Toilet i kal dawnin i ek chhungah thisen tlem a awm tih i hmu ngai em? A nih loh leh, i rilṭâm, i pum na, a nih loh leh chaw ei khamna a lo danglam nghâl fo em? Hengte hi thil pangngai angin hnawl suh. A chhan chu hengte hi rectal cancer ang chi natna khirh tak chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a ni thei. Sawi chu a harsa deuhin a lang thei a, mahse i hriselna hriat chian a pawimawh. Chuvangin, he thu hi chipchiar takin, awlsam takin sawi ila.
A awlsam zawngin, rectal cancer chu eng nge ni?
Colon cancer chu colon wall-a cell pangngai lo, rectum pawh tiamin, control loha lo thanglian hi a ni. Hei hi a tlangpuiin cancer chi khat, a lo thang chak lo hle.
A tam zawkah chuan rectum chhung lam bang atanga lo piang chhuak te te (polyps) atanga tan a ni. Heng a lo thang lian te hi adenomas kan ti a . Hetianga thanlenna tenau tak hi cancer a nih theih nan kum 10 atanga kum 15 vel a ngai thei. Ni e, chu chu a dik a ni. Chu chu zan khat thil thuah a thleng lo tihna a ni.
A tha ber chu colonoscopy ang chi test hian heng polyp te hi cancer an nih hmain an hmuchhuak thei a, an paih chhuak thei a ni. Chuvangin, heng test te hi a hun taka tih tir hian colorectal cancer vei theihna nasa takin a tihziaawm thei a ni. Cancer a lo awm tawh a nih pawhin a hmaa hriatchhuah a nih chuan a polyp lakchhuahna tur surgery hmangin a tidam vek thei a ni.
Kan chaw ei leh in lama cancer lo awm zingah hian rectal cancer hi a tam ber a, colon cancer leh pancreatic cancer hnuaiah a awm a ni.
Heng symptoms te hi fimkhur rawh.
A tam zawkah chuan he cancer hi taksaah kum tam tak chhung a awm thei a, a tir lamah chuan a lan chhuah loh avangin a natna lanchhuahna a awm lo. Mahse, mi ṭhenkhat chuan vaukhânna chhinchhiahna engemaw zat an nei thei a ni. Hengte hi i hriat chian a pawimawh hle.
Heng symptoms nei zawng zawng hian cancer an nei vek lo tih hre reng ang che. Mahse heng symptoms te hi a la awm reng a nih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.
| Symptom a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Rectal atanga thisen chhuak | Thluak chhungah thisen sen hring emaw, thisen dum emaw. |
| Kawthalo | A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk. |
| Ek khal | Efecation harsa, ni tam tak chhung chu bowel movement nei lo. |
| Bowel movement pattern inthlak danglamna | Bathroom kal tam dan leh hun hman dan ang chi thil inthlak danglam nghal. |
| Stool pianzia a inthlak danglam | Stool chu pencil ang maia te a ni a, hrui ang maiin a chhuak thin. |
| Chauhna leh chak lohna thut | Chhan awm lovin hah lutuk. |
| Pum natna | Pum na leh hahdam lohna te, puak chhuak ang chi te. |
| Chhan awm lovin taksa rihna tihtlem | Diet leh exercise nei lovin taksa rihna tlahniam nghal. |
Rectal cancer vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?
He cancer thlen chhan dik tak hi hriatchhuah a la ni lo. Mahse, doctor-te chuan he natna vei theihna tipungtu thil engemaw zat an hmuchhuak a. Eng nge an nih i han thlir teh ang.
| Risk factor a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Kum | Cancer dang ang bawkin kum upat deuh deuh hian a hlauhawmna a sang chho zel a ni. A vaiin damlo tam zawk hi kum 63 vel an ni. |
| Damdawi lam dinhmun thenkhat | Inflammatory bowel condition nei, Crohn’s disease leh ulcerative colitis te hi an hlauhawm zawk a ni. |
| Sa siam chawhmeh siam | Mite chuan sa sen leh sa processed sausage leh bacon te ei fo thinte chu an hlauhawm zawk. |
| Chhungkaw chanchin | I chhungte hnai ber (nu, pa, unau) tu emaw chuan he cancer hi a vei tawh a nih chuan i vei theihna chu a let hnih velin a sang zawk a ni. |
| Mipa leh hmeichhe thliarna | Hmeichhia aiin mipa hian he cancer hi an vei tam zawk deuh. |
| Hriselna atanga lo piang natna | Genetic condition thenkhat chuan he cancer hi a vei theihna a tipung a ni. Entirnan , Lynch syndrome leh Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) te hi a ni. |
| Thau lutuk | Mi thau lutuk te hi taksa rihna pangngai aiin an hlauhawm zawk. |
| Meizial zuk | Tun hnaia zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan meizial zu lote aiin he cancer natna avanga thihna hi zuk leh hmuam chingte hian an nei sang zawk a ni. |
Engtin nge he cancer hi hmuhchhuah a nih?
Diagnosis hi doctor-in general examination atanga tan a ni tlangpui a, a tul angin test hrang hrang order a ni.
Test bulpui ber berte
A hmasa berin i doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan a zawt ang che a, taksa enfiahna a ti ang che, chutah chuan digital rectal examination (DRE) pawh a tel thei ang.
Tichuan, a natna hriat chian nan test pawimawh ber chu colonoscopy . He test-ah hian camera nei tube te tak te chu anus kaltlangin dahin rectum leh colon chhung lam chu enfiah kim vek a ni. Hetih lai hian lump rinhlelh awm tak (polyp) hmuh a nih chuan tissue te tak te te chu enfiah turin an la thin. Hei hi biopsy kan ti a .
Cancer hmuhchhuah a nih chuan test tih tur a ni
Biopsy-in cancer cell a awm tih a finfiah chuan doctor chuan oncologist hnenah a refer ang che a, ani chuan test eng emaw zat a ti leh ang a, cancer dinhmun dik tak a hriat theih nan.
Thisen Test neih a ni
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): Hei hian cancer vanga thisen hloh avanga lo awm thei, thisen tlakchhamna ang chi dinhmun enfiah nan a pui a ni.
- Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP): Hei hian i kal leh thin ang chi taksa peng hrang hrangte hnathawh dan tur ngaihtuahna a pe thei che a ni.
- Liver Enzyme Test: Hei hi cancer hian liver-ah a darh tawh em tih hriat nan a pawimawh hle.
- Tumor Marker Test: Hengte hian cancer cell-in thisenah thil engemaw (tumor marker) a chhuah zat a enfiah thin. Rectal cancer-ah chuan marker CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigens) hi check ber a ni.
Test dang pawh a awm
- Proctoscopy: Rectum chhung chauh en thin enfiahna.
- CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Hei hian cancer hi pum chhunga taksa peng dangah a darh tawh em tih hriat nan a pui a ni.
- MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): MRI scan hian cancer hi rectum chhehvela tissue-ah eng chen nge a darh tih chiang takin a hriat theih nan a pawimawh hle.
- Pelvic Ultrasound: Hei hi pelvic cavity-a cancer darh dan enfiah nan pawh hman a ni.
Engtin nge cancer stage hrang hrangte hi an hriat theih?
Heng test hrang hrang atanga information an hmuh dan atang hian doctor-te chuan cancer stage chu an ruat thin. Hei hi enkawl dan tur ruahmanna siam nan a pawimawh hle. Stage 5 a awm ber.
- Stage 0: Cancer cells hi rectum chhung lam bang chunglam layer-ah chauh an awm a.
- Stage 1: Cancer hi bang chunglam layer kaltlangin a lo thang lian a, bang chhungah tlem a lo thang lian tawh a ni.
- Stage 2: Tumor hi rectal wall kaltlangin a lo thang lian a, a chhehvel tissue-ah a darh thei bawk.
- Stage 3: Cancer hi rectum bula lymph node-ah a darh tawh a.
- Stage 4: Cancer hi taksa peng hla tak tak, thin leh lungah a darh (metastasized) tawh a ni.
Enkawlna kawng hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Rectal cancer hi enkawlna kawng hrang hrang a awm a. I medical team chuan thil tam tak a zirin i tan enkawlna tha ber tur an ruat ang a, chung zingah chuan i cancer stage leh size te, leh i hriselna zawng zawng te pawh a tel a ni.
Inzai
Enkawlna hman tlanglawn ber chu cancer natna hrik paih chhuah hi a ni. Surgery chi hrang hrang a awm a.
| Surgery neihna hmun hming | Engnge i tih? |
|---|---|
| Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEMS) hmanga tih a ni. | Hetah hian, hnute kal tlanga hmanraw bik dah hmangin cancer natna hlauhawm tak tak, hlauhawm lo tak takte chu paih chhuah a ni. |
| Low Anterior Resection (LAR) hmanga tihchhuah a ni. | Cancer a lian tawk a nih chuan rectum chhunga cancer awmna hmun chu a pum emaw, a then emaw pawh a chhuak vek a ni. |
| Abdominoperineal Resection (APR) hmanga tihdam theih a ni. | He surgery hi cancer hi hnute hnaih lutuk a nih a, riltam control tu muscle te tichhe lovin tumor hi lakchhuah theih a nih loh chuan tih a ni. He surgery-ah hian anus, rectum leh colon thenkhat chu lakchhuah a ni. Pum chhungah hian bawlhhlawh kal tlang theihna tur kawngkhar siam a ni. Hei hi colostomy an ti a . |
Surgery bakah hian enkawlna te
A châng chuan operation hmaa enkawlna dang hman a ni a, chu chu tumor tihtlem nan emaw, operation hnua cancer cell la awm zawng zawng tihchhiat nan emaw a ni.
- Chemotherapy: Damdawi hmanga enkawlna, cancer cell tichhe thei.
- Radiation Therapy: Energy sang tak nei rays hmanga cancer cell tihchhiat.
- Immunotherapy: Cancer cells do turin taksain a taksa a taksa hriselna a tichak a.
- Targeted Therapy: Cancer cells thanna tichhe thei molecule bik target tu damdawi.
Enkawl laiin side effect leh symptoms te enkawl nan palliative care a awm thei bawk. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen sawiho rawh.
He cancer laka inven nan eng nge kan tih theih ang?
He cancer hi 100% inven dan tur awm lo mahse, a hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur thil tam tak kan tih theih a awm.
- I taksa rihna hrisel tak, i duh ang angin vawng reng ang che. I chiang lo a nih chuan Doctor rawn la.
- Exercise neih fo thin ang che.
- Sa processed ei loh tur. Chu ai chuan sa thau lo, buh chi, leh thlai leh thei chi hrang hrang tamna ei leh in inthlau tak ei rawh.
- Zu in loh tur.
- Meizial i zu a nih chuan bansan rawh.
A pawimawh ber chu a hun takah cancer screening neih hi a ni. A chhan chu hei hmang hian polyp te hi cancer an nih hmain hriatchhuah theih a ni a, lakchhuah theih a ni. Tin, cancer a lo awm tawh a nih pawhin a tir lamah pawh hriat theih a ni. Tichuan enkawl leh tihdam theihna chance a sang zawk hle.
Colonoscopy hi test ber a ni. Chu bakah, test dang engemaw zat a awm bawk:
- Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT): Mit hmuh theih loh ek chhunga thisen awm leh awm loh enfiahna test a ni.
- Fecal DNA test: Ekvah hian cancer nena inzawm, bawlhhlawh chhunga genetic change leh thisen component awm leh awm loh a enfiah thin.
- Sigmoidoscopy: Colon leh rectum hnuai lam enfiah.
- Virtual Colonoscopy: CT scan hmangin colon leh rectum-a tumor awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni.
A tlangpuiin kum 45 chunglam zawng zawngin heng test te hi an nei vek tur a ni. I doctor nen i tan test dik tak leh engtikah nge tih tur tih sawi la, i chhungkaw history leh risk factor dangte a zirin.
Engtikah nge doctor pan vat a ngaih?
He cancer hi enkawl i nih chuan a hnuaia symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh:I doctor hnenah hriattir la, damdawi in Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal rawh .
- Khawsik chu 38 degree Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) aia sang a ni.
- Lu na na tak.
- Khua a vawt a, a khur bawk.
- Thisen chu zun chhungah a awm.
- A rilru a na.
- Thâwk harsa.
- Rilru tibuai.
I doctor zawh tur zawhna
He natna hi i vei tih hriatchhuah i nih chuan i rilruah zawhna tam tak i neih hi thil pangngai a ni. Chuvangin, hlauhna leh inhnialna awm lovin, i doctor hnenah heng thilte hi zawt la, zawng chhuak rawh.
- Cancer hi eng stage nge ka neih?
- Eng chen nge cancer hi a darh tawh?
- Eng enkawlna kawng nge ka neih?
- Surgery ka neih chuan colostomy ka mamawh ang em?
Rectal cancer hi sawi harsa tak a ni thei. Tin, test te pawh hi a hlauhawm deuh thei bawk. Mahse, i mualphona emaw, i lungawi lohna emaw aiin i nun hi a hlu zawk tih hre reng ang che. Symptoms te hi ngaihthah suh. I man hma poh leh enkawl leh dam theihna chance i nei sang zawk. Zawhna leh ngaihtuahna i neih chuan vawiin hian i doctor nen inbia ang che.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- I bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation) emaw i stool-a thisen a awm tih i hriat chuan ngaihthah suh. Damdawi lam thurawn zawng nghal rawh.
- He cancer hi a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan a dam vek tawh mai thei a, chuvangin kum 45 hnua colonoscopy ang chi screening test chungchang hi doctor nen sawiho rawh.
- Nun hrisel (ei leh in inthlau tak, exercise, leh meizuk leh zu in loh) hian a hlauhawmna a ti tlem thei a ni.
- Hei hi enkawlna hlawhtling tak tak a awm a, chu chu surgery, chemotherapy, leh radiation therapy te hi a ni.
- I hriselna chungchang, a bik takin hetiang thil, i rilru hahdam loh tur thilte hi i doctor nen zalen taka sawipui hlau suh.
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