin a te zawk hle. Chuvangin netting chhunga khur te chu a te hle tur a ni a, chu chuan rulhut te a luh loh nan.

Leishmaniasis i vei chuan eng nge thleng? Dam theih a ni em?

He natna hi i vei a nih chuan i prognosis chu i neih chi leh i immune system hriselnaah a innghat a ni. Internal organs (VL) tichhe thei chi leh mucous membrane (ML) tichhe thei chi hi enkawl vat a ngai a ni. An pahnih hian enkawl loh chuan an thihpui fo mai.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis hi a takin a reh thei a, enkawlna hmangin a reh thei bawk. Mahse, a dam kim theih nan thla tam tak a ngai thei a, permanent scarring a awm thei bawk.

Damdawi hi kar tam tak emaw thla tam tak emaw i ei chhunzawm a ngai mai thei a, chu chu natna hrik chu a bo vek tawh tih chian nan a ni. I doctor hnenah enkawl dan leh dam hun tur zawt rawh.

Leishmaniasis hi doctor-in a natna a hriat hmasak a, damdawi hmanga enkawl a nih chuan tihdam theih a ni fo . Enkawl hmasak a nih chuan visceral leishmaniasis damna rate chu 90% aia tam a ni a, mucosal leishmaniasis tan chuan 75% aia tam a ni. Mi thenkhat chu an dam leh hnu thla engemaw zat hnuah an na leh thei a, parasite laka an fihlim tawh bawk (hei hi relapse an ti).

Visceral leh mucosal leishmaniasis hi enkawl loh chuan enkawl a harsa hle. Immune system chak lote tan pawh enkawl a harsa hle.

He natna hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?

Leishmaniasis natna hi a na thei hle a, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei a, a bik takin visceral leh mucosal form-ah te hian a awm thei a ni. Chung zingah chuan:

• Bacterial infection: Hengte hi secondary infection an ti bawk. Chûngte chuan hliam a tizual thei a ni. Bacteria hi taksa chhung thuk takah a kal a, natna khirh tak tak a thlen thei a ni.
• Scarring: Cutaneous leh mucosal leishmaniasis hian vun, hmui leh hnar a tichhia a, hliam na tak a thlen thei bawk.
• Relapse: Mi thenkhat chuan symptoms an nei a, enkawl a nih chuan a bo a, a lo let leh thin. Skin lesions lo lang leh chu ``leishmaniasis recidivans'' an ti a, chutiang a nih chuan enkawlna dang a ngai mai thei.
• Septal perforation emaw a tlakchhiat emaw:Mucosal leishmaniasis hian hnar kawng pahnih (hnar kawngkhar inkar bang - ``(septum)``) inkar tissue-ah khur a siam thei. Hnar structure hi a tlakbuak thei a ni. Hei hian deformities, infection, leh thawk harsatna a thlen thei a ni.
• Pneumonia emaw gastrointestinal tract infection (GI (gastrointestinal) tract infection): Mucosal leh visceral leishmaniasis hian taksa peng dangah natna a thlen thei a ni.

Visceral leishmaniasis natna dangte chu:

• Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL): PKDL hi hmai emaw taksa peng dang emawa hliam lian tak tak, lumpy tak tak awm thei a ni. Visceral leishmaniasis lai emaw, a hnuah emaw a awm thei. Hun rei tak a daih thei a, hliam na tak a thlen thei bawk.
• Thisen chhuak nasa: Thisen chhuah tam lutuk chuan thihna a thlen thei.
• Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Hei hi nunna atana hlauhawm, taksa peng tichhe thei a ni.
• Sepsis: Sepsis hi taksain natna khirh tak a neih chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

I dam hma chu i doctor hnenah engtin nge i in enkawl ang tih zawt rawh. Cutaneous leishmaniasis i neih chuan i doctor chuan a hliamte chu a dam hma loh chuan tihfai dan leh enkawl dan tur a hrilh ang che. Leishmaniasis chi hrang hrang neiin, i dam tawh nia i ngaih hnuah pawh a symptoms lo lang leh tur chu en reng ang che .

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Heng thil thlengah hian doctor hmu rawh:

• Leishmania natna vei tamna hmuna awm emaw, zin tawh emaw, symptoms nei tawh emaw i nih chuan.
• I vunah hliam a dam rei a nih chuan.
• I immune system a chak lo emaw, hri kai chhinchhiahna i neih chuan doctor pan tur a ni.

Sand fly-in a seh hnua symptom i neih loh chuan doctor pan a ngai lo. Sand fly zawng zawng hian natna an thehdarh vek lo. A chang chuan kan taksa hian natna thlen lovin Leishmania natna a do thei thin. I immune system a chak lo emaw, i damlo tawh emaw a nih loh chuan doctor ten an enkawl lo tlangpui.

Engtikah nge Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ah i kal ang ?

Heng natna khirh tak tak te hi i neih chuan emergency room hnai ber ah kal rawh:

• Khawsik sang (103 Fahrenheit / 40 Celsius aia sang) i neih chuan a tlahniam lo.
• Thâwk harsa.
• A pum chhunga natna langsar tak.
• Vun emaw mit emaw a sen (jaundice).
• Vun, hmui, kut zungtang (cyanosis, thisena oxygen tlakchhamna chhinchhiahna) rawng dum (blue color) a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I doctor hnenah heng zawhnate hi zawh hi a \angkai thei ang:

• Eng enkawlna kawng nge ka neih?
• Engtin nge ka hliamte hi ka enkawl ang?
• Engtikah nge ka dam leh ang/ka hliamte hi a dam ang?
• Ka natna hi engtiang chiahin nge a pawi?
• Engtin nge ka damdawi hi ka ei ang?
• Engtikah nge emergency room-ah ka kal ang?
• Engtikah nge ka hmuh leh ang che?

Thuhmahruai angin hre reng ang che

Leishmaniasis hi parasitic disease a ni a, natna khirh tak tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a thlen thei a ni. Leishmania natna vei tamna hmunah i awm emaw, i zin emaw a nih chuan invenna tur hma la rawh. Leishmaniasis symptoms i neih chuan, emaw, hliam dam lo emaw, a na zual emaw i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. Mi tam zawkin a na zual hmaa enkawl an nih chuan an dam kim thei a ni. Chuvangin heng symptoms te hi hriat chian a, enkawl vat vat a pawimawh.

` leishmaniasis, kala-azar, sand fly, vun natna, parasite