Hrisel taka awm kan duh vek a ni lawm ni? Mahse a chang chuan, kan taksa chhungah hian kan hriat lohvin thil a thleng thei a. I colon, kan ei tur kan ei chhuahna leh bawlhhlawh kan hnutchhiah nana intestine lian tak hian a chhungah hian a chang chuan a lian te te a siam thei a ni. Chu chu Doctor ten `(Colon Polyps)` an tih chu a ni. He hming i hriat hian hlau suh, okay? A chhan chu heng polyp tam zawk hi chu a hlauhawm lo. Mahse, hun rei tak enkawl loh chuan cancer-ah a chang thei chi thenkhat a awm. Chuvang chuan heng `(Colon Polyps)` te hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh em em a ni.
Chuti a nih chuan heng colon polyps te hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin, heng `(Colon Polyps)` te hi i intestine lian chhungril bang, chu chu mucous lining-a lo awm, cell than dan pangngai lo tak tak an ni. Tum te tak te ang mai an ni. Cell mass pakhat angin an intan thei a, zawi zawiin an lian chho thei bawk. Heng polyp te hi kan taksa peng dangah te pawh a lo awm thei a, entirnan, pum, hnar, hmeichhe reproductive system-ah te pawh a lo awm thei bawk.
A pawimawh ber chu, heng polyps te hi i neih vang mai mai chuan cancer an ni tihna a ni lo. Mahse, a tam zawkah chuan colorectal cancer hi hetiang polyp atang hian a intan thin. Chuvangin doctor te chuan colonoscopy an tih laiin heng polyp te hi an zawng a, an awm chuan an paih chhuak thin.
Polyp chi hrang hrang a awm em? Engtin nge an danglam?
Ni e, colon chhungah hian polyp chi hrang hrang a lo awm a. Doctor-te chuan thil pawimawh pahnih hmangin an thliar hrang a.
Pakhat chu polyp pianzia a ni .
- Polyp thenkhat chu mushroom te tak te, lo chhuak tawh ang maia lang an awm bawk. Chumi awmzia chu hnah tlem leh a chungah lu an nei tihna a ni. Chungte chu ``Pedunculated`` polyps an ti a.
- A chi dang chu a flat, lump ang maia lo thang lian, intestinal wall-ah stalk nei lovin a inzawm a ni. Chungte chu ``Sessile`` polyps an ti a.
Kawng dang chu heng polyp te hi microscopic feature hmangin a ni. Chu chu cell siam dan a\angin a ni. Heng cell te hi an lo thanglian dan hian polyp chu cancer ah a chan leh theih loh tur a hril a ni. Chuvangin, polyp chi hrang hrang cancer theihna hi a inang lo hle.
Polyp chi hrang hrang hmuh tur langsar thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:
- Adenomatous polyps (adenomas): Hengte hi a tam ber a ni. Hengte hi subtype hrang hrang a awm bawk:
- Tubular adenomas a awm thin
- Villous adenomas a awm thin
- Tubulovillous adenomas a awm thin
- Serrated polyps: Heng bakah hian chi hrang hrang a awm bawk.
- Hyperplastic polyp hmanga siam a ni
- Sessile serrated lesions a awm bawk
- Traditional serrated adenomas a awm thin
- Hamartomas (juvenile polyps): Hei hi thalai zingah hmuh tur a awm tlangpui.
- Inflammatory polyps (or pseudopolyps): Hengte hi polyp tak tak an ni lo, chu chu a hnuah kan sawi leh ang.
Cancer hlauhawmna azirin polyp hrang hrangte thliar hranna: Neoplastic leh Non-neoplastic
Hei hi classification pawimawh ber a ni. ``Neoplastic`` polyps hi cancer thlen thei chi hrang hrang a ni. ``Non-neoplastic`` polyp hi cancer vei theihna chance nei lo (or nei tlem lutuk) chi te an ni.
- (Neoplastic) polyps ( cancer hlauhawmna ): .
- Adenomatous polyp zawng zawng (Adenomas) .
- Sessile serrated lesions a awm bawk
- Traditional serrated adenomas a awm thin
- (Non-neoplastic) polyps (cancer vei theihna a tlem/a awm lo):
- Hyperplastic polyp hmanga siam a ni
- Naupang polyp (Hamartomas) te chu an awm a.
- Inflammatory pseudopolyps te hi a awm a
Heng colon polyps te hi engtiang chiahin nge an awm?
Hei hi a takah chuan i ngaihtuah aiin a tam zawk a, a bik takin i tar chhoh zel chuan. A vaiin puitling 20% vel emaw, mi panga zinga pakhat vel emaw chuan heng polyp hi an nei thei a ni. Kum 50 chunglam ah chuan 40% vel emaw, sawm zinga pali vel emaw chuan he natna hi an nei thei a ni. Mak ti suh, naupang thenkhat pawhin an nei ve tho a, 6% vel an ni. Tu pawh, hnam, sakhaw, mipa leh hmeichhia pawh thliar lovin, heng polyp leh colon cancer te hi an vei thei a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi khawthlang ramah chuan a tam deuh hlek a ni.
Colon polyp engzat nge cancer a nih?
Hetah hian i hriatthiam a ngai. Polyp chi tam tak hian cancer thlen theihna a nei a. Chuvang chuan doctor ten colonoscopy an tih laiin an paih chhuak thin. Mahse, mi tlemte chauh hi cancer vei tak tak an ni. Tin, polyp chu cancer a nih theih nan hun rei tak a ngai bawk. Chuvangin colonoscopy exam neih fo a pawimawh a, heng polyp te hi cancer an nih hmain lakchhuah a pawimawh.
A tlangpuiin sawi ila, colon cancer 75% vel chu adenomatous polyps atanga tan a ni. Tin, polyp hmuhchhuah zawng zawng zinga 80% vel chu adenomas an ni. Mahse, heng adenoma zinga 5% vel chauh hi a takah chuan malignant an lo ni ta a ni. Typical polyp hian kum 10 chhungin cancer a vei theihna chance 8% a nei a, kum 20 chhungin 24% risk a nei nia chhut a ni.
Colon polyps natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?
Hetah hian a buaithlak deuh thin. A tam zawkah chuan heng polyp te hian awm mahse symptom an nei lo.Colon cancer hian a tir lamah chuan symptom a nei lo thei. Chuvang chuan screening test hi a pawimawh em em a ni. A tlangpuiin, a lan chhuah meuh chuan polyp chu cancer-ah a chang tawh mai thei.
Mahse, a tlem hle a, a hnuaia symptoms te hi a lo lang thei a ni:
- Thluak chhunga thisen awm emaw, a lan chhuah dan dang emaw: Polyp a thisen chhuak a nih chuan i ek chhungah thisen i hmu thei a, i toilet paper-ah thisen a awm thei bawk. A châng chuan thisen chhuak chu a zawi lutuk a, i hre lo pawh a ni thei. Mahse hun kal zelah i taksain a hre tan ang. Iron deficiency anemia , i nei thei a, chu chuan hah lutuk leh chak lohna ang chi symptoms a thlen thei.
- Chhunzawnna lama inthlâk danglamna sawifiah theih loh: A tlem berah chuan mi ṭhenkhat chuan rilṭâm reng reng emaw, chaw ei khamna emaw an nei nghâl mai thei . A nih loh leh an bawlhhlawh nen mucus ang chi tui chhuak a pung thei bawk. Heng symptoms te hi polyps tih loh chu chhan dang tam tak a awm a. Mahse, doctor pan a tha a, a bik takin eng thil nge inthlak danglamna thlentu tih i hre thei lo a nih chuan.
Thil pawimawh ber: Doctor nena inbia a, kum 45-50 hnu (a nih loh leh i chhungte zinga mi tu emaw chuan he natna hi a vei tawh a nih chuan a hma deuh) colonoscopy ang chi test neih hi a finthlak zawk ang.
Engvangin nge heng colon polyps te hi kan neih?
A tam zawkah chuan heng polyp te hi a lo piang chhuak fo thin. Chu chu chhan bik nei lo tihna a ni. Mahse, mi thenkhat chuan hereditary syndromes vangin heng polyps te hi an nei thei a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan polyp tam tak a lo awm thei a, cancer vei theihna a sang thei bawk.
Polyps awm chhan ber chu eng nge ni?
A chhan ber chu genetic mutations a ni . A awlsam zawngin, kan cell-te an inthen a, cell thar an siam hian, chu cell-te genetic code-ah chuan tihsual tenau tak tak a awm a ni. Skin cells, colon pawh tiamin, an insiam thar reng avangin heng tihsualte hi a awm tam zawk a ni. Heng genes te hi an inthlak chuan cell te than dan leh an awm dan pawh a danglam thin.
Genetic mutations thenkhat chu chhungkua atanga chhungkaw dang (hereditary syndromes) ah a inthlak thin. Mi dangte chu a lo thleng mai mai niin a lang a, mahse a chhan awm thei tam tak a awm. Researcher-te chuan random polyps hi genetic factors vang pawh a ni tih an ring a, chubakah environment risk factors vang pawh a ni bawk.
Polyps awm chhan dangte chu engte nge ni?
1. Genetics chungchang: 1.1.
Chhungkaw member hnai tak (nu leh pa, unau, naupang) pakhatin polyp a vei tawh a nih chuan i vei tam zawk. Tin, genetic condition thenkhatah chuan polyps a awm thei bawk. Entirna thenkhat chu:
- Chhungkaw Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) natna hi a awm lo.
- Peutz-Jeghers natna a ni
- MUTYH nena inzawm polyposis a awm
- Gardner natna a ni
- PTEN hamartoma tumor natna a ni
- Turcot natna a ni
- Serrated polyposis natna a ni
- Naupangte zingah polyposis natna (Juvenile polyposis syndrome) a awm
2. Environment leh Nunphung lam thil: 1.1.
Hei hian kan chenna boruak, kan nunphung, etc. te a kawk a, hengte hian polyps lo awm dan pawh a nghawng thei bawk.
- Tar: Kum upat deuh deuh hian a hlauhawmna a sang chho zel.
- Meizial zuk.
- Zu in tam lutuk.
- Thau tamna, fiber tlem ei leh in: Sa sen tam, sa processed, leh thei leh thlai ei tlem.
- Exercise neih loh vang.
- Thau lutuk.
- Zunthlum.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Crohn natna emaw ulcerative colitis emaw ang chi natna.
Thil thleng bik: Inflammatory pseudopolyps
Sawi tawh ang khan hengte hi polyp “dik tak”, genetic mutations avanga lo awm an ni lo. Colon-a ulcer damna avanga lo awm an ni a, chu chuan vun hring ang maia scar tissue a hnutchhiah a ni. Chronic inflammation of the colon (chronic inflammation or colitis) hi heng natna thlentu ber a ni. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ang chi natna nen an inzawm fo thin. Cancer-ah an chang lo.
Engtin nge doctor te hian heng polyp te hi an hmuh theih?
Colon chhunga polyp hmuhchhuah dan tha ber leh dik ber chu colonoscopy hi a ni. Hetah hian camera te tak te leh light (colonoscope) nei flexible tube chu anus kaltlangin dahin colon pumpui enfiah a ni. ``Imaging test`` dang hmangin polyp hmuh theih ni mahse, ``colonoscopy`` thatna bik chu polyp a hmu thei a, a rualin a la chhuak thei a, a te te chu enfiah (biopsy) atan a la thei bawk.
Chutianga tissue sample lakte chu laboratory-ah thawn a ni a, microscope hmangin pathologist-in a enfiah thin. Chumi hnuah chauh chuan eng polyp chi nge a nih tih leh cancer cell a awm leh awm loh kan hre thei ang.
Colonoscopy hian test hma ni khatah colon tihfai nan inbuatsaihna bik a ngai a, test hi anesthesia hmangin tih a ni a, hei hi mi thenkhat tan chuan a nuam lo deuh thei. Chuvangin, a châng chuan doctor-te chuan screening test awlsam zawk an ti hmasa thei a ni. Mahse, test dangah polyp hmuh a nih chuan colonoscopy hmanga paih chhuah a ngai dawn a ni.
Polyp rinhlelh a nih chuan test dang engemaw zat tih theih a awm bawk:
- Thisen test: Thisen chhiar kim (CBC) chuan hun rei tak thisen chhuah avanga thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) a hriat theih. Basic metabolic panel hian taksaa electrolyte inthlauhna a hmuchhuak thei a ni. I chhungkuaa mi pakhatin hereditary polyposis syndrome a neih chuan gene mutation i neih leh neih loh enfiah nan genetic testing pawh i nei thei bawk.
- Stool tests: ``Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)`` hian stool chhunga thisen tlem lutuk, mit ngeia hmuh theih loh khawpa te a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thin. Test dangte chuan stool-ah ``DNA`` a awm leh awm loh an enfiah a, cancer natna a awm leh awm loh an enfiah thin.
- Imaging test: Colonoscopy pangngai ai chuan virtual colonoscopy (CT scan chi khat) leh capsule endoscopy (i colon en tura i ei thin capsule te tak te) te hi tih theih a ni. Barium enema hian a chang chuan polyp a lantir thei bawk.
Routine colonoscopy neih hian polyp engzat nge hmuh?
Polyps neih loh a tha ber. Mahse, polyp pakhat emaw pahnih emaw, tlemte emaw pawh neih hi thil pangngai a ni. Doctor-te chuan polyp i neih zat, a lian leh te, a awmna hmun leh a chi te an en thin. Polyp hi a lo thang zawi hle a, polyp te te tlemte neih hian colon cancer vei theihna chance i la hniam hle tihna a ni.
Mahse, a hnuaia thil thlengah hian cancer vei theihna chance sang deuhah ngaih i ni thei:
- Polyp pathum aia tam a awm chuan.
- Polyp te hi millimeter 10 (centimeter 1) aia lian a nih chuan.
- Polyp te hi colon dinglamah (e.g., sigmoid colon emaw transverse colon) a awm chuan.
- `(Villous)` emaw `(Tubulovillous adenomas)` chi polyp i neih chuan.
- ``Sessile serrated lesions'' emaw ``Serrated adenomas'' type polyp i neih chuan.
- Hereditary polyposis syndrome i neih chuan.
Heng colon polyp te hi engtin nge enkawl an nih?
Standard treatment chu colon chhunga polyp awmte paih chhuah a ni.. Mahse, non-neoplastic polyps chauh i neih chuan, cancer hlauhawmna nei lo chu i paih chhuak thei lo mai thei. Mahse, a tam zawkah chuan polyp chu microscope hmanga enfiah a nih hma chuan neoplastic nge non-neoplastic tih chiang taka hriat theih a ni lo. I biopsy result a lo chhuah leh theih nan kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw a ngai mai thei.
Neoplastic polyps tihbo hian colon cancer vei theihna chu 80% velin i tihtlem thei a ni! Mahse, vawikhat polyp i neih chuan a lo let leh thei. I doctor chuan polyp i neih tawh chi hrang hrang a en ang a, nakin lawkah polyp i vei theihna tur a zirchiang ang. Chu risk a zirin colonoscopy neih leh tur chu ruahman a ni ang.
Colon Polyp tihbo dan
Colonoscopy titu doctor – a tlangpuiin gastroenterologist emaw colorectal surgeon emaw chuan i tih lai hian polyp tam tak a la chhuak thei a ni. Hetiang tih dan awlsam tak hi polypectomy an ti a. Mahse, polyp lian tak tak emaw, lak chhuah harsa tak tak emaw i neih chuan, special procedure (endoscopic mucosal resection emaw endoscopic submucosal dissection) hmangin lakchhuah theih a ni.
Colonoscopy hmanga enkawlna
I colonoscopy-ah neoplastic polyp a awm lo a nih chuan kum 10 vel hnuah i test leh tur chu i neih leh a ngai mai thei. Mahse, i neoplastic polyps te chu lakchhuah a nih chuan i test leh hun tur chu a danglam thei. I doctor chuan kum khat, kum thum, kum nga, emaw kum sarih hnuah test nawn leh turin a rawt thei a, chu chu i mimal risk factors a zirin a ni.
Colon polyps hi ven theih a ni em?
Polyps thlentu genetic mutations hi ven theih a ni lo. Mahse, i hriselna zawng zawng uluk taka enkawl hian polyp vei theihna chu eng emaw chen chu a tihziaawm thei a ni.
- Whole grains, thlai leh thei chi hrang hrang ei tam.
- Ran thau tihtlem (a bik takin sa sen, sa processed).
- Exercise neih fo thin.
- Zu in tam lutuk leh zu in loh tur.
Heng thilte hian colon cancer venna kawngah pawh a pui bawk.
Chuti a nih chuan heng colon polyps te hi engtiang chiahin nge an serious?
Colon polyp hi cancer-ah a chantir theihna a neih avangin a pawi thei hle. Mahse, polyp tam zawk hi an hmuh chuan cancer an ni lo tih hre reng ang che. Ṭhenkhat chu enkawl loh chuan hun kal zelah cancer an ni thei. Chuvang chuan doctor ten an hmuh veleh an paih chhuak thin.
Ka colon polyps chungchangah hian ka doctor hnenah eng nge ka zawh tur?
Doctor hnenah zawhna thenkhat i zawt thei ang:
- Eng chi `(Colon Polyps)` nge ka neih?
- Ka polyps te hi ``neoplastic`` (cancer hlauhawmna nei) nge ``non-neoplastic`` (cancer hlauhawmna nei lo)?
- Colon cancer vei theihna ka neih hi a hniam em, a pangngai em, a sang em?
- Hereditary polyposis syndromes awm leh awm loh genetic testing ka nei tur em ni?
- Polyp hi lakchhuah a nih hnuah eng chen nge a lo thang leh theih ang?
- Engtikah nge ka colonoscopy neih leh tur?
Mi tam tak chuan an scheduled colonoscopy chu an hlau hle a, an sawn thei ang em tih an ngaihtuah thin. “Engvangin nge polyp ka neih loh nan chauh hian hetiang buaina zawng zawng hi ka pan ang?” i ngaihtuah mai thei. Mahse polyp i neih chuan colonoscopy hi i hriat hma pawha hriatchhuah leh enkawl dan tha ber a ni.
I colon-ah polyp i nei tih hriat chu a hlauhawm thei hle. Mahse, mi tam takin he natna hi an nei a, mi tam tak chuan cancer an vei ngai lo. Polyp hmuhchhuah leh lakchhuah tawh chu i ngaihtuah a ngai lo. A pawimawh ber chu a hun taka zawn chhuah a, paih chhuah a ni a, cancer a nih hmain.
A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .
Chuvangin, tunah chuan colon polyps chungchang hi i hre tawh hle a ni lawm ni? Hei hi hlauh tur a ni lo.
A pawimawh ber chu a hun takah doctor nen inbia a, a bik takin kum 45-50 hnuah, a tul chuan colonoscopy ang chi test neih a ni. Tichuan heng polyp te hi hriatchhuah theih a ni a, cancer an nih hmain lakchhuah mai theih a ni.
Nunphung hrisel neih hian he hlauhawmna hi a tihziaawm thei bawk. Ei leh in inthlau tak, exercise, leh zu in loh leh zu in tam lutuk te hi i colon hriselna atan a tha a, chubakah i taksa pum tan pawh a tha hle.
Hemi chungchanga zawhna dang i neih chuan i chhungkaw doctor emaw, gastroenterologist emaw zawt hreh suh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!
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