He tangata waranga koe ki te petipeti? He tangata rānei e mōhio ana koe? (Mate petipeti) Me kōrero tāua mō tēnei!

I ētahi wā, ko te petipeti, ka tīmata mā te ngahau iti, me ngā hoa me te peti iti, ka taea te huri haere hei raruraru nui e whakahaere ana i tō oranga me te kore e mōhiotia e koe. Kua pāngia koe e tēnei wheako? Kua kite rānei koe i tētahi e mōhio ana koe, he hoa, he mema whānau rānei e pāngia ana e tēnei raruraru waranga petipeti? He kaupapa tēnei e kore e pai ki te kōrero mō te tini o te tangata, engari me kōrero. Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrerohia e tātou tēnei āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te Mate Petipeti , arā, ko te waranga rerekē ki te petipeti.

He aha te Mate Petipeti?

He māmā noa iho, he mate hinengaro te mate petipeti . Ko tōna āhua he whanonga petipeti kāore e taea te whakahaere, he auau, he kino hoki. Ka taea e ia te whakararuraru nui . Ka taea hoki e ia te pā nui ki ō whanaungatanga whānau, ki tō mahi, ki tō kura, ki tō āhua pūtea rānei.

Ina kīia te "petipeti", ko tōna tikanga he mahi e whakararu ana te tangata i tētahi mea nui (pēnei i te moni, i te taonga rānei) i te tumanako ka toa i tētahi mea nui ake. He maha ngā momo petipeti. Ko ngā mea tino noa ko ngā kēmu casino me te petipeti hākinakina . Heoi, he mea nui kia mahara ehara i te mea ko te hunga katoa e petipeti ana ka whakawhanake i tēnei waranga.

E ai ki te American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), ko te waranga petipeti he waranga whanonga . Inaa, koinei anake te waranga whanonga e mohiotia ana i roto i te DSM-5 i tēnei wā. I ētahi wā, he rite te waranga petipeti ki te mate whakamahi matū . Ka pāngia e ngā mea e rua te matū o tō roro. Ka taea hoki e rāua te whakaputa i ngā tohu tango me te manawanui ina mutu tō whakamahi i te tarukino.

Ka karangatia hoki tēnei āhuatanga e ētahi tāngata ko te "Petipeti Ārai" ko te "Petipeti Raruraru" rānei.

Ko wai te mea tino pāngia e tēnei āhuatanga?

Ka pāngia ngā taiohi me ngā pakeke e te waranga petipeti. Ahakoa he ture kore te petipeti mō te hunga kei raro iho i te 18 tau te pakeke i ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika, he mea noa i waenga i te hunga o taua reanga. Kua tautuhia te tīmatanga ki te petipeti i te wā taitamariki hei take mōrearea mō te whakawhanake i te waranga petipeti i muri mai i te ao. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mōhio āu tamariki ki tēnei take.

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He pēhea te noa o te waranga petipeti?

E ai ki ngā whakatau tata a ngā kairangahau kei waenganui i te 2% me te 4% o te taupori o Amerika e pāngia ana e tēnei waranga petipeti. Heoi, kāore pea ēnei tatauranga i te tino tika. Nā te mea kāore te katoa e pāngia ana e tēnei mate e rapu tohutohu hauora, e rapu maimoatanga rānei. Ahakoa i roto i tō tātou whenua, he uaua ki te kī tika e hia ngā tāngata e pāngia ana e tēnei raruraru, nā te mea kāore i te kōrerohia whānuitia.

He aha ngā tohu o te waranga petipeti?

Ko te tohu tino kitea, tino kitea hoki o te waranga petipeti ko te whakararuraru i ngā āhuatanga nui o tō oranga, pērā i ō whanaungatanga whānau, mahi, me te pumau o te pūtea. Whakaarohia, he hoa tōu e raru tonu ana i te moni, e whawhai ana ki tōna whānau, ā, kāore e taea e ia te mahi tika i tana mahi. Mena nā te mea kei te petipeti tonu ia i ēnei mea katoa, he tohu whakatūpato nui tēnā.

Anei ētahi atu āhuatanga motuhake ka taea te tautuhi:

• Te whakaaro tonu ki te petipeti: Kei roto tonu i tō hinengaro te petipeti, tae noa ki te wā kāore e taea e koe te whakaaro ki tētahi atu mea. Ngā mea pēnei i te pēhea e whiwhi moni ai koe i te wā e whai ake nei, me te wāhi e haere ai koe ki te petipeti.
• Te hiahia ki te whakapau moni, ki ngā taonga rānei hei whiwhi i te ahuareka me te whakaohooho ōrite (Manawanui): Ko te ahuareka i puta tuatahi mai i te tākaro me te moni iti, ka memeha haere i te roanga o te wā. Nō reira, ko te hiahia ki te tākaro me te moni anō hei whiwhi i te ahuareka ōrite.
• Te korenga e taea te whakahaere, te whakamutu rānei i te petipeti: Ahakoa te nui o tō whakaaro, "Kāore au e petipeti anō," kāore e taea e koe.
• Te āhua o te koretake, te riri rānei i te wā e ngana ana ki te whakamutu i te petipeti (Te Wehenga): Pērā i te tangata e waranga ana ki ngā raau taero, i te wā e ngana ana koe ki te whakamutu i te petipeti, ka pā te manukanuka, te riri, me te hoha.
• Te petipeti ina pāngia koe e te ahotea (hei "mawhiti" mai i ngā kare ā-roto kino): Ina pōuri koe, ina āwangawanga rānei, e whakaaro ana koe ko te petipeti anake te huarahi hei whakakore i tēnā.
• Te Whai i ngā Hinganga: Te petipeti hei whakahoki mai i ngā hinganga petipeti o nāianei , ā, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake ngā hinganga ka hua ake.
• Te teka ki te hunga e arohaina ana mō ā rātou whanonga petipeti, te huna rānei i ngā kōrero: Te teka ki te whānau me ngā hoa, te huna rānei i a rātou i te whānau me ngā hoa mō ā rātou petipeti me te nui o te moni i ngaro i a rātou.
• Te whakawhirinaki ki ētahi atu hei putea mō ā rātou petipeti, hei utu rānei i ngā mate petipeti: Te nama moni mai i ētahi atu, te mōkete whenua, me te mahi i ngā mea pērā.
• Te haere tonu ki te petipeti ahakoa e mōhio ana kei te pā kino ki te āhua pūtea, ki te mahi, ki te mātauranga, ki ngā whanaungatanga whaiaro rānei: Kāore e taea te whakamutu i te petipeti, ahakoa e mōhio ana ka hinga ngā mea katoa.

Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi atu rānei o ēnei tohu, kua tae ki te wā ki te mahi.

He aha ngā pūtake o te waranga petipeti?

Kāore he take kotahi mō te waranga petipeti, mō tētahi atu waranga rānei. He āhuatanga tino uaua tēnei. Anei ētahi āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana ki te waranga petipeti:

• Ngā huringa matū i roto i te roro.
• Ngā awe ira.
• Ngā āhuatanga o te tangata me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e noho tahi ana.

Te matū o te roro

Ka pā te petipeti ki te pokapū utu o tō roro. Kua whakaritea tātou katoa ki te rapu utu. He maha ngā wā, ka puta mai ēnei utu i ngā whanonga hauora. Ina noho tahi koe me tētahi e arohaina ana e koe, ina kai rānei koe i tētahi kai reka, ka tukuna e tō tinana tētahi matū e kiia nei ko te dopamine . Ka pai tō wairua. He rite ki tētahi huringa: Ka rapu koe i aua wheako nā te mea ka whiwhi koe i ngā kare ā-roto pai.

Ahakoa kei te petipeti koe, ka taea e koe te whiwhi i te nuinga o tēnei 'Dopamine' e rere ana i roto i tō roro. Whakaarohia te harikoa e pā ana ki a koe ina whiwhi koe i te taonga nui! Heoi, i te kore e akiaki i a koe ki te mahi i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e koe hei oranga (pēnei i te kai, te mahi), ka taea e ēnei taumata 'Dopamine' teitei te pā kino ki ō whakaaro, ki ō kare ā-roto, me ō whanonga.

Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te hiahia kino ki te petipeti, kaua ki te pārekareka ki ngā mahi hauora. I roto i te wā, ka huri te petipeti i te matū o tō roro, ā, ka iti ake tō aro ki ōna pānga. Kātahi, me nui ake tō petipeti kia whiwhi ai koe i te ahuareka i whiwhi ai koe i mua. Ka kiia tēnei ko te manawanui .

Ngā awe ira

He mea noa te whāngai petipeti i roto i ngā whānau. Ko te tikanga tēnei he hononga ira pea tōna. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau mō ngā māhanga ōrite ko ngā āhuatanga ira, kaua ko ngā āhuatanga taiao (pērā i ngā wheako kino i te tamarikitanga), ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i te whāngai petipeti. Ko te tikanga tēnei mēnā kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e tēnei raruraru, tera pea ka tūpono koe.

Ngā āhuatanga o te tangata me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro

He maha ngā rangahau kua whakaatu ko ngā āhuatanga whaiaro, ngā whanonga rānei e whai ake nei he mea noa ake i waenga i te hunga e waranga ana ki te petipeti:

• Te whanonga ohorere: Te ia ki te mahi me te kore e whakaaro.
• Te rapu kare ā-roto: Ko te hiahia ki te mahi i ngā mea hou, whakahihiri.
• Te ātete ki te mahi i tētahi mea: He kare ā-roto kāore e taea te whakahaere.
• Te uaua ki te whakatau me te whakamahere.
• Te kore pumau o te kare ā-roto: Ka harikoa i tētahi wā, ka pouri i te wā e whai ake nei.

Hei tāpiritanga, ko te hunga e waranga ana ki te petipeti he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia rātou e ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro i te wā kotahi. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Te Mate Whakamahinga Matū (SUD), inā koaNgā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga waipiro ('Te Mate Whakamahi Waipiro').
• Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri.
• Ngā mate kare ā-roto, hei tauira , te pouri.
• Ngā Mate Manukanuka.
• Ngā Mate Tūāhua.

Tērā pea ka pāngia ētahi e ēnei āhuatanga i mua i te waranga ki te petipeti. Mō ētahi atu, ka pāngia pea ēnei āhuatanga i muri i te waranga ki te petipeti.

Me pēhea te mohio ki te waranga petipeti?

Hei whakatau mēnā he raruraru petipeti tāu, ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro , ki tētahi kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro rānei mō te waranga . I reira, ka pātai atu te tākuta ki a koe (me ō whānau pea) mō ō tauira petipeti.

Ka whakamahia e ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro ngā paearu mai i te Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) hei tātaritanga i te waranga petipeti. Hei whiwhi i tēnei tātaritanga, me pāngia koe e te iti rawa e whā ngā tohu o te waranga petipeti i roto i te tau kua hipa .

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te waranga petipeti?

Kāore anō kia whakaaetia e te U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tētahi rongoā motuhake hei rongoā i te waranga petipeti. Heoi anō, tera pea he āwhina ngā momo hinengaro rerekē .

Ko te whakaora hinengaro he huinga o ngā maimoatanga rerekē e āwhina ana i te tangata ki te tautuhi me te whakarerekē i ō rātou kare ā-roto, whakaaro, me ngā whanonga kino. Ka tupu tēnei me tētahi kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro whai raihana, whai mātauranga (pērā i tētahi tohunga hinengaro, i tētahi kaimahi hapori haumanu rānei).

Ka taea e te rongoā te āwhina i a koe ki:

• Whakahaerehia tō petipeti.
• Whakahaerehia te ahotea i roto i te huarahi hauora.
• Kimihia ētahi atu huarahi hei whakapau i tō wā.
• Whakahaerehia ō pūtea kia pai.
• Whakahou i ngā whanaungatanga ki ō hoa aroha.
• I muri i te whakaoranga, kia mau tonu taua āhua, ā, karohia ngā mea e whakaoho ana i te mamae.
• Mena kei a koe ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e pā ana ki tō whanonga petipeti, me whakatika anō hoki.

Anei ētahi maimoatanga motuhake hei āwhina i te waranga petipeti:

• Te Whakaora Hinengaro (CBT): He maimoatanga whai kiko, he hanganga hoki tēnei. Ka āwhina te kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro i a koe ki te tūhura i ō whakaaro me ō kare ā-roto. Ka ako koe me pēhea te pānga o ō whakaaro ki ō mahi. Mā te CBT, ka taea e koe te whakarerekē i ngā whakaaro me ngā whanonga kino, kāore hoki i te whakahaeretia, ā, ka whakawhanake i ngā tauira whakaaro me ngā tikanga hauora ake. Ko te CBT te wawaotanga hinengaro e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei rongoā i te waranga petipeti.
• Uiuitanga Whakahihiri: Mā tēnei rongoā koe e āwhina ki te tautuhi me te whakatika i ō ake āwangawanga mō te hanga huringa hauora. Mā tēnei tikanga, ka tātarihia e koe tō whanonga petipeti raruraru, ka whakataurite ki ngā tauira petipeti o te taupori whānui. Ka whakatenatenahia koe e tēnei ki te hanga huringa whanonga. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta me ētahi atu rongoā.
• Whakaora Hinengaro-ā-tinana: Ka tirohia e tēnei whakaora te awe o ngā tukanga kore mohio ki tō whanonga. Ko te whāinga he whakanui ake i tō mōhio ki a koe anō me te mārama ki te awe o ngā whanonga o mua ki tō whanonga o nāianei.
• Whakaora Rōpū: He momo whakaora hinengaro tēnei. I konei, ka huihui mai tētahi rōpū tāngata ki te matapaki i ō rātou raruraru i raro i te tirotiro a tētahi tohunga hauora hinengaro. Ka taea e te whakaora rōpū te noho hei puna whakahihiri me te tautoko kare ā-roto mō te hunga he raruraru petipeti, inā koa ko te hunga e noho motuhake ana i ngā hoa me te whānau nā tō rātou āhua.
• Whakaora Whānau: Ka taea e tēnei tikanga maimoatanga te āwhina i ō whanaunga mō te āhua me te waihanga i tētahi taiao kāinga pumau ake.

He rerekē te pānga o te petipeti ki te katoa. He rerekē anō hoki ngā momo petipeti. Nō reira, tera pea ka pai ake te mahi a ētahi maimoatanga mō ētahi tāngata i ētahi atu. Tērā pea ka roa te wā ki te kimi i te tikanga tika, i te kaiwhakaora rānei māu. Engari he mea nui kia whakamātau tonu.

Ka taea e au te ārai i te waranga petipeti?

Āe, he maha ngā mahi ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i te waranga petipeti:

• Āraia, whakawhāitihia rānei te whanonga petipeti: Āraia, whakawhāitihia rānei tō petipeti. Ko te tikanga tēnei kia tūpato koe ki te auau o tō petipeti, te roa o tō petipeti i ia wā, me te nui o te moni e pau ana i a koe ki te petipeti. Ki te whakaaro koe kei te tīmata te petipeti ki te whakahaere i tō oranga, me toro atu ki tētahi tākuta, ki tētahi kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro rānei i taua wā tonu.
• Kia mōhio ki tō hītori whānau: Mena he hītori whakamahi matū, he wāranga whanonga rānei tō tētahi o tō whānau, tera pea ka nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te wāranga petipeti. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā huarahi hei whakaiti i tō tūponotanga.
• Whakahaerehia te ahotea i runga i te hauora: Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te waranga i ngā wā ahotea me ngā huringa o te ao. I ēnei wā, he mea nui kia tahuri ki ngā tikanga hauora hei āwhina i a koe, pērā i te whakakorikori tinana, te whakaaroaro, te tīmata rānei i tētahi mahi whakangahau hou. Mena kei te raru koe ki te whakahaere i te ahotea, i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro rānei, tirohia he kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro .

He aha te matapae mō te waranga petipeti?

Ko te tirohanga mō te waranga petipeti, arā, te kaha ki te ora ake, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga:

• Te kaha o te mate.
• Ahakoa kei te rapu maimoatanga koe, kāore rānei.
• Ahakoa kei a koe ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro.

Engari, he iti iho i te 10% o te hunga e waranga ana ki te petipeti e rapu ana i te maimoatanga ngaio . He maha ngā tāngata e ngana ana ki te whakatau i tēnei mate. Kia maumahara, mā te rongoā me te kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro koe e āwhina ki te whakahaere i tēnei mate.

Ki te whakatauritea ki te taupori whānui, he nui ake te mōrearea o te hunga e waranga ana ki te petipeti ki te whakamomori . I roto i tētahi rangahau o te hunga e rapu maimoatanga ana, i kīia ko te 32% o rātou he whakaaro whakamomori, ā, ko te 17% kua ngana ki te whakamomori i te iti rawa i te kotahi.

Mena kei te whakaaro koe ki te whakamomori, tēnā kōrero tonu atu ki tētahi e whakawhirinaki ana koe, rapua rānei he tohutohu hauora. Ka taea hoki e koe te waea atu ki ngā nama āwhina hauora hinengaro o Sri Lanka (hei tauira, Sumitrayo 0112696666, National Institute of Mental Health 1926).

Mena he raruraru petipeti tāku, me pēhea taku āwhina i a au anō?

Haunga te rapu āwhina ngaio, anei ētahi mahi ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakahaere i tō waranga petipeti:

• Whakaarohia te whakauru atu ki tētahi rōpū tautoko pēnei i a Gamblers Anonymous (GA) . Kimihia mēnā he rōpū rite, he ratonga tautoko rānei kei Sri Lanka.
• Ki te hiahia nui koe ki te petipeti, me mahi i ētahi atu mahi hei whakangāwari i a koe. Pēnei i te pānui pukapuka, te whakarongo waiata, te whakakorikori tinana, te kōrero rānei ki tētahi hoa.
• Kia manawanui koe ina hiahia koe ki te petipeti. Ki te hoatu e koe he wā ki a koe anō, tera pea ka memeha haere te hiahia, ka ngoikore rānei.
• Kaua e noho mokemoke. Tonoa he āwhina mai i ō whanaunga pono. Kōrero ki a rātou mō ō raruraru.

Me pēhea taku āwhina i tētahi e waranga ana ki te petipeti?

He tino uaua, he tino taumaha hoki te kitenga he raruraru petipeti tō tetahi e arohaina ana e koe. Anei ētahi tohutohu hei āwhina i tō hoa aroha me koe anō hoki:

• Kōrero: Ko te tere o te whiwhi maimoatanga mō te tangata e raru ana ki te petipeti, ko te pai ake. Whakaaturia ō āwangawanga, ā, āwhina i a rātou ki te kimi maimoatanga i te wā e taea ai. Waea atu ki tētahi raina āwhina, tirohia he tākuta, he kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro hauora hinengaro rānei, me te kī atu rānei kia haere ki tētahi wāhi pēnei i a Gamblers Anonymous. Tukuna atu tō āwhina me tō tautoko me te kore whakahē.
• Whakaharatau i te Aroha:Ahakoa kāore koe e whakaae ki tāu e aroha nei, whakarongo pai ki tā rātou e kōrero nei. Mā te whakarongo nui atu ki a rātou, ka nui ake tō rātou whakaaro ki a koe hei tangata ka taea e rātou te whakawhirinaki.
• Kia manawanui: Kaua e tumanako ka ora te waranga o tō hoa aroha mā te kōrero kotahi, mā te mahi kotahi rānei. He mate uaua, he mate mau tonu te waranga petipeti. Kāore he rongoā tere hei whakakore i tēnei.
• Kia tiakina koe anō hoki: Ko ngā hoa me ngā whānau o te hunga e pāngia ana e te waranga petipeti he maha ngā wā ka pāngia e te ahotea, te pouri, te pōuri, me te mokemoke. He mea nui kia tiakina tō hauora hinengaro me te rapu āwhina mēnā kei te pāngia koe e ēnei tohu.

Hei whakamutunga, kia maumahara (Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga)

Tērā pea ka whakama koe ki te whakaae kei a koe tētahi raruraru petipeti, kei te whakaaro rānei koe ka taea e koe te whakatika i a koe anō. Engari kia maumahara, kāore he he o te whakaae kei a koe tētahi raruraru petipeti. Ko te tere o te whiwhi āwhina, ko te pai ake o tō āhua. Mēnā kei te āwangawanga koe mō ō whanonga petipeti, kōrero ki tō tākuta, ki tētahi kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro rānei. Kei konei rātou hei āwhina me te tautoko i a koe.

Kāore koe e hiahia ki te haere ko koe anake i tēnei haerenga. Inoi atu mō te āwhina, he mea whakamana.