Chronic kidney disease hi eng stage nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrechhuak ang u.

Doctor in kal lama harsatna emaw, chak lohna emaw i nei tih a hrilh che em? A nih loh leh i hriat mi pakhatin kal natna a nei tih i hre tawh em? Heng thute i hriat hian tlem a hlauthawng leh lungkham deuh hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mahse hei hi kan hriat chian chuan chu hlauhna chu nasa takin a tihziaawm thei a ni. Chuvangin vawiin hian he hun rei tak chhunga kal natna, chu chu `Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)` chungchang hi han sawi ila, a stage hrang hrangte chu eng nge ni a, stage tinah eng nge kan tih tur tih te hi han sawi ila.

Engvangin nge kal natna (CKD) hi stage hrang hrangah then a nih?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, CKD hi hun kal zelah kal hnathawh a tlahniam zauh zauh thin a ni. Hei hi vawi khatah a thleng vek lo. Chuvangin doctor-te chuan natna hi a nasat dan hriatthiam nan stage 1 atanga 5-ah an thliar hrang a ni.

Staircase ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Stairs chung berah i awm chuan i kal (kidney) hian hna a thawk tha ber. I chhuk chuan an hnathawh a tlahniam zel.

• Early stages (stage 1-3): Heng stages chhung hian i kal (kidney) te chu a la thawk tha emaw, a level pangngaiah emaw a la thawk tha hle. A tam zawkah chuan tun dinhmunah hian symptom lian tham a awm lo.
• Late stages (stage 4-5): Hetiang stage thleng hian kal hnathawh chu nasa takin a tlahniam tawh a ni. A tawp berah chuan kal (kidney) te hi a thawk tha lo vek tawh mai thei.

Engtin nge heng stage te hi an tihfel thin? GFR chu eng nge ni?

Okay, tunah chuan doctor-in eng stage-ah nge i awm tih chiang taka a hriat theih dan tur kan en ang a, hei hi i kal "filtration rate" en hian a hriat chian ber a ni.

Kan taksaa kal (kidney) pahnih hi tui filter pahnih ang mai a ni. Kidney hnathawh ber chu thisen atanga bawlhhlawh paih, tui leh chi tam lutuk te filter leh tihthianghlim a, zun anga paih chhuah hi a ni. Kidney chhungah hian he filtering process titu unit tenau tak tak maktaduai tam tak a awm a. `(nephrons)` kan ti a. Heng nephron tina filter lian ber chu `(glomerulus)` an ti a.

Heng filter hmanga i thisen a tihfai rang dan tehna chu Glomerular Filtration Rate , GFR an ti a ni.

Kidney a chhiat chuan he filtration rate (GFR) hi a tlahniam thin. He GFR hi direct-a teh a harsat avangin doctor-te chuan i thisenah bawlhhlawh ``creatinine'' an tih zat an teh a, chu chu special equation hmangin i GFR chhut nan an hmang a, chu chu i kum leh mipa leh hmeichhia te hi a ni. Hei hi estimated GFR , emaw eGFR emaw kan ti a ni.Hei hi i thisen report-a eGFR anga tarlan value chu a ni.

Hei bakah hian zun test (urine test) hmangin zun chhunga protein (albumin) awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni. A chang chuan eGFR hi a pangngai a nih pawhin zun chhunga protein awm hi kal chhiatna chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a ni thei.

CKD stage hrang hrang leh a awmzia

Hei hi CKD stage 5 classified nana hman thin eGFR value a ni. He table hi en hian awlsam takin i hrethiam thei ang.

Stage tinah eng symptom nge hmuh theih?

CKD thil danglam bik pakhat chu a stage a zirin symptoms a inang lo.

Phase 1 leh 2-naah te

Heng a tir lamah hian mi tam zawk chuan an kal (kidney) a la thawk tha em avangin symptoms an nei lo. Thisen emaw zun emaw test a nih chuan natna dang a awm leh awm loh enfiah a nih chuan, a nih loh leh thisen sang enfiah a nih pawhin a thleng mai mai a ni. Mahse mi ṭhenkhat chuan hetiang hi an hmu mai thei:

• Kut, ke emaw, ke ruh emaw a hring chhuak
• Urinary tract infection awm fo thin
• Foamy zun a awm

Phase 3a leh 3b-ah te

Kidney function a tlahniam zual zel chuan taksa chuan a insiamrem harsa zawk thin. Hei hi mi tam takin symptom an neih tan hun a ni.

• Ke leh ke ruh a hring chhuak
• Rihna tlahniam leh ei duh lohna
• Chau leh nunna nei lo anga inhriatna
• Muscle a ti na hle
• Thâwk harsa
• Mu thei lo
• Vun a na
• Zun chhuah a ngai fo thin, a bik takin zan lamah
• Foamy emaw dark urine emaw a awm

Stage 4 leh 5-ah te

Hetih lai hian kal (kidney) te chu a thawk tha tawh lo va, taksa atanga bawlhhlawh te chu thisenah a awm tan ta a ni. Hei hian harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni. A chunga kan sawi tak symptoms bakah hian a hnuaia mite hi a awm thei bawk:

• Thil ngaihtuah harsa tak a ni
• Lu na
• Pum hnuai lam natna
• Kut leh keah tingling
• Nausea leh luak chhuak
• Zun chhuah tlem emaw, chawlhsan vek emaw
• Thâwk rimchhia
• Vun rawng danglam (gray emaw yellow emaw a lo awm) .

Kal natna enkawl dan tur engte nge ni?

CKD hi damdawi a la awm lo. Mahse, enkawlna hian natna lan chhuah dan a thunun thei a, natna kal zel dan a tikhawtlai thei bawk. Natna dinhmun a zirin enkawl dan tur a inang lo.

Stage 1 leh 2 enkawlna

Hetih lai hian tum ber chu kal (kidney) tihchhiat belh zel tur venna a ni. I doctor chuan a hnuaia mi hi a rawn rawt thei ang:

• Meizial i zuk chuan chawlhsan nghal rawh.
• Chaw hrisel ei, chi leh hriak tlem.
• Exercise neih fo thin.
• Taksa rih zawng control.
• Zunthlum i vei chuan i thisen sugar level kha control tha rawh.
• Thisen sang i neih chuan control la.

Stage 3a leh 3b enkawlna

Hetiang dinhmunah hian nunphung inthlak danglamna rual hian natna control nan damdawi pawh a ngai thei bawk.

• Thisen sang damdawi: Thisen sang i nei lo a nih pawhin damdawi thenkhat chuan i kal (kidney) chhiatna a tiziaawm thei a ni.
• Cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi.
• Zunthlum damdawi: Damdawi thenkhat, a bik takin SGLT2 inhibitor te hi zunthlum vei lote tan pawh kal venghim nan pek thin a ni.
• Diuretics: Taksa atanga chi leh tui tam zawk paih chhuah nan a pui thin.
• Damdawi dang: Iron tablet emaw vitamin dang emaw hmanga ruh chakna leh thisen tlakchhamna laka invenna.

Stage 4 leh 5-na enkawlna

Kal (kidney) a hlawhchham hnaih tawh chuan damdawi ringawt pawh taksa hrisel taka awmtir turin a tawk tawh lo. Hetiang dinhmunah hian enkawlna kawng hrang hrang pahnih chu:

• Dialysis: I kal atanga thisen lakchhuahna machine.
• Kidney Transplant: Kal hrisel tak taksa chhunga surgery hmanga dah luh a ni.