Nang pawhin chak lo takin i inhria em? Hei hi myopathy an tih condition a ni mai thei!

A chang chuan i ke ruhte chu chak lo leh chau ang maiin i inhria em? Chair atanga tho emaw, thil rit tak chawi emaw, i sam hrual emaw ang chi thil awlsam tak tak pawh tih harsa i ti em? Chhan awm lova i taksa ruhte chu a chak lo nia i hriat chuan thil pangngai anga ngaih mai mai suh. Heng natna lan chhuah chhan hi ‘myopathy’ an tih, vawiinah hian kan sawi dawn a ni mai thei. Lungngai suh, he thu hi i hriatthiam theih tur awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

Myopathy hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

Myopathy hi a awlsam zawngin kan ruh nena inzawm taksa ruhte tichhe thei natna chi khat a ni. Heng natnate hian kan taksa ruh (muscle fiber) te a tichhe a, a tichak lo bawk. Car engine a chak lo ang bawkin khalh a harsa a, taksa ruh a chak loh chuan kan taksa tan nitin hna thawh a harsa thin.

Myopathy chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, myopathies hi kawng hrang hrangin kan thliar hrang thei a ni. Anni hi chi hnih-ah ṭhen an ni ber a, chungte chu inherited leh acquired myopathies . Heng chi hrang hrangte hi han thlir ila.

Inherited Myopathies hi eng nge ni?

Hengte hi myopathy chi hrang hrang, kan pian tirh atanga kan taksaa awm, kan nu emaw, kan pa emaw atanga lo awm fo thin, gene mutation pangngai lo rochun avanga lo awm a ni.

• Pianpui myopathies: 1.1.

Nau piang emaw, naupan lai emaw atanga a lan chhuah dan a ni tlangpui. Mahse, a châng chuan puitling tleirawl emaw, a hnu lamah emaw pawh an lo lang thei a ni. Hetiang chi danglamna pakhat chu a chak lohna hi taksa lairil bula ruh awmte chauh a ni lo va, taksa pum ruhte a nghawng thei a, natna hi a kal zel lo fo thin.

• Mitochondrial myopathies te hi a awm thei lo.

Kan cell-te hian factory te tak te, mitochondria an tih, chakna siamtu an nei a. Hetiang myopathy chi hi heng mitochondria-a chhiatna awm vang a ni. Muscle chak lohna bakah hian heng dinhmunte hian taksa peng dang, thinlung, thluak leh chaw kawng (gastrointestinal system) te pawh a nghawng thei bawk. Chhungkaw history awm emaw awm lo emaw pawh nise, genetic mutations vangin an lo piang thei a ni.

• Metabolic myopathies te hi a awm thei lo.

He myopathy hi taksa peng hrang hrang hnathawh leh che tha thei tur enzyme siamtu genes chhiatna avanga lo awm a ni. Exercise laiin hahna a thlen thei a, exercise lak laiin ke leh ke ruh a na thei a, rhabdomyolysis an tih natna a thlen thei a, chutah chuan taksa ruh (muscle fiber) te chu hliam awm lovin a chhe thei a ni. A châng chuan a lan chhuah dan chu a lo thleng thei a, a kal leh thei a, taksa ruh chak lohna a awm a, chutah chuan a pangngaiah a kir leh thei bawk.

• Muscular dystrophies te hi a awm thei lo.

Hetiang hunah hian taksa peng hrang hrangte chu taksa peng hrang hrangte mamawh structural support proteins a dik lo emaw, a tlakchham emaw vangin a chak lo zauh zauh a, a atrophy bawk. Chutiang apiangah chuan kut leh/ emaw ke chu degree hrang hrangin a nghawng a ni. A chang chuan mit emaw hmai ruh (muscle) te pawh a nghawng thei bawk.

Acquired myopathies tih hi eng nge ni?

Hengte hi myopathies chi hrang hrang, nakin lawka lo awm thin an ni. Thil chi hrang hrang avanga lo awm thei a ni a, chung zingah chuan natna dang, hri kai, damdawi thenkhat ei leh taksaa electrolyte inthlauhna te pawh a tel.

• Autoimmune/inflammatory myopathy a awm a, a chhuahna tur hmun leh a hmanna tur chu:

Hemiah hian thil thleng chu kan taksa ngeiin kan taksa peng hrang hrangte hian kan taksa ruh (muscle) te hi a rawn bei a ni. Chuvang chuan taksa ruh hnathawh a tichhe thin. Kan defense ngeiin an rawn beih ang mai a ni.

• Toxic myopathy natna (Toxic myopathy) a awm a:

Hetiang dinhmun hi toxin emaw damdawi emaw in taksa peng hrang hrangte insiam dan emaw, hnathawh dan emaw a tihbuai hian a lo awm thin.

• Toxins: Zu, toluene (paint ang chi thila awm, mi thenkhatin sang tak an neih theih nan an inhnim thin thil hnim hring).
• Damdawi: Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy damdawi (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab), corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone), cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi (statins), amiodarone, colchicine, chloroquine, antivirals leh HIV kai tur protease inhibitor, omeprazole.

• Endocrine myopathies te hi a awm thei lo.

Hetiang dinhmun hi kan taksaa hormone hnathawhnain taksa ruh a nghawng hian a lo awm thin.

• Thyroid gland: Thyroid hormone level hniam (hypothyroidism) hi a tam zawk mahse, thyroid hormone level sang (hyperthyroidism) vang pawh hian harsatna a awm thei bawk.
• Parathyroid gland: Hyperparathyroidism hian thisenah calcium level a tisang a.
• Adrenal gland: `Addison natna` leh `Cushing natna` te a ni.

• Hri kai theih myopathies: 1.1.

Infection hrang hrang hian taksa ruh hnathawh a tichhe thei a ni.

• Viral kai te: `HIV`, `influenza`, `Epstein-Barr` te an ni.
• Bacteria natna hrik kai: `bacterial pyomyositis`.
• `Lyme natna`.
• Parasitic infection: `trichinosis`, `toxoplasmosis`, `cysticercosis` te hi a awm thei a ni.
• Fungal natna hrik kai: Candida, Coccidiomycosis.

• Electrolyte inthlauhna: 1.1.

Kan taksaa electrolyte pawimawh thenkhat level sang emaw tlahniam emaw hian taksa peng hrang hrangte hnathawh a nghawng thei a ni.

• Potassium: a tlahniam (`hypokalemia`), a pung (`hyperkalemia`).
• Magnesium: A pung (`Hypermagnesemia`).

• Intensive care unit-a natna khirh tak tak nei myopathy:

Hei hi natna khirh tak leh intensive care unit (ICU)-a enkawl mekte kut leh ke leh thawkna ruh a nghawng thin a ni. Hun rei tak che thei lo vang emaw, enkawl laia hman thin taksa ruh tidamtu, corticosteroid leh mutna damdawi hman avanga lo awm thei a ni.

Tute nge myopathy vei tam zawk? Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Myopathy hi tu pawhah a awm thei tak tak a, mahse mi thenkhat chu a hlauhawmna a sang deuh hlek a ni.

A hlauhawmna tipung thei thilte:

• Chhungkaw zinga mi pakhatin myopathy a neih chuan he natna hi genetically-a rochun theihna chance a sang hle.
• Mipa nihna. Myopathy chi thenkhat chu X chromosome kaltlangin a kal zel a, chuvangin hmeichhia aiin mipa a nghawng nasa zawk thei. Mahse, congenital myopathy chi hrang hrang chromosome dang hmanga kai darh hian mi zawng zawng hi a nghawng vek a ni.
• Autoimmune, metabolic, emaw endocrine natna nei.
• Damdawi emaw toxin emaw thenkhat nena inzawmna (toxic myopathy chungchang kan sawi tawh kha en la).

Myopathy vei tam dan hi a chi hrang hrangah a inang lo. Entirnan, nakin lawkah myopathy lo awm thin:

• Inflammatory leh endocrine myopathies hi chi dang aiin a tam zawk a, mipa aiin hmeichhiaah a tam zawk.
• Mi 100,000 zinga 9 leh 32 inkar hian inflammatory myopathies an vei a ni.
• Hypothyroidism vei puitling 25% leh 79% inkar chuan taksa ruh nena inzawm natna an nei thei a, mahse overt myopathy vei hi 10% vel a ni thei.

Congenital myopathies awm tam ber chu muscular dystrophies a ni a, mipaah ​​a tam zawk tlangpui.

• Duchenne leh Becker’s muscular dystrophies hi a tam ber a, khawvel puma mi 100,000 zinga 7 velin an vei a ni.
• Mitochondrial natna hian mi 5,000 zinga pakhat a vei a, heng zinga a tam zawk hian ruh ruh (skeletal muscle) a nghawng a ni.
• Congenital myopathies chi dang hi a tlem hle.

Chuti a nih chuan, myopathy symptoms chu engte nge ni?

Myopathy chi hrang hrang hian a lan chhuah dan tlangpui engemaw zat a nei a. Chungte chu:

• Muscle chak lohna.A bik takin ke ruh, kut chunglam, leh kekawrte (hengte hi a nghawng nasa ber leh a na ber berte an ni).
• Muscle cramps, stiffness, leh spasms te a awm bawk.
• Exercise i tih lai emaw, hna tenau tak pawh tih lai emawa chau vanga inhriatna.
• Nunna nei lo leh chakna tlachham anga inhriatna.

Myopathy hi eng ang nge a nih tak tak?

Myopathie tam takah chuan taksa sir lehlamah (symmetric) muscle te chu a chak lo vek a. Taksa lai tak (proximal muscles) hnaih zawk, kekawrte, kut chunglam, hip leh kekawrte te hi a nghawng nasa hle. Chumi avang chuan symptoms i nei thei a, chungte chu:

• Nitin hna thawh harsat, inbual, incheina, leh sam hrual te.
• Chair atanga tho harsa, stairs chhoh, emaw i lu chunglam pan ngai hna (e.g., ceiling-a light bulb thlak) tih te.
• Muscle te chu a inher leh a inher chhuak ang maia hriatna.
• Thiltih pakhat kan tih hian taksa ruhte hi a chau nghal vat thin.
• Exercise neih laiin thawk harsa.

A tlangpuiin kutphah leh kephah ruh a nghawng lo.

Symptom dangte chu myopathy chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo.

• Muscle chak lohna hi a awm reng (non-progressive) emaw, zawi zawiin a kal zel emaw pawh a ni thei. Natna thenkhatah chuan taksa chak lohna a lo thleng thei a, a lo kal leh thei a, a then erawh chuan chakna pangngai a awm thei bawk.
• Naupang tê tête motor thiamna (e.g. kea kal, zuang, stairs chhoh, spoon emaw pencil emaw keng) tihhmasawn tlai.
• Infiamna emaw pawn lama inkhelh emaw (e.g., catch khelh) laiin naupang dangte nena inpawh thei lo.
• Chaw ei leh thusawi tura puitu taksa peng hrang hranga harsatna awm. Hei hian ei tur a tikhawlo thei a, thusawi pawh a tichhe thei bawk.

Myopathy ka vei nia ka rinhlelh chuan engtin nge ka tih ang?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan i primary care doctor nen inbia hmasa tur a ni. I natna lan chhuah dan azirin specialist, neurologist emaw, rheumatologist emaw hnenah a refer thei che a ni.

Engtin nge myopathy hi an hriat theih?

I doctor chuan i damdawi lam chanchin te, i chhungte zingah tu emaw pawhin hetiang natna hi an nei tawh em tih te, eng damdawi nge i ei tih te, leh i natna lan chhuah dan te a zawt ang che. Tichuan physical exam an ti leh ang. I vun, reflexes, muscle chakna, balance leh sensation te an check ang.

Doctor-in a tih tur test chi hrang hrang:

• Thisen test dan: 1.1.
• Myopathie thenkhatah chuan muscle fibers a chhe avangin muscle enzyme level creatine kinase (CK) emaw aldolase emaw a sang thei a ni.
• Electrolyte level sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, leh phosphorus te a awm a.
• Autoimmune natna test: Entirnan, `Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA), `Rheumatoid Factor', `Sedimentation Rate' leh `C-reactive protein' te.
• Endocrine gland test: entirnan, thyroid hormone level te.
• Electromyography (EMG) leh nerve conduction zirchianna: Heng test-te hian nerve kal tlanga electric a kal dan tehna leh taksa ruh chhunga needle te te dahin taksa ruh chhiatna chi leh a zau zawng a teh a ni.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hmanga taksa peng hrang hrangte test .
• Genetic test neih a ni.
• Muscle biopsy: Hei hi surgery hmanga taksa peng te tak te chu enfiah turin lakchhuah a ni.

Myopathy hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

I myopathy chi dik tak chu i hriat chian hnuah i doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan ang zela enkawlna tur ruahmanna a siam ang.

Enkawlna tam zâwk chu taksa lam enkawlna, hnathawhna lama enkawlna, leh exercise chi khat . Enkawlna dangte chu myopathy chi hrang hrangah a innghat a ni. A tlangpuiin, acquired myopathies tam zawk hi chu uluk taka enkawl theih a ni a, chak lohna leh symptoms te pawh a tlem thei hle. Congenital myopathies thenkhatah chuan enkawlna bik an nei a, chu chuan natna a tikhawtlai thei a ni. Tunah hian congenital myopathie tam zawk hi enkawlna bik a awm lo a, mahse physical therapy leh exercise chi thenkhat hian a pui thei a ni.

Inflammatory leh autoimmune nena inzawm myopathies te a awm

Hengte enkawlna tum ber chu inflammation tihziaawmna leh taksa autoimmune response tihziaawmna a ni. Heng myopathies enkawl dan tlangpui chu:

• Immunomodulatory/immunosuppressant damdawi: Entirnan, methotrexate, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, azathioprine, mycophenolate, rituximab, leh intravenous (IVIg) emaw subcutaneous (SubQIg) immunoglobulin te hi a ni.
• `Corticosteroids`: Entirnan `prednisone` emaw `methylprednisolone` emaw.

Inherited leh genetic myopathies te a awm bawk

Congenital leh genetic myopathies tam tak hian enkawlna bik emaw, tihdamna kimchang emaw an nei lo.Management hi a bul berah chuan symptom control leh therapeutic modalities hrang hrang hmanga enkawl a ni. Enkawlna leh gene therapy chungchangah hian zirchianna hrang hrangah clinical trial engemawzat neih mek a ni.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy leh Pompe disease an tih te hi damdawi bik hmanga enkawl theih a ni.

Acquired myopathies dangte pawh a awm bawk

Doctor-te chuan endocrine, toxic leh infectious cause avanga myopathies awmte chu myopathy thlentu natna hnuaia awm chu enkawlin an enkawl thin. Toxic myopathies hi thil tisualtu (e.g., zu, toluene) emaw ruihhlo (e.g., statins) emaw tihtawp hmanga enkawl a ni. Bacteria, virus emaw, natna hrik dang emaw avanga taksa ruh (muscle symptoms) hi a tlangpuiin a natna chu antibiotics hmanga direct-a enkawl a nih chuan a tha zawk thin.

Engtin nge ka hriselna ka enkawl ang?

Myopathy hi pianpui emaw, acquired emaw, hun rei tak (chronic) condition emaw pawh ni se, i hriselna vawng reng tur leh condition enkawl dan tur i tih theih tur a awm. Chung zingah chuan:

• Ei leh in tha leh inthlau tak ei rawh. I eitur ah hian thei leh thlai chi hrang hrang tam tak telh la.
• Cardiovascular exercise na lo tak tak hmangin active takin awm rawh. I myopathy chi hrang hrang a zirin weight lifting chi hrang hrang ti lo turin fuih i ni thei bawk. Chuvangin exercise program eng pawh i tan hmain i doctor nen inbia ang che.
• I taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• Dermatomyositis vanga vun rawng i neih chuan ni laka i vun venhim tur a ni. Hei hian rash chu a ti na zual thei. A theih phawt chuan invenna thawmhnaw leh lukhum bun thin ang che. Pawn chhuah hmain SPF 30 tal nei sunscreen hnawih hmasak phawt theihnghilh suh.
• I ei harsat chuan ei tur nem emaw, semi-solid emaw ei thin ang che. I chaw ei tur pawh i puree thei bawk. Khum muhil i nih chuan khumah thu chungin chaw ei rawh.
• Damdawi pek zawng zawng chu a hun takah ei vek tur a ni.
• Physics therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy ang chi enkawlna te chu a rawt a nih chuan, chutah chuan tel ve rawh.

Myopathy chi hrang hrang a awm avangin i doctor chuan i myopathy chi leh i symptoms te nena inmil tur treatment plan a siam a ngai dawn tih hre reng ang che. Chuvangin a thupek dik taka zawm a pawimawh. Tin, i taksa pawh ngaihven bawk ang che. I dinhmun a inthlak danglam emaw, i symptoms nasat dan emaw chu chhinchhiah rawh. I doctor chu a hun takah (a nih loh leh inthlak danglamna i hriat chuan a hma zawkin) hmu rawh. Chutiang chuan i enkawlna tur ruahmannaah i natna lan chhuah veleh inthlak danglamna i siam thei ang.

A tawp berah chuan hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte

Myopathy hi hlauh tur a ni lo a, mahse ngaihthah tur condition pawh a ni lo.

• Muscle chak lohna, natna emaw, hahna emaw i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.
• Myopathy hi chi hrang hrang a awm a, chuvangin dik taka hriat chian a pawimawh hle.
• Myopathy chi hrang hrang enkawlna leh enkawl dan a awm a.
• I doctor thupek zawm a, damdawi pek tur i ei a, nun hrisel tak i neih chuan he natna nen hian nun tha tak i hmang thei ang.

He thu hi i tanpui theih ka beisei. Zawhna dang i neih chuan engtik lai pawhin Doctor biak pawh hlau suh.

` Myopathy, thau chak lo, thau na, genetic natna, autoimmune natna, taksa ruh symptoms, myopathy enkawlna