Hrisel taka awm kan duh vek a ni lawm ni? Amaherawhchu, a chang chuan kan taksa chhungah hian kan hriat loh pawhin thil a thleng thei. I intestine lian takah—i digestive system-a bawlhhlawh a kal tlangna hmun—ah chuan a châng chuan inner lining-ah hian thil lian tham tê tê a lo awm thei a ni. Hengte hi doctor-te’n (Colon Polyps) an tih chu a ni. Khawngaihin a hming hian hlauthawng suh! Heng polyp tam zawk hi chu a hlauhawm lo. Mahse, chi thenkhat chu hun kal zelah enkawl loh chuan cancer-ah an kal thei a ni. Chuvangin (Colon Polyps) chungchang hi kan zavaia hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.
Chuti a nih chuan, Colon Polyps hi eng nge ni tak tak?
A awlsam zawngin, (Colon Polyps) hi i intestine lian tak chhungril (mucous lining)-a cell lo thang lian lo tak takte a ni. Bump te te emaw, lumps emaw ang maiin an lang thin. Cell pawl te tak te angin an intan fo thin a, hun kal zelah an lian thei hle. Hetiang polyp hi taksa hmun dangah pawh a awm thei a, chu chu pum, hnar, hmeichhe chi thlah danah te pawh a awm thei bawk.
Hriat tur pawimawh ber chu polyp neih hian cancer i vei tihna a ni lo. Mahse, colorectal cancer tam zawk hi heng polyp chi hrang hrang atanga lo chhuak a ni. Hei vang hian, a (Colonoscopy) , doctor-te chuan uluk takin heng a lo thang lian te hi an zawng a, an hmuh chuan an paih chhuak thin.
Polyp chi hrang hrang a awm em? Engtin nge an danglam?
Ni e, colon polyp hi a inang lo va, doctor-te chuan thil pawimawh pahnih hmangin an thliar hrang a ni.
Pakhat chu polyp pianzia hi a ni :
- Ṭhenkhat chu mushroom te tak te ang mai a ni a, a hnah te tak te leh a chungah chuan kawr a awm bawk. Chungte chu (Pedunculated) polyps an ti a.
- A chi dang chu a flat a, intestinal wall-ah flush-in a mu a, stalk a nei lo. Chungte chu (Sessile) polyp an ti a.
Thil pahnihna chu microscope (microscopic features) hnuaia an lan dan hi a ni. Heng cell te hi an lo thanglian dan hian polyp hian cancer ah a chantir thei em tih a hril a ni. Chuvangin, cancer vei theihna hi chi hrang hrangah a inang lo hle.
Polyp chi hrang hrang hman tlanglawn tak takte chu:
- Adenomatous polyps (or adenomas): Hengte hi a tam ber a ni. Tin, sub-type an nei bawk:
- Tubular adenomas a awm thin
- Villous adenomas a awm thin
- Tubulovillous adenomas a awm thin
- Serrated polyps: Hengte pawh hi chi hrang hrangah an awm bawk:
- Hyperplastic polyp hmanga siam a ni
- Sessile serrated lesions a awm bawk
- Traditional serrated adenomas a awm thin
- Hamartomas (or juvenile polyps): Hengte hi mimal naupang zawkah hmuh tur a awm tlangpui.
- Inflammatory polyps (or pseudopolyps): Hengte hi polyp dik tak an ni lo va; chungte chu nakinah kan sawiho ang.
Cancer hlauhawmna a\anga thliar hranna: Neoplastic leh Non-neoplastic
Hei hi classification pawimawh ber a ni. (Neoplastic) polyp hi cancer-a chantir thei tur an ni a, (Non-neoplastic) polyp erawh chu cancer-a chantir thei lo (or risk hniam tak nei) an ni thung.
- (Neoplastic) polyps ( cancer hlauhawmna awm thei):
- Adenomatous polyp (Adenomas) zawng zawng .
- Sessile serrated lesions a awm bawk
- Traditional serrated adenomas a awm thin
- (Non-neoplastic) polyps (cancer hlauhawmna tlem/nei lo):
- Hyperplastic polyp hmanga siam a ni
- Naupang polyp (Hamartomas) te chu an awm a.
- Inflammatory pseudopolyps te hi a awm a
Colon polyps hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?
Hei hi i ngaihtuah aiin a tam zawk a, a bik takin i tar chhoh zel chuan. A tlangpuiin puitling 20% vel—chu chu mi panga zinga pakhat—chuan heng polyp te hi an nei thei a ni. Kum 50 chunglam zingah chuan a vei zat chu 40%-ah a kai chho thei a ni. Mak tak maiin naupang 6% vel ah pawh an awm thei. Hnam, sakhaw emaw, mipa emaw pawh ni se, mi zawng zawng hian colon polyps leh colorectal cancer vei theihna chance engemaw zat an keng tel vek a ni. Khawthlang ramah hian a vei zat hi a tlangpuiin a sang zawk a ni.
Polyp engzat nge cancer ah a chantir?
Hei hi chiang takin hrethiam rawh: Polyp chi tam tak hian cancer thlen theihna a nei a. Hei vang tak hian doctor-te chuan (Colonoscopy) an tih laiin an paih chhuak thin. Mahse, za zela tlemte chauh hi cancer-ah an chang tak tak a, polyp chu malignant a nih theih nan hun rei tak a ngai a ni. Hei vang hian hlauhawma an chan hmaa man leh lakchhuah nan hun bituk anga regular (Colonoscopy) screening neih a pawimawh hle.
A tlangpuiin sawi ila, colorectal cancer 75% vel chu adenomatous polyp angin an intan a, polyp hmuhchhuah zawng zawng zinga 80% vel chu adenoma type a ni. Mahse, heng adenoma zinga 5% vel chauh hi a takin (malignant) an lo ni ta a ni. Polyp pangngai hian kum 10 chhunga cancer vei theihna 8% leh kum 20 chhunga 24% vel a keng tel niin an chhut.
Colon polyps natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?
Hei hi a tricky part chu a ni. A tam zawkah chuan polyp hian symptom engmah a lantir lo. Colorectal cancer hmasa ber pawh hian symptomless a ni thei a, chuvang chuan screening test hi a pawimawh em em a ni. Symptoms a lan meuh chuan polyp chu cancer-ah a lo chang tawh mai thei.
Mahse, a tlem berah chuan:
- Rectal bleeding emaw a kaihhnawih symptoms: I stool-ah emaw toilet paper-ah emaw thisen i hmu thei. A chang chuan thisen chhuah hi a microscopic em em a, hmuh theih loh khawpin a lang a, mahse hun kal zelah chuan (Iron deficiency anemia) , extreme (fatigue) leh chak lohna a thlen thei.
- Chhunzawm dan inthlak danglamna sawifiah theih loh: A tlem berah chuan mi thenkhat chuan persistent (diarrhea) emaw (constipation) emaw an nei thei a, a nih loh leh mucus discharge a pung tih an hmu thei bawk. Heng natna lan chhuahna chhan dang tam tak a awm laiin, sawifiah theih loha inthlak danglamna i hmuh chuan doctor rawn la a tha ber.
A thupui ber: Symptoms nghak suh. Kum 45-50 i pass hnuah (a nih loh leh a hmain chhungkaw history i neih chuan) i doctor nen inbia a, (Colonoscopy) schedule neih a finthlak hle.
Engvangin nge colon polyps kan neih?
A tam zawkah chuan heng polyp te hi a lo awm fo thin a, chu chu a chhan chiang tak, hriat theih lohvin an lo awm tihna a ni. Mahse, mimal thenkhat tan chuan hereditary syndromes hian an lo piang thei a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan polyp tam tak lo awm theihna a sang zawk thei a, chu chuan colorectal cancer vei theihna a tipung thei bawk.
Polyps awm chhan ber chu eng nge ni?
A bulpui ber chu genetic mutations a ni . A awlsam zawngin, kan cell-te chu a thar siam tûra an inṭhen chuan, an genetic code-ah tihsual tenau tak tak a awm thei a ni. Colon chhunga cell awmte chu an lo piang thar zel avangin heng tihsualte hi an tawk nasa zawk a ni. Heng genetic changes te hi a lo awm hian cell te lo thanglian dan leh an awm dan a tidanglam thin.
Genetic mutations thenkhat chu chhungkaw (hereditary syndromes) kaltlangin a kal zel a, thenkhat erawh chu random takin a thleng niin a lang a, mahse hengte pawh hian genetic leh environmental risk factors inzawmkhawm a keng tel thei a ni.
Eng thil dang nge polyp lo awm chhan?
1. Genetic Factors: 1. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a.
Chhungkaw member hnai tak (nu leh pa, unau, naupang) pakhatin polyp a vei a nih chuan i risk chu statistically a sang zawk a ni. Chu bâkah, hereditary condition bikte chuan polyps vei theihna a siam thei bawk a, chungte chu:
- Chhungkaw Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) natna hi a awm lo.
- Peutz-Jeghers natna a ni
- MUTYH nena inzawm polyposis a awm
- Gardner natna a ni
- PTEN hamartoma tumor natna a ni
- Turcot natna a ni
- Serrated polyposis natna a ni
- Naupangte zingah polyposis natna (Juvenile polyposis syndrome) a awm
2. Environment leh Nunphung lam thil: 1.1.
I chhehvel leh nitin nunphung hian i hriselna nasa takin a nghawng a, polyps tihpunna kawngah pawh a pui thei bawk:
- Tar: I upat deuh deuh chuan i risk a sang chho zel.
- Meizial zuk.
- Zu in tam lutuk.
- Thau tamna, fiber tlem ei tur: Sa sen emaw, processed emaw tamna leh thei leh thlai tlem ei tur.
- Taksa tihchak lohna.
- Thau lutuk.
- Zunthlum.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Crohn natna emaw ulcerative colitis emaw ang chi natna.
A bik takin: Inflammatory Pseudopolyps
Tun hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan hengte hi genetic mutations avanga polyp "dik tak" an ni lo. A nihna takah chuan scar tissue mass, colon chhunga ulcer dam chhuah avanga lo awm an ni. Chronic inflammation, IBD nena inzawm fo hi heng natna thlentu ber a ni. Pawimawh tak chu hengte hi cancer-ah an chang lo.
Engtin nge doctor-te hian polyp hi an hriat chhuah?
Colon polyp hmuhchhuahna atana gold standard chu colonoscopy a ni. Hetianga tih lai hian camera te tak te nei, flexible, lighted tube (colonoscope) chu rectum chhungah dahin colon pumpui enfiah a ni. Imaging test dangin polyp a hmuhchhuah theih laiin, colonoscopy thatna ber chu i doctor chuan polyp a hmuchhuak thei a, a paih thei bawk a, session khata test turin tissue sample (biopsy) a la thei bawk.
Heng biopsy sample te hi laboratory-ah thawn a ni a, chutah chuan pathologist chuan microscope hmangin polyp chi leh cancer cell a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thin.
Colonoscopy atana inbuatsaih nan hian i rilru tihfai hmasak a ngai a, i rilru tih hahdam i nih dawn avangin damlo thenkhat chuan a kalphung chu a harsa hle mai thei. Chuvangin, doctor-te chuan a chang chuan screening test awlsam zawk hmangin an tan thei a ni. Mahse, test dang eng pawhin polyp a awm tih a hriat chuan follow-up colonoscopy hmanga paih chhuah a ngai dawn a ni.
Polyp nia rinhlelh chhui chianna atana hman test dangte chu:
- Thisen test: Complete Blood Count (CBC) hian hun rei tak thisen chhuak avanga thisen tlakchhamna a hriat theih a, basic metabolic panel chuan electrolyte imbalances a hriat theih thung. Chhungkaw history-a hereditary polyposis i neih chuan genetic testing hmangin gene mutations bik i keng tel em tih a hriat theih a ni.
- Stool test: Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) hmangin thisen microscopic amounts a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni. Test dangte chuan stool sample-a DNA awm chu an zirchiang thei a, cancer chhinchhiahna an zawng thei bawk.
- Imaging test: Standard colonoscopy aia danglamna chu virtual colonoscopy (CT scan chi khat) leh capsule endoscopy (camera hmanga siam capsule te tak te i ei na hmun) te hi a ni. Barium enema X-ray-ah pawh polyp a awm thei bawk.
Colonoscopy neih chhung hian polyp engzat nge "normal" anga ngaih?
A tha ber chu zero polyps i nei ang. Mahse, pakhat emaw pahnih emaw, a châng chuan a aia tam emaw neih chu thil awmze nei tak a ni thei. I doctor chuan polyp hmuhchhuah zat, a lian leh te, a awmna hmun leh a chi hrang hrang a zirchiang ang. Polyp hi a tlangpuiin a lo thang zawi hle a, polyp te tak te hian colon cancer i vei theihna chance a hniam reng tihna a ni tlangpui.
Mahse, risk sang zawka ngaih i ni thei a, chu chu:
- Polyp pathum aia tam i nei a.
- Polyp pakhat hi millimeter 10 (centimeter 1) aia lian a ni.
- Polyps hi colon hmun bik (eg, sigmoid emaw transverse colon) ah a awm a.
- Anni hi villous emaw tubulovillous adenoma type emaw an ni.
- Sessile serrated lesions emaw serrated adenomas emaw an ni.
- I hnuaia awm hereditary polyposis syndrome i nei a.
Colon polyp hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?
Standard treatment chu polyps te lakchhuah hi a ni. Non-neoplastic (non-cancerous) polyp i neih chuan i doctor chuan paih loh a thlang mai thei; mahse, microscopic analysis tel lo chuan neoplastic leh non-neoplastic polyp hi thliar hran theih a nih loh fo avangin, lakchhuah hi kawng him ber a ni tlangpui. Biopsy result hi kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw vel a ni tlangpui.
Neoplastic polyps lakchhuah hian colorectal cancer vei theihna chu 80% velin a tihziaawm thei! Mahse, polyp i neih tawh chuan a lo awm leh theihna a awm. I doctor chuan nakin lawka polyp i neih theihna tur risk chu lakchhuah tawhte mizia a zirin a zirchiang ang a, chu evaluation atang chuan i colonoscopy neih leh tur schedule chu a ruat ang.
Colon Polyp tihbo dan
I colonoscopy -ah hian i doctor—a tlangpuiin gastroenterologist emaw, colorectal surgeon emaw—chuan i tih lai ngei pawhin polyp tam tak a paih chhuak thei fo. Hetiang thil awlsam tak hi polypectomy tia hriat a ni . Mahse, polyp lian zawk emaw, complex zawk emaw i neih chuan i doctor chuan him taka lakchhuah a nih theih nan EMR (Endoscopic Mucosal Resection) emaw ESD (Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection) ang chi technique bik a hman a ngai mai thei.
Colonoscopy hmanga enkawlna
I colonoscopy-ah neoplastic polyp a awm lo tih a hriat chuan kum 10 vel chu screening dang i mamawh tawh lo mai thei. Mahse, neoplastic polyp hi lakchhuah a nih chuan i follow-up schedule chu a inthlak danglam ang. I mimal risk factors a zirin, i doctor chuan kum khat, kum thum, kum nga, emaw kum sarih hnuah enfiah nawn leh turin a rawt thei ang.
Colon polyps hi i veng thei ang em?
Polyp thenkhat thlentu genetic mutations chu i veng thei lo nain, i hriselna zawng zawng dah pawimawh hmasain i risk chu nasa takin i tihtlem thei a ni:
- Thlai chi hrang hrang, thei leh thlai chi hrang hrang ei tam rawh.
- Ran thau (a bik takin sa sen leh sa processed) tihtlem.
- Exercise tih dan pangngai vawng reng ang che.
- Meizial zuk loh tur leh zu in tam lutuk khap tlat tur a ni.
Heng tih dan te hian colon cancer venna kawngah pawh hmun pawimawh tak a chang a ni.
Colon polyps hi engtiang chiahin nge a nasat?
Colon polyp hi ngaih pawimawh a ni a, a chhan chu ṭhenkhat chuan cancer-ah an chan theihna a nei a ni. Mahse, polyp tam zawk hi hmuhchhuah a nih chuan cancer a ni lo tih hre reng ang che. Ṭhenkhat chu enkawl loh chuan hun kal zelah cancer an nei thei a, hei vang chiah hian doctor-te chuan an hriat chian veleh an paih chhuak nghal mai thei.
Ka colon polyps chungchangah hian ka doctor hnenah eng nge ka zawh tur?
I doctor hnenah a hnuaia zawhnate hi zawh hi ngaihtuah rawh:
- Eng chi colon polyp nge ka neih?
- Ka polyps te hi neoplastic (cancer lo awm thei) nge non-neoplastic ?
- Colon cancer vei theihna ka neih theihna hi a hniam em, a average em, a sang em?
- Hereditary polyposis syndromes awm leh awm loh genetic testing ka nei tur em ni ?
- Heng polyp te hi lakchhuah hnuah engzat nge a lo awm leh theih ang?
- Engtikah nge ka colonoscopy neih leh tur chu ka schedule ang ?
Mi tam tak chuan an scheduled colonoscopy chungchangah an lungkham hle a, tihkhawtlai an tum thei bawk. I ngaihtuah mai thei, "Hetiang zawng zawng hi polyp ka nei lo tih finfiah nan chauh hian a hlu em?" A chhanna chu a ni. Polyp i neih tak tak chuan colonoscopy hi a hmaa hriat leh enkawl dan tha ber a ni a, a tam zawkah chuan a natna lanchhuahna pawh i hriat hmain.
Colon polyp i nei tih an hrilh che chuan lungkhamna i neih hi thil awmdan a ni a, mahse hei hi thil hmuh chhuah tlanglawn tak a ni tih hre reng ang che, mi tam zawk tan chuan hengte hi cancer-ah an chang ngai lo. Polyp pakhat chu hriatchhuah a nih hnuah lakchhuah a nih chuan hlauhawmna a awm tawh lo. A pawimawh ber chu heng growth te hi man hmasak hi a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
Tunah chuan colon polyps chungchang hi i hrethiam tawh zawk a ni . Hlauthawng a ngai lo.
Takeaway pawimawh ber chu doctor nena inrawnkhawm hi a ni—a bik takin kum 45–50 hnuah—a rawt chuan colonoscopy ang chi screening neih a ni. Hei hian doctor-te chu polyp-te chu awlsam leh him takin an hmuchhuak thei a, an paih chhuak thei a, chu chu cancer-a an chan hma rei takah a ni.
Nun hrisel neih hi i invenna tha ber a ni. Ei leh in inthlau tak, exercise neih fo te, zuk leh hmuam leh zu in tam lutuk loh hi i colon hriselna leh i hriselna zawng zawng atan a tangkai hle.
Zawhna dang i neih chuan i primary care physician emaw, Nirogi Lanka emaw, i awmna hmuna medical center-a gastroenterologist emaw hnenah zawh hreh suh. Emergency i tawn chuan 911 emaw i awmna hmuna emergency services emaw hnenah zawhfiah nghal rawh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!
