He uaua ki tāu tamaiti te tuhituhi? Me kōrero tāua mō tēnei dysgraphia?

Kua kite koe i te iti o te whai muri o tāu tamaiti i ētahi atu tamariki i roto i ngā mahi kura, inā koa te tuhituhi? Ina kite koe i ngā mea pēnei i tōna kore e taea te tuhituhi kia tika, tōna puhoi ki te tuhituhi, tōna kore rānei e pai ki te tuhituhi, ka whakaaro pea koe, "Kāore tēnei tamaiti e ngana nui ana." Engari ehara i te mea he mangere noa iho. Tērā pea he āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te dysgraphia.

He aha te Dysgraphia? Kia mārama tātou!

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te dysgraphia he mate pūnaha io e uaua ai te tangata ki te whakapuaki i ōna whakaaro ki ngā kupu me te tuhi i aua whakaaro. Ehara tēnei i te mea nā tōna tau, tōna mātauranga, tōna kore mātauranga rānei. E kiia ana te dysgraphia he "rerekētanga ako".

Whakaarohia te uaua o te tukanga tuhituhi. E hiahiatia ana te whai wāhi mai o ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tātou roro me ngā pūkenga rerekē.

• Ngā pūkenga nekeneke pai: E pā ana tēnei ki te kaha ki te whakamahi i ngā uaua iti o ngā maihao hei pupuri i te pene, i te pene rānei, me te tuhituhi me te tuhituhi ataahua.
• Te mārama ki te wāhi: Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te mārama ki te wāhi i waenga i ngā reta me ngā kupu. Te āheinga ki te tuhi tika i roto i te rārangi me te whakahaere i te wāhi i runga i te whārangi.
• Mahara mahi: Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te maumahara ki ngā mea kei roto i tō hinengaro, me te kore e wareware kia tuhia rā anō e koe. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te hono i te whakaaro mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga i te wā e tuhi ana i tētahi rerenga kōrero.
• Te waehere tuhi: Ahakoa he ahua uaua tēnei, ko tōna tikanga ko te kaha ki te maumahara ki ngā āhua o ngā reta, ngā tau, me ngā tohu, me te maumahara anō ina hiahiatia.
• Te Tukatuka Reo: Te Mārama ki te Reo me te Hanga Kupu me Ngā Rerenga Kōrero.
• Te Whakatakoto Whakaaro: Ko te tukanga o te whakarite i ngā whakaaro i roto i tō hinengaro kia taea ai te tuhi.
• Te Whakaritenga: Te whakarite i ngā mea kua tuhia kia raupapa, kia whai tikanga hoki.

He maha o ēnei mea ka honoa hei āwhina i a tātou ki te tuhituhi ataahua, mārama hoki. Nō reira, tera pea ka uaua ki te tangata he dysgraphia te tuhi i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ēnei. Koia te take he uaua pea te tautuhi i tēnei mate i ētahi wā.

Ko te dysgraphia te mea ka puta i te tīmatanga o te tuhituhi a ngā tamariki. Ka kiia tēnei ko te dysgraphia whanaketanga . Ka taea hoki te puta i ētahi wā i muri i te whara ohorere, pērā i te whara o te upoko. Ka kiia tēnei ko te dysgraphia whiwhi .

Ka taka tēnei āhuatanga ki roto i te wāhanga o tētahi "mate ako motuhake" - he tika ake, he "mate ako motuhake i roto i te tuhituhi".

He wāhanga rānei o te dyslexia te dysgraphia?

Kāo. He rerekē ngā mate pūnaha io e rua te dyslexia me te dysgraphia. Heoi, nā te mea he rite ētahi o ngā tohu, ā, i ētahi wā ka noho tahi ngā mate e rua, he maha ngā wā ka whakapoauau te tangata i ngā mea e rua.

He mate pānui te dyslexia. Ka roa ake te pānui a te tangata he dyslexia, he uaua ki te mōhio ki ngā kupu, ā, he iti iho te taumata o tana pānui i te mea e tika ana. Tērā pea ka uaua anō hoki ki a rātou te wehewehe i ngā kupu ki ngā oro me te hono i ngā reta ki ngā oro.

He uauatanga te tuhituhi i te dysgraphia. Ka rerekē mai i te uauatanga tinana ki te tuhituhi ā-ringa ki te uauatanga ki te whakarite me te tuhi whakaaro.

He āhuatanga autism te Dysgraphia?

Ehara te dysgraphia i te wāhanga o te Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Heoi, he maha ngā tāngata whai autism e pāngia ana e te dysgraphia. Heoi, ka taea te pāngia e te dysgraphia me te kore autism.

Ko te mate autism spectrum disorder (ASD) he āhuatanga whanaketanga roro e uru ana ki:

• Ngā huringa me ngā uauatanga o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pāpori.
• Ngā ngoikoretanga i roto i ngā taunekeneke pāpori.
• Ngā whanonga, ngā hiahia, ngā mahi rānei e herea ana, e tāruaruatia ana.
• Ngā take tairongo.

Ka taea e koe te kite i ngā tohu penei.

Ko wai ka pāngia e tēnei mate? He pēhea te noa o tōna pānga?

Ka pāngia ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke e te dysgraphia. Pērā i te maha o ngā āhuatanga whanaketanga roro, he nui ake te kitea o te dysgraphia i roto i ngā tama.

Mena kei roto i tō whānau tēnei mate, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te dysgraphia. He mea noa anō hoki te dysgraphia i roto i ngā tamariki e pāngia ana e te autism spectrum disorder (ASD) me/ranei te Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

He mate tino noa te dysgraphia. E ai ki ngā kairangahau kei waenganui i te 5% me te 20% o te taupori te mate pea. Ko te take he nui rawa tēnei awhe, he maha ngā wā ka hē te tautuhi i te dysgraphia, ka hē rānei te tautuhi hei mate kē atu.

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai mēnā he dysgraphia tōu? He aha ngā tohu?

Tērā pea he maha ngā uauatanga o te tuhituhi a te tangata whai dysgraphia. He mea miharo, tera pea ka ngāwari ake, ka matatau ake hoki tā rātou kōrero i tā rātou tuhituhi. Tērā pea ka raru rātou ki ngā mea pēnei i:

• Te kore e taea te hanga mārama i ngā reta, me/ranei te tuhituhi mārama.
• Te rahi momotuhi me te mokowā i waenga i ngā reta.
• Te tuhituhi.
• Te taunga o ngā nekenekehanga pai.
• Te tere o te tuhituhi.
• Te wetereo.
• Te hanganga.

Anei ētahi huarahi motuhake ka puta ai te dysgraphia:

• Te uaua ki te tuhituhi i te rārangi tika.
• Te uaua ki te pupuri me te whakahaere tika i tētahi taputapu tuhituhi (pene, pene rānei).
• Te tuhi i ngā reta whakamuri (hei tauira, te tuhi i te 'd' hei utu mō te 'b').
• He uaua ki te maumahara me pēhea te hanganga o ngā reta.
• Kāore e taea te mārama ki te wāhi e tika ai te whakamahi i ngā reta matua me ngā reta iti.
• He uaua ki te tuhi i ngā rerenga kōrero me te wetereo tika me ngā tohutō tika.
• Te tango kupu mai i ngā rerenga kōrero.
• Te whakatakoto i ngā kupu ki te raupapa hē o tētahi rerenga kōrero.
• Te whakamahinga hē o ngā kupumahi me ngā kupu whakakapi.

He mea nui: Ki te whai koe i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ēnei āhuatanga, ehara i te mea he dysgraphia tō te tangata. Heoi, ki te mea he uaua ki tāu tamaiti te ako i ngā pūkenga taketake e hiahiatia ana hei tuhituhi i roto i te huarahi e tika ana mō tōna tau, he mea nui kia whakamatautauria ia kia kitea ai mēnā e hiahia ana ia ki tētahi āwhina motuhake.

He aha te take o te dysgraphia?

Kāore anō kia mōhiotia e ngā kaipūtaiao me ngā tākuta roro te tino take o te dysgraphia whanaketanga. E ai ki tā tātou i kōrero ai i mua, he tino uaua te tukanga tuhituhi. He maha ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tātou roro e pā ana ki tēnei mate. Heoi, nā te mea e āhua ana ka puta mai tēnei mate i roto i ngā whānau, e āhua ana he hononga ira kei reira.

Me pēhea koe e tino mōhio ai mēnā he dysgraphia tōu?

Kei roto i te Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, putanga 5 (DSM-5) te dysgraphia i raro i te kāwai o "ngā ngoikoretanga ako motuhake," engari kāore e tautuhia hei mate motuhake. Kāore hoki e whakarato i ngā paearu motuhake mō te tautuhi mate. Nā tēnei ka uaua te tautuhi mate dysgraphia—engari kāore e kore e taea.

Pērā i te dyslexia, ka āta whakaarohia e te aromatawai a tāu tamaiti mō te dysgraphia ngā mea e whai ake nei:

• Ngā kaha me ngā ngoikoretanga o te tamaiti i roto i te ako.
• Hītori mātauranga.
• Te uauatanga o te tuhituhi.
• He aha ngā uauatanga o te tuhituhi?
• Te pānga o te whakatikatika me te tautoko kua arotahi ki te taumata mātauranga o te tamaiti i nāianei.

Ka taea e ngā tākuta te tuku tātaritanga hauora mō te dysgraphia. Tērā pea ka hiahiatia he rōpū tohunga, pēnei i:

• Ngā kaiwhakaora mahi
• Ngā kaiwhakaora tinana
• Ngā kaiwhakaora kōrero
• Ngā tohunga hinengaro roro

Tērā pea ka whakamahia e te kura o tāu tamaiti ngā paearu rerekē mō te whai mana ki ngā kaupapa wawaotanga wawe, ki ngā kaupapa mātauranga motuhake rānei.

Āhea te wā e tika ai kia whakamātauria te tamaiti mō te dysgraphia?

He pai ake te whakamātautau i ngā rerekētanga ako i te tuatahi. Mēnā ka kitea wawe te dysgraphia, ka tere ake te ako a tāu tamaiti i ngā tikanga tuhituhi hou. I runga i te pānga o te dysgraphia ki te tamaiti, ka puta pea ngā tohu o te mate i te 5 tau te pakeke, i te wā taitamariki rānei.

I te mea ka piki haere te nui o ngā tuhituhi i te kura i a tātou e pakeke haere ana, he mea nui kia tautuhia wawetia te dysgraphia. He mea nui anō hoki kia maumahara kāore i te roa rawa te wā ki te rapu tātaritanga me te āwhina.

Tērā pea ka tūtohu te kura o tāu tamaiti kia arotakehia ngā āhuatanga ako e tētahi tohunga hinengaro mātauranga whai tiwhikete. Pātai atu ki te tari whakahaere o te kura mō te āwhina ki te kimi i tētahi tangata ka taea e koe te whakapā atu.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana hei tautuhi i te dysgraphia?

Kāore he whakamātautau hauora motuhake e hiahiatia ana hei tautuhi i te dysgraphia, ā, kāore anō hoki he whakamātautau e wātea ana i tēnei wā. Engari, ka whakatauhia e ngā tākuta he mate i runga i te aromatawai hōhonu i ngā uauatanga tuhituhi a tāu tamaiti. Ka whakahaerehia hoki e ngā tohunga mātauranga he aromatawai hei whakatau i te tika mō ngā kaupapa motuhake.

Ka whakamahia pea e ngā tākuta ngā aromatawai me ngā whakamātautau pēnei i ēnei i te wā o te tukanga tātaritanga:

• Ngā aromatawai ā-ringa kua whakaōkawahia: Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te ine i te tere me te mārama o te tuhituhi a tāu tamaiti.
• Whakamātautau Whanaketanga Beery mō te Whakaurunga Tirohanga-ā-Kiwa (VMI): Ka āwhina tēnei whakamātautau ki te aromatawai i te whānuitanga o te kaha o te tamaiti ki te whakauru i ngā pūkenga tirohanga (tiro) me te nekeneke (nekehanga tinana) e tika ana mō te tuhituhi.

Nā te mea kāore ēnei whakamātautau e aromatawai i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te dysgraphia, ka whakawhirinaki te tīma mātauranga a tāu tamaiti ki ētahi atu tikanga hei tautuhi i te dysgraphia. Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia he rangahau hōhonu ake i runga i tāu tamaiti me ōna rerekētanga ako.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te dysgraphia?

Nā te mea he whānuitia ngā tohu o te dysgraphia, ā, he rerekē hoki ngā pānga ki ia tangata, ki ia tangata, he rerekē rawa te huarahi e whakahaerea ai te dysgraphia i ia tangata, i ia tangata.

I tēnei wā, kāore he rongoā hei rongoā i te dysgraphia. Engari, mā ngā wawaotanga mātauranga ka taea te whakaako i ngā huarahi hou, whai hua ki te tuhituhi.

Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā wawaotanga mātauranga ki ēnei taumata:

• Wāhi Noho: He ratonga tēnei e āhei ai tāu tamaiti ki te uru atu ki te marautanga matua me te kore e whakarerekē i ngā ihirangi o te marautanga. He ratonga tēnei e āwhina ana i tāu tamaiti ki te ako me te kore e whakarerekē i te marautanga. Hei tauira, te hoatu i te wā nui ake ki tāu tamaiti ki te tuhituhi, ki te whakamahi rānei i te rorohiko hei utu mō te tuhituhi.
• Whakarerekētanga: Ka whakarerekē te kura o tāu tamaiti i ngā whāinga me ngā whāinga a te tamaiti, ā, ka whakarato ratonga hei whakaiti i te pānga o te dysgraphia. Hei tauira, mā tāu tamaiti e whakautu ā-waha ngā pātai kaua ki ngā whakautu tuhituhi i ngā whakamātautau.
• Te Whakaora: Ka whakaratohia e te kura o tāu tamaiti ngā wawaotanga motuhake hei whakaiti i te kaha o tana dysgraphia. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakamahi i ngā mahi me ngā mahi motuhake hei whakapai ake i ōna pūkenga tuhituhi.

Kia whiwhi ai tāu tamaiti i te mātauranga e tika ana māna, he mea tino nui kia tautokona e koe tāu tamaiti me te mahi tahi me te kura.

Ka taea te ārai i te dysgraphia?

Engari, kāore e taea te ārai i te dysgraphia. Heoi, ka taea te whakahaere mā te kimi i ngā rautaki tuhituhi rerekē.

He mea nui te tautuhi wawe i te mate – ki te whakaatu tō tamaiti i ngā tohu tōmua o te dysgraphia, kōrero ki te tākuta o tāu tamaiti. Ki te tautuhia tāu tamaiti he dysgraphia, mahi tahi me te kura ki te whakawhanake i tētahi Mahere Mātauranga Takitahi (IEP) .

He aha te tirohanga mō te dysgraphia?

Ki te kore e tautuhia te dysgraphia, ka uaua pea mā ngā tamariki te angitū i te kura. He pūkenga mātauranga nui te tuhituhi e hono ana ki te whakatutukitanga mātauranga whānui.

Ko ngā tamariki e raru ana ki te tuhituhi ka tapaina he "pōrearea" he "mangere" rānei, kaua e kīia he mate ako. Nō reira, ka pāngia pea te tamaiti e te dysgraphia e ngā raruraru whakaaro nui ki a ia anō, ā, ka whakaaro kāore ia i te mōhio. Mā te tautoko pai mai i ngā whanaunga me ngā kaiako ka āwhina i te tamaiti ki te wikitoria i ēnei arai.

He aha te tikanga o te noho me te dysgraphia?

Kāore te dysgraphia e tohu noa i te uaua ki te tuhituhi, engari ko te tikanga kei a koeEhara i te mea he koretake koe, he mangere rānei. He mea nui te kimi huarahi hei āwhina i te whakahaere i te dysgraphia kia angitu ai te ako me te pupuri i tō whakaaro nui ki a koe anō. Kia mārama ko te dysgraphia ehara i te tohu i te kore o te mohio.

Me pēhea te āwhina i tētahi tamaiti he dysgraphia?

Tautokohia tāu tamaiti. Ka taea e koe me te kura o tāu tamaiti te mahi tahi ki te waihanga i tētahi Mahere Mātauranga Takitahi (IEP). Kei roto i tēnei tuhinga ngā tumanakohanga me ngā mahere akoranga kua whakawhaiarotia mō tāu tamaiti i te kura.

Ka taea hoki e koe te āwhina i te whakapai ake i ngā pūkenga tuhituhi a tāu tamaiti i te kāinga.

• Whakamātauria ngā taputapu hei whakamāmā ake i te tuhituhi, pērā i ngā pupuri pene.
• Rapua ngā taupānga, ngā pūmanawa rānei hei āwhina i te tuhituhi ā-ringa.
• Whakamahia ngā kaiwhakahaere whakairoiro hei āwhina i ngā mahi tuhituhi.

Ki te whakapae koe, te kaiako rānei a tāu tamaiti he mate ako tō tāu tamaiti pērā i te dysgraphia, ka taea e koe te tiki āwhina. He mate pūnaha io te dysgraphia ka taea te whakahaere. Kōrero ki te tākuta, ki te kaiako, ki te kaiwhakahaere kura rānei a tāu tamaiti, kia kitea ai he huarahi hei whakapai ake i ngā pūkenga tuhituhi a tāu tamaiti.

Ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara mā tātou (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

• He āhuatanga tūturu te dysgraphia, ehara i te mea he hoha, he kore hiahia rānei. Ehara i te mea kāore te tamaiti e pai ki te tuhituhi, engari he wero tūturu mā rātou.
• He mea tino nui te tautuhi wawe me te āwhina. Ko te wawe o te whiwhinga a te tamaiti i te tautoko e hiahiatia ana e rātou, ko te pai ake o tā rātou ako angitu me tēnei mate.
• Kāore tēnei e pā ana ki te mātauranga o te tamaiti. He tino mātau pea ngā tamariki e pāngia ana e te dysgraphia. He uaua noa iho ki a rātou te tuhituhi.
• E hiahia ana tō tamaiti ki tō aroha, ki tō tautoko, me tō māramatanga. Mā te whakatenatena i a rātou me te maioha ki ā rātou mahi ka nui te āwhina ki te hanga i tō rātou whakapono ki a rātou anō.
• Rapua he tautoko a te tohunga. Ka taea e koe te ako mō ngā tikanga me ngā mahi whakakori tinana e tika ana mō tāu tamaiti mai i ngā tāngata pēnei i ngā kaiwhakaora mahi me ngā tohunga mātauranga.
• Mahi tahi me te kura. Whakaratohia ki te tamaiti ngā ratonga me ngā tautoko e tika ana i te kura mā te `IEP`.

Ahakoa he āhuatanga uaua te dysgraphia, mā te tautoko me ngā tikanga tika, ka taea e te tamaiti te whai i tētahi heke mai angitu. Ko te mea nui kia rongo te tamaiti kei reira koe hei tautoko i a ia.

Te koretake o te tuhituhi, te uauatanga ki te tuhituhi, ngā ngoikoretanga ako, te mātauranga o ngā tamariki, te whanaketanga o te roro, te tuhituhi ā-ringa, te tautoko mātauranga