I fa naupangte hian an pum emaw, a kawngah emaw, lump ang maia hriatna a nei em? A nih loh leh an mit velah hian hliam emaw, blue spot emaw, vuak ang maia lang a awm em? Nu emaw pa zawng zawng hian hetiang thil an hmuh hian an hlauthawng hle a, an lungngai hle bawk. A tam hle mai. Mahse a chang chuan hengte hi cancer chi khat ‘Neuroblastoma’ an tih chhinchhiahna a ni thei a, a bik takin naupang tê têah a awm ṭhin. Chuvangin vawiinah hian hlau lovin he thu hi sawi ila, i hriat tur zawng zawng chiang takin i sawifiah ang u.
Neuroblastoma hi eng nge ni tak tak?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Neuroblastoma hi cancer chi khat a ni a, naupang leh naute nervous system-ah a lo awm a. Kan taksa nerve te hi nerve cell puitling lo ‘neuroblasts’ an tih atanga siam a ni. Heng nerve cell puitling lo tak takah hian neuroblastoma cancer a lo awm thin.
A tam zawkah chuan he cancer hi adrenal glands-a nerve cell puitling lo, kal chunga awm gland te tak te pahnih atanga intan a ni. Heng gland te hian kan taksaa thil tam tak, kan hriat loh thil tam tak, heart rate, thisen sang, thawk, leh chaw ei dan te control thei hormone an siam chhuak thin. Hei bakah hian he cancer hi ruhro, pum, rilru, emaw kawr chhunga nerve tissue-ah pawh a intan thei bawk. Hun kal zelah heng cancer cell te hi taksa peng dangah a darh thei a ni.
He natna vei naupang tan hian thil engemaw zat a innghat a, chung zingah chuan cancer awmna hmun, naupang kum leh stage (cancer a darh dan) te pawh a tel.
Hei hi natna tlanglawn tak a ni em?
Ni lo, Neuroblastoma hi cancer hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni. Mahse a pawimawh ber chu nausen cancer chi khat hmuh tur awm tam ber a ni. He natna hi naupang kum 5 hnuai lam ah a awm tlangpui a, a chang chuan he cancer hi nausen pum chhunga a la awm lai pawhin a lo awm thei. Naupang kum 10 chunglam zingah he cancer hi hmuh tur a awm lo hle.
Neuroblastoma stage hrang hrangte hi engtin nge an thliar hrang?
I fain he natna hi a vei tih finfiah a nih chuan doctor-te chuan cancer hi eng chen nge a darh tawh tih leh a lo thang chak zia an en leh ang. Hei hian natna ‘risk level’ a hril dawn a ni. Chumi hnuah chauh chuan naupang tan enkawlna tha ber thlan a ni ang.
Tun hma chuan he stage hi operation hnua taksaa cancer awm zat enin an hre thin. Mahse tunah chuan doctor-te chuan internationally accepted method an hmang ta a ni. Chutah chuan cancer chu eng chen nge a darh tawh tih enin stage a ruat a, chu chu scan (`CT scan` emaw `MRI` ang chi) hmanga teh a ni. Heng stage te hi a awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u.
| Natna Stage a ni | A awlsam zawngin sawifiah a ni |
|---|---|
| Phase L1 ah a awm | Hei hi risk level hniam ber a ni. Cancer hi taksa peng khatah chauh a awm a. Tin, taksa peng lian tak tak pawh a nghawng lo. |
| Stage L2 a ni | Hetah pawh hian cancer hi hmun khatah chauh a awm a ni. Mahse, a bul hnaia lymph node-ah a darh tawh mai thei. Tin, cancer hi thisen kalna kawng lian tak takah a inkhuh avangin taksa peng pawimawh tak takah nghawng engemaw zat a awm bawk. |
| Phase M. a ni | Hei hi risk level sang ber a ni. Hetah hian cancer cell te hi taksa peng khat aia tam, chu chu hmun hla tak takah (distant metastatic disease) a darh tawh a ni. |
| Stage MS ah a awm | Hei hi thil danglam bik a ni. Naupang thla 18 hnuai lam ah chauh hmuh tur a awm. Hetah hian cancer hi vun, thin emaw, ruhro emaw-ah chauh a darh a ni. Hetiang dinhmuna ding naupangte hian dam theihna chance an nei sang hle. Hei hi low-risk condition anga ngaih a ni tlangpui. |
Engvangin nge hetiang cancer hi a lo awm?
A chhan ber chu a hmaa kan sawi tawh nerve cell puitling lo (`neuroblasts`) te hi thunun theih lohvin an thang lian vang a ni. Chu cell-ah chuan genetic mutation a awm chuan, chu cell-te chu an inthen darh a, a pangngai lo takin an lo thang lian tan a ni. Chutianga cell pungkhawmte chuan tumor an siam a. Doctor-te chuan he genetic mutation awm chhan dik tak hi an la hre lo.
A pawimawh ber chu hei hi nu leh pa te tihsual vang a ni lo. Tin, 98% - 99% ah he natna hi rochun a ni lo.
Mahse, chhungkaw zinga mi tu emaw chuan Neuroblastoma hi a lo vei tawh a nih chuan naupangin a vei theihna chance tlemte a awm. Mahse a tlem hle. Tin, naupang pianpui thil dang (congenital anomalies) nei te pawhin he natna hi an vei theihna chance a sang deuh hlek bawk.
He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?
Neuroblastoma natna lan chhuah dan hi a inang lo hle. Ṭhenkhat chu zawi zawiin an ṭan thei. Heng symptoms te hi tumor awmna hmun leh natna stage ah a innghat a ni. Vawi tam tak chu natna lanchhuahna a lan chhuah meuh chuan cancer hi taksa peng dangah a darh tawh a ni.
Heng a lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:
- Lumps: Kawr, rilru, pum, emaw pelvis-a khawih theiha awm. Nausen ah chuan vun hnuaiah hian blue emaw purple emaw lumps engemaw zat hmuh tur a awm thei.
- Mit: Mit hmalam atanga chhuak ang maia lang, mit vel chu dum/blue rawng, hliam ang maia awm.
- Pum natna: Luak chhuak, chaw ei kham, pum na, chaw ei chak lohna.
- Chauhna leh paleness: Chauhna, khuh, khawsik reng reng. Vun dum (pale skin) a ni. Hei hi thisen zam (anemia) vang a ni a, chu chu thisen sen (red blood cells) tlahniam vang a ni.
- Bloating: Pum a hring a, a na bawk.
- Thâwk harsa: A bik takin nausen naupangte tan.
- Chak lo: Ke leh kea chak lo, kal harsa, a nih loh leh paralysis.
Natna a zual zel chuan heng ang symptoms te hi a lo lang thei bawk:
- Thisen sang leh thinlung thawk chak.
- Ruh, hnungzang emaw, ke emaw a na.
- Taksa inthlauhna leh incheina lama harsatna a awm.
- Mit chet chak tak, thunun theih loh.
- Horner’s syndrome an tih, hmai sir khat chauha mitmeng tla, mitmeng te te, leh thawk hahna tlahniam te a ni.
He natna hi Doctor ten engtin nge an hriat chian?
Hetiang dinhmun hi naupang kum 5 hnuai lam atanga hmuhchhuah a ni fo a, a chang chuan, naute chu nausen pum chhunga a la awm laiin ultrasound scan-ah pawh he lump hi hmuh theih a ni.
I doctor chuan test eng emaw zat a ti ang a, a natna chu a finfiah ang.
Taksa enfiahna
A hmasa berin Doctor chuan uluk takin naupang chu a enfiah ang. Lump leh thil danglam dang a awm leh awm loh an enfiah ang. Tin, nervous system hnathawh dan, reflexes leh coordination te enfiah turin neurological exam an nei bawk ang.
Thisen leh Zun Test
Heng test-ah hian thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) leh thisen dik lo dang awm leh awm loh enfiah nan complete blood count (CBC) tih te, cancer a awm laia thisen leh zun chhunga chemical thenkhat awm zat enfiah te a tel a ni.
Biopsy tih a ni
Heta tih tur hi chu lump atanga tissue te tak te tak te la chhuakin microscope hmanga enfiah a ni. Hei hian Neuroblastoma a nihzia 100% a tichiang a ni. He tissue piece-a cancer cell-te hian an chromosome-ah danglamna bik an nei em tih a enfiah bawk. Chu thu chu naupang risk level leh enkawlna tur ruahmanna siamnaah a pawimawh hle.
Bone Marrow Biopsy hmanga tih a ni
Bone marrow hi kan ruh lian tak chhunga spongy part a ni. Hei hi kan thisen cell siamna hmun a ni. He test hi ruhroah cancer a darh tawh em tih hriat nan an ti thin.
Imaging Scan hmanga tihchhuah a ni
Scan chi hrang hrang hmangin cancer hi khawiah nge a awm tih te, a lian zia te, hmun dangah a darh tawh em tih te an enfiah thin.
- CT scan: Taksaah hian dye bik an inject a, X-ray image hrang hrang an la a.
- MRI scan: Magnet leh radio wave hmangin taksa chhung lam chipchiar taka thlalak a la thin.
- MIBG scan: Hei hi Neuroblastoma tan bik scan a ni. He scan-ah hian radioactive chemical him tak taksaah an inject a ni. He chemical hi Neuroblastoma cell awmna hmunah a kal thin. Tichuan, Camera bik hmanga en chuan taksaa cancer a darhna hmun chu chiang takin a lang thei a ni. Mahse, naupang cancer cell 10% vel chuan he MIBG hi an absorb lo. Chutiang hunah chuan scan chi dang `PET scan` an tih chu hman a ni.
- Ultrasound scan leh X-ray: Hengte hi a bul berah chuan tumor awmna hmun leh a chhehvel taksa peng hrang hranga a nghawng dan rough idea neih nan hman a ni.
Neuroblastoma hi eng enkawlna nge ni?
Enkawlna chu naupang kum, natna stage, risk level leh tumor awmna hmun a zirin a innghat a ni. Doctor team chuan i fa enkawlna tur ruahmanna tha ber siam turin an thawk ho ang che.
Risk level a zirin enkawl a ni
- Low-Risk Neuroblastoma: Hetiang category-a naupang thenkhat, a bik takin thla 6 hnuai lam te chu enkawl ngai lovin an doctor-in a enkawl theih a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu tumor thenkhat chu enkawl ngai lovin anmahni chauhin an bo vek a ni. Naupang dangte chuan tumor lak chhuah nân operation emaw, chemotherapy emaw, a pahnih emaw an mamawh thei a ni.
- Intermediate-Risk Neuroblastoma: Heng naupangte hi a tlangpuiin operation an nei a, tumor lakchhuah an ni. Lymph node-ah a darh tawh chuan an paih chhuak bawk. Chemotherapy hi zai zawhah pek thin a ni. A châng chuan, tumor tihtlem nan operation hmain chemotherapy pek a ni thei bawk.
- High-Risk Neuroblastoma: Heng naupangte hi enkawlna hrang hrang pek an ni. Hei hian chemotherapy, surgery, stem cell transplant hmanga chemotherapy dose sang tak, radiation, leh immunotherapy te a huam thei a ni.
A bik takin naupang an cancer cell-a MYCN gene extra copy nei te chu natna stage eng pawh ni se, high-risk anga ngaih an ni a, a chhan chu he gene hian cancer hi a tipung thei a, a darh chak thei a ni.
Inenkawl dan tur tlem han zir belh leh ila.
I fate chu eng enkawlna nge pek a nih tih leh eng nge a keng tel dawn tih hriatthiamna chiang tak i neih a pawimawh hle.
| Enkawl dan tur | A awlsam zawngin, eng nge thleng? |
|---|---|
| Chemotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni | Hei hian cancer cells inthen darh leh thanlenna tur titawptu damdawi pek a huam a ni. Heng damdawi te hi vein hmanga pek an ni. He enkawlna hian kar tam tak emaw, thla tam tak emaw a daih thei. |
| Inzai | Surgeon-te chuan cancer tumor chu paih chhuah tumin surgery an ti thin. Amaherawhchu, a chang chuan paih kim theih a ni lo mai thei. Chutiang hunah chuan chemotherapy emaw radiation therapy emaw hmangin cell la awm zawng zawng tihchhiat a ni. |
| Radiation hmanga enkawlna a ni | High-energy rays hi cancer cell tihchhiat nan emaw, an thanlenna tihtawp nan emaw hman a ni. He enkawlna hi naupang hlauhawm tak takte hnenah pek a ni fo thin a, chu chu enkawl hnua cancer a lo let leh loh nan a ni. |
| Immunotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni | Hei hian naupang taksa hriselna (immune system) chu enkawlna dang hnua cancer cell awm rengte bei turin a zirtirna hmangin hna a thawk a ni. Damdawi bik (antibodies) chu vein kaltlangin pek thin a ni. Heng damdawi te hian Neuroblastoma cells chunglama protein pakhat GD2 an tih chu an hmuchhuak a, an inzawm khawm thin. Chu chuan taksa immune system chu chu cell te chu tichhe turin signal a pe a ni. |
| Stem Cell thlak danglam a ni | Hei hi enkawlna engemaw chen chu a buaithlak hle. Pakhatnaah chuan naupang ngeiin a thisen a\angin a stem cell hrisel tak tak chu la chhuakin freezer-ah dah a ni. Tichuan, taksaa cancer cell awm zawng zawng tihlum vek turin chemotherapy chak tak, dose sang tak pek a ni. Tichuan, chu cell hrisel dahkhawmte chu naupang taksaah dah leh a ni. Chu cell te chu ruhro (bone marrow)-ah kal in thisen cell hrisel thar leh immune system an siam a ni. |
He natna tihdam theihna chance hi eng nge ni? (Prognosis) tih a ni.
Hei hi nu leh pa zawng zawng rilrua zawhna lian ber a ni. Naupang neuroblastoma vei te dam leh zat hi a inang lo hle.
- Recovery rate hi naupang low or medium risk category , a bik takin naupang te tan a sang hle. Naupang 90% - 95% vel chu an dam vek.
- High-risk group -a naupang kum upa zawkte dam leh zat chu 60% vel a ni .
Mahse, beiseina bansan suh. Doctor leh zirchiangtute chuan he naupang hlauhawm tak pawl tan hian enkawlna tha zawk zawng turin an bei reng a ni. Enkawlna thar tam tak, hlawhtling taka rah chhuah nei tawh an awm.
He natna hi ven theih a ni em?
Vanduaithlak takin Neuroblastoma hi ven dan tur a awm lo. Naupan laia nangmah emaw, i kawppui emaw hian he natna hi i lo nei tawh a nih chuan, emaw, i chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan he natna hi a vei tawh a nih chuan, i doctor hnenah he natna chungchang hi sawipui rawh. Mahse hre reng ang che, hereditary Neuroblastoma hi a tlem hle, a tlem hle (1% - 2% chauh).
Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?
I fa hian kan sawi tawh ang chi natna lan chhuahna a nei nia i rinhlelh chuan tihkhawtlai suh la, a rang thei ang bera doctor pan rawh. Chutiang hunah chuan natna hriat hmasak leh enkawl hian naupang dam lehna kawngah nasa takin nghawng a nei thei a ni.
Naupangin cancer a vei tih hriat chhuah a nih chuan chhungkaw pum tan a harsa thei hle. Shock lian tak a ni. Mahse, nangmah chauh i ni lo. Heng naupang enkawltu doctor te, nurse te, staff te hi an inpekna a sang hle a ni. Tin, i doctor hnenah support group chungchang zawt la, chutah chuan nu leh pa dang, chutiang thil tawn tawhte nen pawh inbiakna neih theih a ni. Thil tawn inhrilhhriatna leh midang chanchin ngaihthlak hi i tan chakna petu ropui tak a ni thei.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Neuroblastoma hi cancer chi khat a ni a, naupang te, a bik takin nausen te zingah a awm thin.
- I fain a pum emaw, a kawr emaw a hnim hring, a mit vel a hliam, a khawsik reng reng, a nih loh leh ei duh lohna ang chi natna lan chhuahna a neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
- He natna hi nu leh pa te tihsual vang a ni lo. Random genetic change avanga lo awm a ni. Chhuan hrang hranga kal zel hi a tlem hle.
- Enkawl dan pawh a changkang hle. Naupang natna vei theihna tur risk level a zirin enkawl dan tur a ruat thin.
- Risk hniam group-a naupangte hi an dam leh theihna chance a sang hle. Naupang hlauhawm tak takte tan chuan enkawlna thar, tangkai tak tak hmuhchhuah a ni reng a ni. I medical team te hi ring reng ang che.
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