I naute lu chu a te deuhin i hria em? 'Microcephaly' chungchang hi han sawi ila.

Nu emaw pa emaw chuan nausen piang thar a en hian an thinlunga hlimna lo thleng chu tawngkam hmanga sawi chhuah theih a ni lo, a dik em? Chutih rual chuan naute tan engkim a tha em tih uluk takin kan enfiah bawk. A châng chuan, naute lu chu taksa dang nêna khaikhin chuan a tê deuhin a lang thei. Hei hi i hmuh hian tlem a hlauhthawn leh lungkham deuh hi thil pangngai a ni. Doctor-te chuan hei hi ‘Microcephaly’ an ti a. Chuvangin, lungngai suh. Hemi chungchang hi vawiinah hian chipchiar deuhin, leh hahdam takin sawi ila.

Chuti a nih chuan, he ‘microcephaly’ hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, microcephaly chu i naute lu chu an kum leh taksa lian leh te a zirin beisei aia te a nih chuan a ni. Hetiang thil a thlen chhan i hria em? Naute thluak a lo than chhoh theih nan hun rei lutuk emaw, thluak a lo thanlen kim loh lai emaw a thleng thin. Naute lu ruh lian leh te hi an thluak lian leh te a zirin a innghat tih i hria em? He thluak thanna hi naute pum chhunga a awm chhung leh nausen pian hnua nausen lai a lo awm thin a ni. Chuvangin, he hun chhung hian eng thil pawhin thluak thanna a tibuai a nih chuan lu chu a te deuh thei a ni.

Microcephaly chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, chi hnih a awm a. Eng nge an nih i en ang u:

1. Primary or Congenital Microcephaly: Hei hi naute pian tirh laia a lu a te deuh lai a ni. Chumi awmzia chu naute nu pum chhunga a la awm laia harsatna lo thleng vang pawh a ni thei tihna a ni.

2. Secondary or Acquired Microcephaly: Hetiang a nih chuan naute hian a pian tirh lamah lu pangngai nei mahse, naute a lo puitlin leh a natna a lo awm chhoh zel chuan a lu chu a tikhawlo thin.

Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm? Ka lungngai tur em ni?

Microcephaly hi a takah chuan a awm lo hle. Research atanga a lan dan chuan America ang ramah pawh nausen 800 atanga 5,000 zinga pakhat a vei a ni. Chuvangin, a awm vak lo. Mahse, i naute hian he natna hi a nei tih i hriat chuan hlauhna i neih chu thil pangngai a ni. A pawimawh ber chu hlauthawng lo la, i doctor thupek uluk taka zawm hi a ni.

‘Microcephaly’ natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni? Engtin nge kan hriat chian?

A lan chhuahna ber chu a hming ang bawkin lu te tak te a ni. A chhan chu kan sawi tawh ang khan lu lian leh te hi thluak lian leh te a zirin a innghat a ni.

Mahse, a chang chuan he lu compression bakah hian thluak than dan dik lo hian naute thluak hnathawh a tichhe thei bawk. Tichuan, symptom dang a lo lang thei bawk. Chungte nasat dan chu mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei. A lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu:

• Seizures: Sudden convulsions leh hriatna hloh.
• Cognitive development chungchanga buaina: Hriatthiamna leh zir theihna a tlahniam thei.
• Hmasawnna lama tihkhawtlai: 1.1.Thusawi tan te, ding tan te, kal tan te hi naute dang aiin a tlai zawk thei.
• Taksa inthlauhna, incheina leh inrem lohna lama harsatna: kea kal laiin inthlauhna (balance) vawng reng thei lo emaw, ke leh ke ruhte inrem thiam loh emaw ang chi te.
• Chaw pek emaw, ei emaw harsa: Naute hian chaw ei leh ei harsa a ti thei.
• Hriatna emaw, mit lama harsatna emaw: Nausen thenkhat chuan mit emaw, hriatna lama harsatna an nei thei.

Hêng chhinchhiahnate hi a na hle thei a, a châng chuan nunna atân pawh a hlauhawm thei tih hre reng ang che. Mahse, naute thenkhat chuan lu hliam tih loh chu symptom dang an nei lo mai thei. Chuvangin hei hian mi tinte a nghawng dan a inang lo.

Engtin nge microcephaly hian ka fa taksa thanlenna a nghawng?

I naute a lo seilian chhoh zel chuan a hmai chu a lian zel a, mahse a luruh chu a lian lo hle. Hei hian naute hmel chu a lu lian leh te nena khaikhin chuan a lian zawkin a lang thei a ni. Chu bâkah, a hnuaia mite hi i hmu thei bawk ang:

• A hmai hnungtawlh.
• Lu vun hrual, hrual hrual.
• An kum a zirin beisei aia rit lo.

Engvangin nge he ‘microcephaly’ hi a lo awm? A chhante chu engte nge ni?

Microcephaly awm chhan ber chu thluak thanna tlahniam emaw, naupang thluak than dan inthlak danglam emaw a ni. A chhan bik dang thenkhat han en ila:

• Genetic mutations emaw inherited genetic conditions: Hei hi Down syndrome ang chi conditions nen a inzawm thei a, entirnan.
• Cerebral hypoxia emaw anoxia: Hei hi naupai lai emaw, nau neih lai emaw pawhin a thleng thei.
• Luruh suture te fusion hmasa ber (craniosynostosis): A tlangpuiin naute luruh ruh inkarah hian thluak a lo thanglian theih nan gap te te (sutures) a awm thin. Heng sutures te hi a khar thuai chuan thluak thanlenna tur hmun a awm tlem hle ang.
• Viral infection: Naupai laia nuin a kai thin viral infection thenkhat, entirnan, rubella, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, leh Zika virus te hian naute a nghawng thei a ni.
• Thluak hliam emaw, trauma emaw a awm.

Microcephaly vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Naute chu a pum chhunga a lo seilian lai hian naute chu a hnuaia mite hi a tawk a nih chuan microcephaly vei theihna a sang thei a ni.

• Nuin zu emaw ruihhlo a hman (Alcohol use disorder or substance use disorder).
• Mercury emaw lead emaw avanga rimchhia.
• Gestational diabetes avanga harsatna awm thei.
• Nu ei leh in lama harsatna (malnutrition) a awm.
• Metabolic natna, phenylketonuria ang chi natna avanga harsatna awm thei.
• Naupai laia nu chunga natna hrik awm thenkhat.

Hei vang hian nuin naupai lai hian a hriselna a enkawl tha hle tur a ni.

Microcephaly natna hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?

Microcephaly symptoms a nasat chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. Naupang thluak than dan pangngai lo hian a dam chhung zawngin engtin nge a nghawng dawn tih chiang taka sawi a harsa hle. Chuvangin, harsatna awm lo turin dam chhung damdawi lam enkawlna leh enkawl a ngai mai thei.

He natna ‘microcephaly’ an tih hi engtin nge doctor-te hian an hriat theih?

A châng chuan, naute pian hmain, nu pum chhunga a la awm laiin, naute pian hmaa ultrasound hmangin hriat theih a ni . Hetiang diagnosis hi naupai kum hnihna emaw, thla thumna emaw tawp lamah a thleng tlangpui.

Mahse, a tam zawkah chuan he natna hi pian atanga darkar 24 chhungin hmuhchhuah a ni. Doctor emaw nurse emaw chuan naute lu vel chu tape measure hmangin a teh ang. Tichuan, chu tehna chu chutiang kum, rit leh san zawnga naute dangte lu lian zawng zatve nên an khaikhin ang.

I naute hian a hnu lama lo chhuak microcephaly chi a neih chuan doctor chuan nausen laiin a hmuchhuak mai thei a, chu chu a natna lan chhuah hmasak ber hunah a ni. Chuti chung pawh chuan Doctor chuan naute lu vel chu a teh ang. Doctor chuan i naute hian an kum nena inmil, a hmasawnna tur thil pawimawh (crawling, walking ang chi) a tlin dan pawh a zawt thei bawk.

He lu circumference percentile hi eng nge ni?

Percentile chu 1 atanga 100 thlenga scale-a number a ni a, mi pakhat chu midang nena khaikhin a nihna hmun a tarlang a ni. He percentile hian doctor te chu natna thenkhat hriatchhuah nan a pui thin. Microcephaly a vei tih hriat theih nan i naute lu vel chu 3rd percentile emaw a aia tlem emaw a nih a ngai a ni. 3rd percentile-a lu circumference awm chuan naute zawng zawng zinga 3% aia tlem chuan lu chu a tlangpui aia te an nei tihna a ni a, 97% aia tam chuan lu chu a tlangpui aia lian an nei tihna a ni. A awlsam zawngin, chutiang kum lama naute 100 zingah chuan i naute lu chu a te ber 3 zingah a tel a ni.

Microcephaly hi eng test nge hman thin?

I fa doctor chuan microcephaly a rinhlelh chuan i fa lu vel chu an teh ang a, test dang engemaw zat an nei thei bawk a, chu chu eng nge a thlen tih hriat tumin a ni. Chûng zîngah chuan:

• Imaging test hrang hrang:Lu ultrasound emaw thluak MRI scan emaw hmangin thluak chhung lam a en thei.
• Thisen test: Heng test te hian naupang genes-ah inthlak danglamna a awm em tih emaw, a hnuaia damdawi lam dinhmun a awm em tih hriat theih nan a pui thin.

He natna hi ‘Microcephaly’ an tih hi engtin nge enkawl a nih? Dam theih a ni em?

Dik tak chuan tun dinhmunah hian microcephaly hi damdawi a la awm lo. Mahse, lungngai suh. He natna lan chhuah dan enkawltu tur leh i fate nun tha ber nei tura pui thei tur enkawlna a awm. Heng enkawlnate hian:

• Hriselna lama harsatna dang, a awm a nih chuan enkawl.
• Naupang kum nena inmil taksa leh zirlai milestone a thlen theihna tura puitu hmasawnna rawngbawlna pek. Chûng zîngah chuan special education program, play-based learning method leh thil dang tam tak a tel thei a ni.
• Speech therapy, occupational therapy, leh physical therapy ang chi enkawlna te hian thusawi te, nitin hna thawh tur te, chakna siam te a pui thei che a ni.
• Sikul-ah zirna lama puihna programme bik neih a ni.
• Seizures a awm chuan damdawi tul tak tak pe thin ang che.

Enkawlna hian side effect a nei em?

I fain enkawlna thar eng emaw, a bik takin damdawi thar a hman tan hmain, i doctor nen a nghawng tha lo awm thei te chu sawipui hmasa phawt ang che. I doctor chuan i hriat tur chu a hrilhfiah ang che.

Ka fa hian microcephaly a vei a nih chuan eng nge ka beisei ang?

Microcephaly hi damdawi awm reng awm lo mah se, tunah chuan naupang chu an natna lan chhuah dan nen hlawhtling taka nunpui thei tur enkawlna a awm tih kan hre ta. Naupang a lo puitlin leh a lo thanglian zel chauhvin doctor-te chuan chu natnain nghawng a neih dan chu an hrethiam kim thei a ni. Chuvangin, nausen leh naupan lai zawng zawngah doctor-te chuan harsatna dang an neih loh nan doctor-te chuan an enfiah reng ang.

I fa enkawltu medical team-ah hian naupang enkawltu, neurologist, leh therapist hrang hrangte an tel tlangpui ang. I fa hriselna leh hrisel lohna tihchangtlunna atana mamawh enkawlna, zirtirna leh kaihhruaina an pe ang. Nangmah chauh i ni lo va, tanpui theitu che pawh an tam hle.

Microcephaly vei naupang dam rei zawng chu engzat nge ni ang?

Hei hi a natna nasat danah a innghat tak zet a ni. A then phei chuan naupangin harsatna lian tham a neih loh chuan dam chhung pangngaiin a nung thei a ni.Mahse, he natna hi a na hle a nih chuan, a bik takin naupang thluak hnathawh a nghawng nasat chuan dam rei zawng a tlahniam thei a ni.

Microcephaly hi ven theih a ni em?

A chhan thenkhat chu kan thunun thei lo nain, naupai laiin mahni in enkawl tha chuan i naute microcephaly vei theihna a ti tlem thei a ni. A hnuaia mite hian a pui thei ang:

• Ei leh in inthlau tak ei. Greens, thlai, thei, leh eitur tha tak tak te hi a pawimawh hle.
• I hriselna dinhmun dang (e.g. zunthlum, thisen sang) enkawl rawh.
• Chemical tha lo emaw zu leh ruihhlo ang chi thil emaw ei loh vek.
• Naupai chhung zawnga checkup neih fo leh naute pum chhunga naute lo thanglian dan enfiah.

Naupai laia hrisel taka awm theihna tura i tih theihte chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh. Thurawn tha ber ber an pe ang che.

Engtikah nge ka fa chu Doctor hmu turin ka hruai ang?

I fain heng symptoms te hi a neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni:

• I fain a kum nena inmil developmental milestone a tlin loh chuan (e.g., a hun taka a lu chawi lo, nuih loh, crawling lo).
• A hming emaw, thupek awlsam tak emaw a chhan loh chuan.
• Chaw ei leh ei harsa i tih chuan.
• I mitin a zui lo che emaw, thil che thei emaw a zui loh chuan.

A pawimawh ber: I fain seizure a neih chuan hospital emergency room hnai berah hruai nghal la, 1990 ah call rawh.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I fain microcephaly a vei tih i hriat chuan zawhna tam tak i nei mai thei. Doctor hnenah hetiang thil hi zawt hreh suh:

• Ka fa hian microcephaly na tak a nei em?
• He dinhmun hian engtin nge ka fa hmasawnna a nghawng ang?
• Ka fa chu a zir theih nân special education program-ah ka inziak lut tûr em ni?
• Damdawi i pekte hian eng side effect nge a neih?
• Eng complication chhinchhiahna nge ka fimkhur tur?

Microcephaly hi nausen lu chu beisei aia te zawk a ni. Hetiang thil i zir hian lungkhamna i neih hi thil pangngai a ni. Mahse, i naute medical team chuan i naute hmasawnna chu an enfiah ang a, a tanpui nan service mamawh an pe ang tih hre reng ang che. I naute chu a kum anga thil pawimawh tak tak, kea kal emaw, a thusawi hmasa ber sawi emaw ang chi a thlen tlai tih i hriat chuan doctor pan nghal rawh. I naute a lo seilian chhoh zel chuan a hmaa inrawlh hi a \angkai hle thei a ni.

Kan sawi tawh ang khan Take-Home Message

Okay, chuti a nih chuan, hetah hian ‘Microcephaly’ chungchanga kan sawi tawh atang hian, kan ngaihtuah tur pawimawh tak tak thenkhat han khaikhawm ila:

• Microcephaly hi hlauh tur a ni lo va, mahse ngaihtuahawm tur condition a ni: Ni e, naute thluak hmasawnna nen a inzawm tlat a ni. Amaherawhchu, naute zawng zawng a nghawng dan inang vek lo.
• A chhan tam tak a awm thei: genetic factors, naupai laiin nuin natna a neih te, ei leh in lama harsatna a neih te hian a pui thei vek a ni.
• Hriat hmasak a pawimawh: Hei hi nau piang lai emaw, nau neih hmaa scan hmangin emaw hriat theih a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan a tul anga hmalak vat theih a ni.
• Damdawi a awm lo, mahse tanpuina a awm: Damdawi famkim a awm loh laiin, naupang nun tha tak nei tura pui thei tur enkawlna, enkawlna leh puihna service tam tak a awm a. Inrawlh hmasak hi a tha ber.
• Nu hriselna hi a pawimawh hle: Nu hriselna tha tak a awm theih nan te, eitur tha tak ei te, naupai laiin damdawi lam thurawn zawm te hian heng natna vei theihna hi a tihziaawm theih a ni.
• Nangmah chauh i ni lo: Doctor te, therapist te, leh chhungte chu nang leh i naute tanpui turin an awm vek a ni. Zawhna zawh leh tanpuina dil hlau suh.

Chuvangin, i naute chungchangah rinhlelhna i neih chuan i thinlungah chelh suh la, lungngai suh, a rang thei ang bera Doctor pan rawh. Chu chu i tih theih ṭha ber a ni.

` Microcephaly, lu te tak te, nausen thluak thanna, hmasawnna tlai, genetic diseases, naupai hriselna, nausen hriselna