I vunah hian mole thar i hmu tawh em? Vun cancer chi hlauhawm ber (Melanoma) chungchang hi i zir chiang ang u .

I vunah mole pakhat chu a lian a, a rawng a danglam tih i hmu ngai em? A nih loh leh, a hmaa la awm ngai loh hmun thim thar i hmu nghal em? A tam zawkah chuan hengte hi hmun pangngai mai a ni. Mahse, a tlem berah chuan heng inthlak danglamna tenau te hi kan ngaihthah loh tur natna hlauhawm tak chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a ni thei. Chuvang chuan vawiinah hian thupui pawimawh tak kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu melanoma, vun cancer chi khat a ni. He hming i hriat hian hlau suh. Hemi chungchang hi dik taka hriattir kan nih chuan a lakah kan inveng thei a, kan hre hmasa thei a, kan enkawl thei bawk.

A awlsam zawngin, melanoma chu eng nge ni?

Melanoma hi vun cancer chi hrang hrang hlauhawm ber leh na ber nia ngaih a ni. A awmzia chu "black tumor" tihna a ni. He cancer hi kan vun rawng petu cells melanocytes an tih atanga lo chhuak a ni. Heng cell te hian melanin an tih pigment an siam chhuak thin. He melanin pigment hian kan vun, sam leh mit rawng a hril a ni.

Melanoma hi a tlangpuiin a dum emaw, a sen emaw a lang a, mahse a chang chuan pink, red, purple, emaw vun rawng pawh a lang thei.

Ngaihtuah teh, melanoma 30% vel hi kan taksaa kan neih tawh birthmark atanga lo piang chhuak a ni. Chu chu pianpui chhinchhiahna chu cancer-ah a chang tihna a ni. Mahse a hlauhawm zawk chu melanoma 70% chu vun pangngaia mole thar, a hmaa birthmark nei ngai lo atanga lo piang chhuak a ni. Chuvangin kan taksaa mole thar awmte hi kan fimkhur hle a ngai a ni.

He cancer hi a thang chak hle a, taksa peng dangah a darh thei (metastasis). Chuvangin, a hmaa hriatchhuah hi nunna leh thihna inthlauhna a ni thei. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan 99%-ah tihdam theih a ni .

Melanoma hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm? Tu nge hlauhawm ber?

Khawvel puma vun cancer report zawng zawng zinga 1% chauh melanoma hi ni mahse, vun cancer vanga thihna tam ber a ni. Kum 30 hnuai lam thalai zingah a tam hle a, hmeichhe naupang zingah a tam zawk bawk .

Kum 30 kalta chhung khan khawvel pumah melanoma vei hi nasa takin an pung a ni. Hei hi a chhan ber chu ni atanga ultraviolet (UV) ray laka inhriat tam vang a ni tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Keini ang ram ni êng nasa tak awmna ramah hian he thil hi ngaihtuah nawn leh ila.

Melanoma hi i taksa khawi hmunah pawh a lo awm thei. Mit chhungah emaw, chhungril taksa peng hrang hrangah emaw pawh a lo thang lian thei. Mipain an rilru, pum, leh hnungzang chunglam (trunk)-ah an vei tam zawk a, hmeichhia erawh chuan an keah an vei tam zawk thung.

Melanoma hi engtin nge kan hriat theih ang? "ABCDE" dan kha hre reng ang che!

Sawi tawh ang khan hei hi hriat hmasak a pawimawh hle. Chutiang kawngah chuan min puih theihna tur kawng awlsam tak a awm. "ABCDE" rule an ti a ni . I vunah hian moles emaw birthmark emaw hian heng mizia hi a lantir em tih enfiah fo ang che.

Thil dang chu "Ugly Duckling Sign" tih hi a ni. Chu chu, i taksaa hmun dang zawng zawng aiin a danglam bik, cut out anga lang, "Hei hi a dangte nen a danglam" tih ngaihtuah tir che i nih chuan chu chu doctor hnena entir a pawimawh hle.

Engvangin nge melanoma hi a lo awm? Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Mithiam tam zawk chuan melanoma vei theihna tur hlauhawm ber chu ni zung tam lutuk , a bik takin naupang laiin, ni zung leh blister thlenga awm hi a ni tih an pawm a ni. Report-a a lan dan chuan melanoma 86% hi ni UV rays avanga lo awm a ni.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, UV rays hian kan vun cell-a DNA a tichhe thei a ni. Hetiang DNA chhia nei cell te hi an inthen tan chuan cancer hi a lo awm thin. World Health Organization pawhin tanning bed atanga UV rays lo chhuak chu cancer thlentuah a dah bawk.

Tu pawhin melanoma vei thei mahse, a hnuaia mite hi an hlauhawm zawk a ni:

• Tun hmaa melanoma vei tawhte tan.
• Chhungkaw zinga mi (nu, pa, unau) tu emaw chuan melanoma a vei tawh a nih chuan.
• Vun sei tak, sam dum, sam dum emaw sen emaw, mit sen emaw nei tan chuan .
• Ni tlak tam lutuk te tan, a bik takin ni zung kang te tan.
• Equator bula awm emaw, hmun sang takah emaw (UV rays laka inhriatthiamna sang tak nei) tan.
• An taksaa pianpui chhinchhiahna tam tak nei tan, a bik takin a pianzia danglam (atypical) nei tan.
• Immune system chak lo nei tan (e.g., organ transplant nei tawhte tan).

Engtin nge doctor hian melanoma hi a hriat theih ang?

Mole rinhlelh awm i neih chuan i doctor chuan uluk takin a enfiah hmasa ang. Tichuan, rinhlelhna chu an finfiah belh a ngai a nih chuan, surgical procedure tenau hmangin mole chu a then emaw, a zawng zawng emaw chu an la chhuak ang a, lab-ah test turin an thawn ang. Hei hi biopsy an ti a . Hetiang hian microscope hmangin cancer cell a awm em tih an en thin.

Biopsy-in melanoma a nih thu a nemnghet a nih chuan a dawt leh tur chu cancer hi eng chen nge a darh tawh tih leh eng chen nge a thuk tih hriat a ni. Hei hi staging an ti a . Hei hi enkawl dan tur ruahmanna siam nan a pawimawh hle. Cancer thickness hi a result hriat lawkna atana pawimawh ber a ni.

Melanoma stage lian ber berte chu hetiang hian then a ni:

Chance hriat chian nan eng test nge tih thin?

Doctor-te chuan cancer hi a darh tawh em tih chiang taka hriat theih nan test eng emaw zat dang neih belh leh an rawt mai thei.

• Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Cancer hi lymph node-ah a darh tawh em tih enfiahna bik a ni.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography - CT scan) hmanga tihchhuah a ni.Taksa chhungril lam ah cancer a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin ang che.
• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI scan): Thluak emaw, ruhro emaw a cancer natna awm leh awm loh enfiah nan.
• PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography - PET scan): Kan cancer hi taksa hmun hla tak takah a darh tawh em tih en nan.
• Thisen test: Thisen chhunga thil thenkhat (e.g. LDH - Lactate Dehydrogenase) tehna hian cancer dinhmun hriat theihna a siam thei.

Melanoma enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?

I enkawlna tur chu i cancer stage leh i hriselna zawng zawngah a innghat ang.

A tir lama enkawlna ber chu operation hmanga cancer chu paih vek a ni. Hei hian cancer awmna hmun leh a chhehvela vun hrisel tak tak awmna hmun tlemte chu tihtlak a huam a ni. A tam zawkah chuan hei hi thil awlsam tak a ni a, dermatologist office-ah anesthesia hmanga tih theih a ni.

Cancer a darh tawhna natna khirh tak takah chuan operation bakah hian enkawlna dang a ngai thei bawk.

• Lymphadenectomy: Cancer chu lymph node-ah a darh tawh a nih chuan chu lymph node te chu operation hmangin an la chhuak thin.
• Targeted cancer therapy: Cancer cell chauh bei thei damdawi bik hman. Chûngte chuan cell hriselte a tichhe lo.
• Radiation Therapy: Energy sang tak nei rays hmanga cancer cell tihchhiat.
• Immunotherapy: Kan taksa ngeiin cancer dona atana a taksa chakna (immune system) tichaktu.

Melanoma lakah engtin nge i inven theih ang?

Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. He cancer hlauhawm tak laka kan inven nan hian kan tih theih tam tak a awm a.

• Ni êng nasa tak, a bik takin zing dar 10 leh tlai dar 4 inkarah pumpelh la , a theih ang angin thlamuang takin awm rawh.
• Sunscreen hmang la. Pawn i chhuah apiangin broad-spectrum (UVA leh UVB pahnih lakah a venghim) sunscreen, SPF 30 aia sang hmang thin ang che, ni chhum zingah pawh ni se. Darkar 1.5 danah hnawih leh thin ang che. I thawmhnaw hak emaw, tui chawi emaw a nih chuan hnawih leh fo ang che.
• Invenna thawmhnaw ha rawh. Kawrfual hrual zau tak, sunglass, thawmhnaw kawr sei tak, leh pants sei tak tak ha rawh.
• Tanning bed hi pumpelh vek tur a ni.
• I hmui tan pawh sunscreen awmna lip balm hmang bawk ang che.
• Naupang thla 6 chunglam tan sunscreen hnawih thin ang che.