I vunah hian mole thar i hmu tawh em? Vun cancer chi hlauhawm ber (Melanoma) chungchang hi i zir chiang ang u .

I vunah mole pakhat chu a lian a, a rawng a danglam tih i hmu ngai em? A nih loh leh, a hmaa la awm ngai loh hmun thim thar i hmu nghal em? A tam zawkah chuan hengte hi hmun pangngai mai a ni. Mahse, a tlem berah chuan heng inthlak danglamna tenau te hi kan ngaihthah loh tur natna hlauhawm tak chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a ni thei. Chuvang chuan vawiinah hian thupui pawimawh tak kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu melanoma, vun cancer chi khat a ni. He hming i hriat hian hlau suh. Hemi chungchang hi dik taka hriattir kan nih chuan a lakah kan inveng thei a, kan hre hmasa thei a, kan enkawl thei bawk.

A awlsam zawngin, melanoma chu eng nge ni?

Melanoma hi vun cancer chi hrang hrang hlauhawm ber leh na ber nia ngaih a ni. A awmzia chu "black tumor" tihna a ni. He cancer hi kan vun rawng petu cells melanocytes an tih atanga lo chhuak a ni. Heng cell te hian melanin an tih pigment an siam chhuak thin. He melanin pigment hian kan vun, sam leh mit rawng a hril a ni.

Melanoma hi a tlangpuiin a dum emaw, a sen emaw a lang a, mahse a chang chuan pink, red, purple, emaw vun rawng pawh a lang thei.

Ngaihtuah teh, melanoma 30% vel hi kan taksaa kan neih tawh birthmark atanga lo piang chhuak a ni. Chu chu pianpui chhinchhiahna chu cancer-ah a chang tihna a ni. Mahse a hlauhawm zawk chu melanoma 70% chu vun pangngaia mole thar, a hmaa birthmark nei ngai lo atanga lo piang chhuak a ni. Chuvangin kan taksaa mole thar awmte hi kan fimkhur hle a ngai a ni.

He cancer hi a thang chak hle a, taksa peng dangah a darh thei (metastasis). Chuvangin, a hmaa hriatchhuah hi nunna leh thihna inthlauhna a ni thei. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan 99%-ah tihdam theih a ni .

Melanoma hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm? Tu nge hlauhawm ber?

Khawvel puma vun cancer report zawng zawng zinga 1% chauh melanoma hi ni mahse, vun cancer vanga thihna tam ber a ni. Kum 30 hnuai lam thalai zingah a tam hle a, hmeichhe naupang zingah a tam zawk bawk .

Kum 30 kalta chhung khan khawvel pumah melanoma vei hi nasa takin an pung a ni. Hei hi a chhan ber chu ni atanga ultraviolet (UV) ray laka inhriat tam vang a ni tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Keini ang ram ni êng nasa tak awmna ramah hian he thil hi ngaihtuah nawn leh ila.

Melanoma hi i taksa khawi hmunah pawh a lo awm thei. Mit chhungah emaw, chhungril taksa peng hrang hrangah emaw pawh a lo thang lian thei. Mipain an rilru, pum, leh hnungzang chunglam (trunk)-ah an vei tam zawk a, hmeichhia erawh chuan an keah an vei tam zawk thung.

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Melanoma hi engtin nge kan hriat theih ang? "ABCDE" dan kha hre reng ang che!

Sawi tawh ang khan hei hi hriat hmasak a pawimawh hle. Chutiang kawngah chuan min puih theihna tur kawng awlsam tak a awm. "ABCDE" rule an ti a ni . I vunah hian moles emaw birthmark emaw hian heng mizia hi a lantir em tih enfiah fo ang che.

A pawimawh ber chu melanoma thenkhat hi he "ABCDE" dan hi a inmil lo. Chuvangin, hliam dam lo, hliam danglam tak, emaw, i vunah danglamna emaw, pianpui chhinchhiahna emaw i hmuh chuan i doctor hnenah hrilh nghal rawh.

Thil dang chu "Ugly Duckling Sign" tih hi a ni. Chu chu, i taksaa hmun dang zawng zawng aiin a danglam bik, cut out anga lang, "Hei hi a dangte nen a danglam" tih ngaihtuah tir che i nih chuan chu chu doctor hnena entir a pawimawh hle.

Engvangin nge melanoma hi a lo awm? Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Mithiam tam zawk chuan melanoma vei theihna tur hlauhawm ber chu ni zung tam lutuk , a bik takin naupang laiin, ni zung leh blister thlenga awm hi a ni tih an pawm a ni. Report-a a lan dan chuan melanoma 86% hi ni UV rays avanga lo awm a ni.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, UV rays hian kan vun cell-a DNA a tichhe thei a ni. Hetiang DNA chhia nei cell te hi an inthen tan chuan cancer hi a lo awm thin. World Health Organization pawhin tanning bed atanga UV rays lo chhuak chu cancer thlentuah a dah bawk.

Tu pawhin melanoma vei thei mahse, a hnuaia mite hi an hlauhawm zawk a ni:

• Tun hmaa melanoma vei tawhte tan.
• Chhungkaw zinga mi (nu, pa, unau) tu emaw chuan melanoma a vei tawh a nih chuan.
• Vun sei tak, sam dum, sam dum emaw sen emaw, mit sen emaw nei tan chuan .
• Ni tlak tam lutuk te tan, a bik takin ni zung kang te tan.
• Equator bula awm emaw, hmun sang takah emaw (UV rays laka inhriatthiamna sang tak nei) tan.
• An taksaa pianpui chhinchhiahna tam tak nei tan, a bik takin a pianzia danglam (atypical) nei tan.
• Immune system chak lo nei tan (e.g., organ transplant nei tawhte tan).

Pawimawh: Melanoma hi vun dum neiah a tam zawk a, mahse vun dum neiah pawh a awm thei bawk. Melanoma hi kutphah, kephah leh nail vun dum zawk nei te zingah a tam ber. Chuvangin heng hmunah te pawh hi fimkhur hle ang che.

Engtin nge doctor hian melanoma hi a hriat theih ang?

Mole rinhlelh awm i neih chuan i doctor chuan uluk takin a enfiah hmasa ang. Tichuan, rinhlelhna chu an finfiah belh a ngai a nih chuan, surgical procedure tenau hmangin mole chu a then emaw, a zawng zawng emaw chu an la chhuak ang a, lab-ah test turin an thawn ang. Hei hi biopsy an ti a . Hetiang hian microscope hmangin cancer cell a awm em tih an en thin.

Biopsy-in melanoma a nih thu a nemnghet a nih chuan a dawt leh tur chu cancer hi eng chen nge a darh tawh tih leh eng chen nge a thuk tih hriat a ni. Hei hi staging an ti a . Hei hi enkawl dan tur ruahmanna siam nan a pawimawh hle. Cancer thickness hi a result hriat lawkna atana pawimawh ber a ni.

Melanoma stage lian ber berte chu hetiang hian then a ni:

Chance hriat chian nan eng test nge tih thin?

Doctor-te chuan cancer hi a darh tawh em tih chiang taka hriat theih nan test eng emaw zat dang neih belh leh an rawt mai thei.

• Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Cancer hi lymph node-ah a darh tawh em tih enfiahna bik a ni.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography - CT scan) hmanga tihchhuah a ni.Taksa chhungril lam ah cancer a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin ang che.
• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI scan): Thluak emaw, ruhro emaw a cancer natna awm leh awm loh enfiah nan.
• PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography - PET scan): Kan cancer hi taksa hmun hla tak takah a darh tawh em tih en nan.
• Thisen test: Thisen chhunga thil thenkhat (e.g. LDH - Lactate Dehydrogenase) tehna hian cancer dinhmun hriat theihna a siam thei.

Melanoma enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?

I enkawlna tur chu i cancer stage leh i hriselna zawng zawngah a innghat ang.

A tir lama enkawlna ber chu operation hmanga cancer chu paih vek a ni. Hei hian cancer awmna hmun leh a chhehvela vun hrisel tak tak awmna hmun tlemte chu tihtlak a huam a ni. A tam zawkah chuan hei hi thil awlsam tak a ni a, dermatologist office-ah anesthesia hmanga tih theih a ni.

Cancer a darh tawhna natna khirh tak takah chuan operation bakah hian enkawlna dang a ngai thei bawk.

• Lymphadenectomy: Cancer chu lymph node-ah a darh tawh a nih chuan chu lymph node te chu operation hmangin an la chhuak thin.
• Targeted cancer therapy: Cancer cell chauh bei thei damdawi bik hman. Chûngte chuan cell hriselte a tichhe lo.
• Radiation Therapy: Energy sang tak nei rays hmanga cancer cell tihchhiat.
• Immunotherapy: Kan taksa ngeiin cancer dona atana a taksa chakna (immune system) tichaktu.

Melanoma lakah engtin nge i inven theih ang?

Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. He cancer hlauhawm tak laka kan inven nan hian kan tih theih tam tak a awm a.

• Ni êng nasa tak, a bik takin zing dar 10 leh tlai dar 4 inkarah pumpelh la , a theih ang angin thlamuang takin awm rawh.
• Sunscreen hmang la. Pawn i chhuah apiangin broad-spectrum (UVA leh UVB pahnih lakah a venghim) sunscreen, SPF 30 aia sang hmang thin ang che, ni chhum zingah pawh ni se. Darkar 1.5 danah hnawih leh thin ang che. I thawmhnaw hak emaw, tui chawi emaw a nih chuan hnawih leh fo ang che.
• Invenna thawmhnaw ha rawh. Kawrfual hrual zau tak, sunglass, thawmhnaw kawr sei tak, leh pants sei tak tak ha rawh.
• Tanning bed hi pumpelh vek tur a ni.
• I hmui tan pawh sunscreen awmna lip balm hmang bawk ang che.
• Naupang thla 6 chunglam tan sunscreen hnawih thin ang che.