Me ako tātou mō te tākuta motuhake ka kite i a koe i mua i te pokanga - te tohunga whakamoe.

Kua whakarite koe mō tētahi pokanga, mō tētahi whakamātautau nui rānei? Kei te mahara koe i te wā, i tua atu i te taote pokanga, i tae mai tētahi atu tākuta motuhake ki te kite i a koe? Ko taua tākuta te tohunga whakamoe. I tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō te tangata o tēnei tohunga whakamoe, āna mahi, me tōna hiranga ki tō whakamarie me tō haumaru.

Ko wai te tohunga whakamoe?

He māmā noa iho, he tākuta te tohunga whakamoe e tiaki ana i a koe i roto i te wāhanga whakamoe, te whakahaere mamae, me te wāhanga tiaki nui i mua, i te wā, me muri i te pokanga, i ētahi atu tikanga hauora mamae rānei. Whakaarohia te hiranga o te kore e pāngia e te mamae i te wā e pokangahia ana. Koia tonu te mahi a tēnei tākuta tohunga, me te haumaru.

He aha te rongoā whakamoe?

He maimoatanga hauora te anesthesia hei ārai i a koe i te mamae i te wā pokanga, i ētahi atu tikanga hauora rānei. Ko ngā rongoā e whakamahia ana e ngā tohunga anesthesiology me ētahi atu tohunga hauora hei whakamutu i tēnei mamae ka kiia he anesthesiology.

Titiro mai, he rerekē ngā mahi a ēnei tikanga whakamoe.

• Ko ētahi rongoā whakangote ka whakangote i tētahi wāhanga motuhake o tō tinana. Whakaarohia he rite ki te rongoā e hoatu ana e koe i mua i te tango niho.
• Ka whakamoea tō roro e ētahi atu rongoā mō tētahi wā, kātahi ka ngaro katoa te māramatanga. Ka whakamahia tēnei i ngā wā pokanga nui, pērā i ngā pokanga o te upoko, te uma, te puku rānei.

Mena he mea iti noa iho tāu, pērā i te whakakī niho, hei tauira, ka hoatu e te tākuta he rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe ki a koe, arā, he rongoā hei whakangoikore i taua wāhi anake.

He tākuta anō rānei te tohunga whakamoe?

Āe, tino tika! Ko te tohunga whakamoe he tākuta he tohu hauora tōna, pērā i tō taote pokanga, i tō tākuta whānau rānei. He tohu tākuta tō rātou i roto i te rongoā (`MD - Doctor of Medicine`, `DO rānei - Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine`). Ā, ina whakaarohia ō rātou kura, tohu whare wānanga, me te noho i muri i te kura hauora, ka whakangungu rātou mō te 12 ki te 14 tau. Nō reira, ehara i te mea ngāwari, tika?

He aha tonu te mahi a te tohunga whakamoe?

Pērā i tō tākuta whānau, ko te tohunga whakamoe te kawenga mō te tiaki i ngā āhuatanga katoa o tō hauora. Hei tauira, ka aroturukihia e rātou tō toto toto, tō mate huka, tō mate huango, me ō mate ngākau i te wā e pokanga ana, me te tuku whakamoe hoki kia kore ai koe e mamae.

Ka āwhina hoki ngā tohunga whakamoe ki te whakarite i tō haumaru mā te hipoki me te tiaki i ngā wāhanga o tō tinana i a koe e kore e mōhio, hei ārai i ngā kino.

He tino kawenga nui ā ngā tohunga whakamoe i mua, i te wā, me muri i te pokanga:

I mua i te pokanga

• Āta tirohia tō hauora me ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau.
• Te whakatau i te kaha o tō tinana mō te pokanga ka mahia e koe.
• Te whakatau ko tēhea mahere whakamoe te mea haumaru mōu.

I te wā o te pokanga

• Ka aro turukihia tonutia ō tohu ora – pērā i te tere o te manawa, te toto toto, me te manawa – i te wā e pokangahia ana.
• Te whakahaere i ō mate hauora o nāianei.
• Te whakarato i ngā wai, i ngā hua toto me ngā rongoā e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana hei mahi (hei tauira, te ngākau, ngā pukahukahu, ngā whatukuhu).
• Ka mahi takitahi pea rātou, me tētahi tīma tiaki whakamoe mamae rānei, arā, ko ngā nēhi whakamoe mamae, ko ngā tauira whakamoe mamae rānei.

I muri i te pokanga

• I muri i te pokanga, ko koe te kawenga mō te tiaki i tō hauora kia ora mārire rā anō koe i ngā pānga o te rongoā whakamoe.
• I te nuinga o te wā, ko te taote whakamoe te kaiwhakatau āhea koe e ora katoa ana i ngā pānga o te whakamoe, ā, kua rite koe ki te hoki ki te kāinga, ki te whakawhiti rānei ki tētahi atu wāhanga o te hōhipera.

Ētahi atu mahi nui

Ka manaaki hoki ngā tohunga whakamoe i te hunga e pokangahia ana, e kore rānei e hiahiatia kia noho pōuri rawa ('Whakamoe Whānui'). Hei tauira, ko ngā mea pēnei i ngā epidural e hoatu ana ki ngā whaea e tata ana ki te whānau i tētahi pēpi hei whakaiti i te mamae .

Ka āwhina hoki rātou ki te tiaki i ngā tūroro i te Wāhanga Tiaki Kaha (ICU) i muri i ngā pokanga nui. Ka mahi tahi hoki rātou me te tīma whakahaere mamae o te hōhipera, i roto rānei i te tari hei āwhina i te hunga e mamae nui ana, ahakoa he aituā, he mamae tuara mau tonu rānei.

He ētahi atu tāngata kei roto i te tīma rongoā whakamoe?

Āe, tera pea ētahi atu tāngata kei roto i te tīma whakamoe, haunga te tohunga whakamoe. Kia kite tātou ko wai rātou.

• Tapuhi Whakamoemiti Rēhita Whaimana (CRNA): He tapuhi rēhita tēnei kua oti i a ia te kaupapa whakangungu tapuhi whakamoemiti whaimana. He tapuhi rātou (ehara i te tākuta) kua whiwhi whakangungu matatau ki te whakarato tiaki whakamoemiti. He maha ngā wā ka mahi te CRNA i raro i te tirotiro a te tākuta whakamoemiti. He rite tonu ki te tiaki a te tapuhi i te wāhanga hōhipera i a koe i raro i te arataki a tō taote pokanga, tākuta whānau rānei.
• Kaiāwhina Tohunga Whakamoemiti Whaimana (CAA): He kaiwhakarato tiaki taumata-waenga tēnei e mahi ana pērā i te CRNA. Heoi, hei utu mō te tohu nēhi, he papamuri pūtaiao tā rātou, pērā i te tohu pre-medical.
• Tākuta Kaiwhakamate: Koinei te tākuta i kōrerohia e tātou i mua ake nei, he tohunga whakangungu mō te mate whakamoe i muri i te kura hauora. E whā tau te roa o tā rātou whakangungu mō te mate whakamoe whānui. Hei tāpiri, ka whakapau pea rātou i tētahi atu tau, e rua rānei, ki te whakangungu motuhake i ngā mara pēnei i te Pediatrics, te Heart, te Obstetrics, te Intensive Care, te Mamae Whakahaere rānei.

He aha ngā pokanga me ngā tikanga e hiahiatia ana he tohunga whakamoe?

He maha ngā pokanga me ngā tikanga hauora e hiahia ana ki tētahi momo rongoā whakamoe me te tohungatanga o tētahi tohunga whakamoe. Ko ngā momo rongoā whakamoe e whakamahia ana e te tohunga whakamoe ko:

• Te Whakamoemiti Whānui - Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te ngaronga katoa o te māramatanga.
• Whakamoe - Ko te tikanga tēnei he tuku i a koe ki te moe māmā.
• Te Whakamoemiti ā-Rohe - Ko te tikanga tēnei he whakangote i tētahi wāhanga nui o te tinana.

Mena he mea iti noa iho te mea e hiahiatia ana e koe, mā te tākuta e mahi ana e hoatu ki a koe.

Ngā pokanga whānui e hiahia ana ki te mate whakamoe whānui:

• Pokanga upoko, tuara rānei
• Pokanga ngākau
• Pokanga pūkahukahu
• Ngā tikanga pokanga i roto i tō puku

Ko te Whakamoemiti ā-Rohe – arā, te whakamoemiti tuaiwi, te whakamoemiti epidural, te aukati whakamoemiti ā-rohe rānei – ka whakamahia mō ngā pokanga whānui:

• Pokanga hope, turi rānei
• Pokanga ringa, waewae rānei

Whakamarie IV – Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te hoatu rongoā ki a koe hei whakangāwari i a koe, hei pupuri hoki i a koe kia ara ake i ngā taumata rerekē (tērā pea ka uru mai he rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe, kāore rānei) – Ngā tikanga noa e hiahiatia ana:

• Te tirotiro i te roto o te trachea (bronchoscopy)
• Te tirotiro i te roto o te whekau nui ('Colonoscopy')
• Te tirotiro i te roto o te pūkahukahu ('Cystoscopy')
• Pokanga niho
• Te whakatikatika i ngā whati wheua iti
• Ngā pokanga kiri iti
• Pokanga kirihou, pokanga hanga anō rānei
• Te tirotiro i te wāhanga o runga o te ara kai (Endoscopy o runga)

Ko ngā tohunga whakamoe hoki ngā tāngata e hoatu ana i ngā rongoā epidural hei whakahaere i te mamae i te wā e whānau ana , me te whakamoe mō ngā mahi cesarean (C-section) .

He aha ngā mea e tika ana kia tumanakohia e koe ina haere koe ki te kite i tētahi tohunga whakamoe?

Ka tūtaki koe ki tō tākuta whakamoe i ētahi rā, i ētahi wiki rānei i mua i tō pokanga. I taua wā, ka whakarite ia kei te pai koe mō te pokanga.

Ngā pātai hei pātai atu ki a koe

Ka pātai atu rātou ki a koe mō ngā mea penei:

• Kei te pēhea tō hauora whānui ?
• He mate hauora motuhake kei mua i a koe , hei tauira, te mate manawa, te mate huka, te mate huango rānei?
• Ngā momo rongoā e tangohia ana e koe (ngā rongoā i whakaritea e te tākuta, ngā rongoā ka taea te hoko kore utu, me ngā tāpiringa rongoā).
• He aha ō mate pāwera?
• Ahakoa kua pāngia koe, tētahi atu rānei o tō whānau e ngā raruraru o te rongoā whakamoe i mua. He mea tino nui tēnei. Ina koa, he mea nui kia kōrero ki tō tākuta mēnā he uaua ki a koe te oho ake i muri i te rongoā whakamoe i mua, kua roa ake rānei te noho i runga i te mīhini manawa i te wā i whakaarohia, kua pāngia koe e te kirika rite ki te mate whakamoe, kua pāngia rānei koe e te whakapairuaki me te ruaki nui i muri i te pokanga.

Ngā whakamātautau tinana i mahia

Ka tirohia e rātou ēnei mea mōu:

• Ara manawa – Arā, ko ō niho, korokoro, kaki, me ngā ara ihu.
• Ngākau.
• Ngā pūkahukahu.
• Te Pā (`Pulse` / `Te tere o te manawa`).

Ka arotakehia anō hoki e rātou ō whakamātautau toto, ngā hihi-X, ngā ultrasound, me ngā pūrongo EKG (electrocardiogram) kia mōhio ai kei te pai tō rite mō tō pokanga.

I muri i te whakaaroaro i ēnei mea katoa, ka whakatauhia e rātou te mahere whakamoe tika māu – ahakoa he whakamoe whānui, he whakamoe rohe, he whakamoe tuaiwi, he whakakotahitanga rānei o ēnei. Kaua e wehi ki te pātai atu ki ō tākuta whakamoe. Whakamāramahia tā rātou e taunaki ana, me ngā mea hei tumanako atu.

Me pēhea te noho hei tohunga anesthesiologist?

Hei mahi hei tohunga whakamoe mate, me whakaoti e te tangata ngā mea katoa e whai ake nei:

• He mātauranga hauora-mua e whā tau te roa i te whare wānanga me te tohu paetahi.
• He mātauranga kura hauora e whā tau te roa (`Kura hauora`) me te tohu hauora (`MD` `DO` rānei).
• He whakangungu motuhake paerua e whā tau te roa ("Noho Noho") i roto i te kaupapa rongoā whakamoe.
• Hei tāpiritanga, ki te hiahia koe, ka taea hoki e koe te whiwhi i tētahi atu tau, e rua rānei o te whakangungu motuhake (`Whakangungu Hononga`) . Arā, i roto i tētahi mara motuhake ake pēnei i te cardiology, te neurology, te pediatrics, te obstetrics me te gynecology, te tiaki nui, te whakahaere mamae rānei.

Whai muri i tēnei whakangungu paerua, ka whiwhi te nuinga o ngā tohunga whakamoe i te tiwhikete poari e te Poari Whakamoe o Amerika (ABA) mā te whakaoti i ngā whakamātautau tuhituhi me ngā whakamātautau ā-waha.

Pērā i ngā tohunga hauora katoa, me haere ngā tohunga whakamoe ki ngā huihuinga me ngā akomanga puta noa i ā rātou mahi kia mau tonu ai ō rātou mōhiotanga ki ngā whanaketanga me ngā hangarau hou i roto i tā rātou mara. Ka uru atu hoki ētahi ki ngā rangahau hei kimi huarahi hou, pai ake hoki mō te tuku whakamoe.

He aha ngā momo tohungatanga iti i roto i te mara o te anesthesiology?

Ko ētahi o ngā tohungatanga iti i roto i te mara o te anesthesiology ko:

• Te whakahaere mamae
• Te rongoā whakangāwari ngākau
• Te rongoā whakangote tamariki
• Neuro-anesthesia
• Te rongoā whakawhānau
• Manaakitanga nui / Manaakitanga nui
• Te rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe / Te whakahaere mamae whakapeka
• Te tiaki hōhipera me te tiaki mamae

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

He taumaha rawa te mahi pokanga, te mahi hauora nui rānei. Engari kia maumahara, he mātauranga me ngā pūkenga motuhake tō tākuta whakamoe hei tiaki i a koe i te wā e pokangahia ana. Mā rātou e hanga he mahere whakamoe i hangaia mōu.

Kaua e wehi ki te pātai atu ki tō tākuta whakamoe. Kei reira rātou hei āwhina i a koe kia pai ake tō noho me tō māia mō tō pokanga. He mea tino nui tō haumaru ki a rātou.

Nō reira, ā te wā e whai ake nei ka pokanga koe, tetahi atu rānei e mōhio ana koe, kua mōhio koe ki te mahi a te tohunga whakamoe, tika? Ko tāku tumanako ka whakamarie i tō hinengaro.

` Tohunga whakamoe, whakamoe, pokanga, pokanga, whakamoe, whakahaere mamae, Tohunga whakamoe