He aha kei roto i ō kanohi? Me titiro tātou ki te whakamātautau (Fundoscopy/Ophthalmoscopy)!

Kua whakaaro koe he aha te mea e kitea ana e te tākuta ina whiti mai he rama iti ki roto i ō kanohi? Koinei te mea ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā, e kiia nei ko te "Fundoscopy" me te "Ophthalmoscopy". He whakamātautau tino māmā tēnei, engari he mea nui rawa atu. Me kōrero taipitopito atu tātou mō tēnei?

He aha tēnei (Fundoscopy)? He māmā noa iho...

Ki te whakarapopoto, ko te "fundoscopy" he tirotiro i te tuara o tō kanohi, te pakitara o roto. Ka whakamahia e te tākuta he taputapu whakanui me te rama iti e piri ana ki reira. Ka whakamahia tēnei mō ngā whakamātautau hauora o ia rā, me te tautuhi i ētahi mate me ngā whara kanohi.

Ko te kupu "fundus" te tikanga o te pakitara o muri o te kanohi. Koia te take i huaina ai tēnei whakamātautau he "fundoscopy." Waihoki, ko te taputapu matua e whakamahia ana mō tēnei ko te "ophthalmoscope." Nō reira, koia te take i huaina ai tēnei whakamātautau he "ophthalmoscopy." He ingoa e rua mō te whakamātautau kotahi.

Titiro mai, e rua ngā tikanga matua mō te mahi i tēnei whakamātautau "(Fundoscopy)". He rerekē ngā taputapu e whakamahia ana mō ia tikanga.

1. Tirotiro Mata Tika:

• Ka whakamahia he taputapu iti, he mea pupuri ringa, he matapihi whakanui me te rama. Ka noho te tākuta ki mua i a koe, ka pupuri i te taputapu ki tōna ringa, ka titiro ki roto i tō kanohi mā te karāhe. He rite ki te titiro mā te rama iti, engari ka nui ake te āhua o roto o tō kanohi.

2. Te tirotiro kanohi ā-kore:

• He rerekē tēnei. Tērā pea kua kite koe i te tākuta e mau ana i tētahi anga porowhita e mau ana i tōna mahunga. He wāhanga iti, he rite ki te tokotoko, ka taea e koe te kite i mua. Ka taea e koe te kite mā te kanohi kotahi, mā ngā kanohi e rua rānei. Hei tāpiri, kei te ringa o te tākuta tētahi atu karāhe iti e kiia nei ko te "karāhe whakapūpū". Ka puritia e ia ki mua i tō kanohi, ā, ka whakarerekē i te koki. Ina titiro koe ki tēnei ara, ka taea e koe te kite i te tuara o te kanohi me te mārama ake . Ki te titiro te tākuta mā ngā kanohi e rua, he tirohanga toru-ahu (3D) . Ko te tikanga ka taea e koe te kite mārama me te hōhonu.

Haunga ēnei tikanga e rua, he rerekētanga iti anō kei roto i te (Indirect Ophthalmoscopy). Ka kiia ko (Monocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy). I tēnei, ka pupuri te tākuta i te (Ophthalmoscope) ki te ringa kotahi ka titiro mā te kanohi kotahi, me te whakamahi i te (condensing glance) ki te ringa kē. Heoi, i tēnei take, he iti ake te tirohanga toru-ahu me te tirohanga hōhonu.

Āhea tēnei whakamātautau ka oti?

Ko tēnei whakamātautau, e kiia nei ko te "fundoscopy," he mea e mahia ana i ngā wā tirotiro hauora o ia rā. Tērā pea kua kite koe i tēnei mahi, inā koa ka haere koe ki te kite i tō tākuta whānau (Kaiwhakarato Manaaki Tuatahi) ka haere rānei tō tamaiti ki te tākuta tamariki. Hei tāpiri, ka mahia anō hoki tēnei whakamātautau i roto i ngā take pēnei i:

• Ngā whakamātautau kanohi: He mea tēnei e tino mahia ana.
• Ngā whakamātautau io: Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te kite i ngā raruraru o te roro me te pūnaha io.
• Ngā whakamātautau tinana: I ētahi wā ka mahia hei wāhanga o te tirotiro tinana katoa.

I ētahi wā, ka whakahaerehia e ngā tākuta tēnei whakamātautau kia hohonu ake. Ka kiia ko te "extended ophthalmoscopy." Ka tirohia tata atu ngā mea kei roto i te kanohi, ā, ka hangaia he pikitia mōna. Ka mahia tēnei i muri i te pokanga i te retina, i roto rānei i ētahi āhuatanga.

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He pēhea te mahi a tēnei whakamātautau "(Fundoscopy)"?

Kei te mōhio koe, ko te porowhita pango iti i waenganui o tō kanohi, te karu , he rite ki te matapihi te whakatuwheratanga ki roto i te kanohi. Ko te iris , he kiko uaua e homai ana te tae ki tō kanohi, e whakahaere ana i te rahi o tēnei karu. Ka uru te mārama ki te kanohi mā roto i tēnei karu. Koinei te taahiraa tuatahi ki tō kaha ki te kite.

Ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta tēnei tikanga tirotiro i roto i ō kanohi mā te whakamahi i tētahi ophthalmoscope. Mā te mārama i roto i te ophthalmoscope ka whakamārama te roto o te kanohi, ā, mā ngā karāhe whakanui ka taea e te tākuta te kite i ngā mea kei roto i te kanohi me te mārama me te taipitopito .

Ina tirohia e te tākuta mā te ophthalmoscope, ka rapua e ia ngā mea motuhake i roto i te tuarongo o te kanohi. Ko ngā mea matua e rapua ana e rātou ko:

• Ngā ākonga me te āhua o tā rātou urupare ki te mārama: Ka mimiti, ka nui rānei ngā ākonga ina pā te mārama ki a rātou?
• Te whakaata o te fundus reflex: Koinei te ara e whakaata ai te mārama i te pakitara o muri o te kanohi. Koinei te mea e whakaatu ana i te kanapa o ngā kanohi o ngā tamariki nohinohi.
• Retina: Koinei te kiriuhi e tairongo ana ki te mārama i roto i te kanohi, he rite ki te kiriata i roto i te kāmera.
• Hanganga o te Io Whatu: Ka haria e tēnei io ngā kōrero mō ngā mea e kitea ana mā roto i ngā kanohi ki te roro.

He aha ngā mea hei tumanakohia i mua i te fundoscopy?

I te nuinga o te wā, kāore e nui te whakarite e hiahiatia ana e koe mō tēnei whakamātautau "fundoscopy". Heoi, i ētahi wā motuhake, ka kī atu tō tākuta, tō tākuta kanohi rānei mēnā me mahi tetahi mea.

I ētahi wā, ka tāpirihia e te tākuta, e te tākuta kanohi rānei he pata kanohi ki roto i ō kanohi hei whakanui i ō karu . He pono rawa tēnei ina mahia hei wāhanga o te whakamātautau kanohi. Mā te whakanui i ō kanohi ka taea e te tākuta te kite pai ake, te whānui ake hoki i te roto o tō kanohi.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te wā o te whakamātautau (Fundoscopy)?

I te wā o te tirotiro kanohi, ka noho tō tākuta, tō tākuta kanohi rānei i runga i tētahi tūru, ka takoto rānei koe i runga i tētahi moenga i mua i a rātou. He maha ngā wā ka mahia tēnei whakamātautau i roto i tētahi rūma pōuriuri . Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te kite i roto i ō kanohi. Ka tono te tākuta kia titiro tika koe ki mua, ā, i ētahi wā ka tono kia tahuri ō kanohi ki tētahi taha.

Ki te mea kei te titiro koe mā te tikanga "Indirect Ophthalmoscopy", ka pupuri te tākuta i tētahi karāhe iti i te ringaringa ki mua i tō kanohi. Kātahi ka whakarite ia i taua karāhe ki te matapihi tiro i runga i te taputapu e mau ana i tōna mahunga.

E ai ki taku kōrero i mua ake nei, ka taea te whakawhānui i te kanohi hei wāhanga o tēnei whakamātautau, inā koa i te wā e tirotirohia ana te kanohi. Mā te whakawhānui i ō kanohi ka āwhina i tō tākuta kia kite i ngā raruraru iti, ngaro rānei i roto i tō kanohi. Ka taea e tō tākuta te kī atu ki a koe he aha tāna e titiro ana, me te mea ka kite ia i tētahi mea whakapae.

Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe, "Ka mamae tēnei whakamātautau?" Kāore rawa! He whakamātautau kore mamae tēnei. Tērā pea ka pāngia koe e te mamae ina pā te mārama ki tō kanohi, engari ka mutu i roto i ētahi meneti. Kāore he mea hei manukanuka.

He aha te mea hei tumanako atu i muri i te whakamātautau?

Ki te kite tō tākuta i tētahi mea whakapae, ka tonoa pea e ia ētahi atu whakamātautau. Hei tauira, he whakaahua fundus (he tango pikitia o roto o tō kanohi) he whakamātautau rama kutikuti rānei (he tirotiro i tō kanohi me te karuārai motuhake). Ka rerekē pea tēnei i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Nō reira, kaua e mangere ki te pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō ētahi atu kōrero mō ngā whakamātautau e tūtohutia ana e ia me ōna āwangawanga.

He aha te tikanga o ngā hua o tō whakamātautau?

Mā tō tākuta, mā tō tākuta kanohi rānei koe e kōrero ki a rātou mō ngā mea i kitea i roto i ō kanohi. Mā rātou anō hoki e whakamārama mēnā he mea hei aro atu. Mā rātou anō hoki koe e ārahi mō ngā mea hei mahi i muri mai, me ngā mea hei mārama.

Tērā pea ētahi tākuta e kōrero ana mō ngā mea e tupu ana i a koe e mahi ana i te whakamātautau. Ko ētahi atu e kōrero taipitopito ana mō ngā mea i kitea e rātou i muri i te mutunga o te whakamātautau. He mea whaiaro tēnei i ētahi wā. Heoi, ki te mea kei te āwangawanga koe, kei te manukanuka rānei mō te whakamātautau, kōrero atu ki tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o te whakamātautau. Ka taea e ia te mārama ki ō kare ā-roto, te āwhina i a koe kia marino, me te āwhina i a koe ki te wikitoria i ō mataku.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

E kīia ana "ko ngā kanohi ngā matapihi ki te wairua." Hei tāpiri, ka taea te kī ko ngā kanohi ngā matapihi ki tō hauora . Ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta i ngā momo mara tēnei whakamātautau (Fundoscopy) hei tirotiro i roto i ō kanohi, hei kimi i ngā kōrero nui mō te hauora o ō kanohi, o tō roro, me tō tinana katoa. Ko te (Fundoscopy), (Ophthalmoscopy) rānei, he tikanga e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei tirotiro i ngā raruraru e hiahia ana kia rongoatia.He tikanga tino nui.

Ko te mea pai ake , he tere, he kore mamae, ā, ka taea te mahi me te iti o ngā taputapu . Nō reira, ka taea te mahi ngāwari i ngā wāhi katoa o te ao, ahakoa i ngā wāhi he iti noa ngā whare hauora me ngā hangarau. Nō reira, i te wā e whai ake nei ka whiti te rama o te tākuta ki roto i tō kanohi, ka mōhio koe ki te hiranga o tēnei whakamātautau!