Kei te mahi pōrangi tāu tamaiti? He mate whakahaere hihiri rānei? Me kōrero tāua mō tēnei!

Kei te whakaaro koe kei te mahi kino tonu tāu tamaiti, kāore e whai whakaaro ki ētahi atu? Ka riri ia i ētahi wā mō ngā mea iti? Ka raru rānei ia i te raruraru nui nā te mea kāore e taea e ia te whakamutu i ētahi whanonga kino? Hei mātua, he mea noa kia tino pouri koe, kia mataku pea, ina kite koe i ngā mea pēnei. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō ēnei momo whanonga, e kiia nei i roto i te reo hauora ko ngā "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri" ko ngā mate whakahaere hihiri rānei.

He aha ēnei mate whakahaere hihiri?

Ki te kī māmā noa iho, ko ngā "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri" he rōpū o ngā āhuatanga hinengaro me ngā āhuatanga whanonga e uaua ai te whakahaere i ngā hihiri, i ngā kare ā-roto rānei o te tangata, me ngā mahi e whai ake nei. He maha ngā wā ka pā kino ēnei whanonga ki a ia anō, ki ētahi atu rānei. I ētahi wā, ka pā kino anō hoki ēnei whanonga ki te ture.

Whakaarohia he pahūtanga ohorere o te riri e meinga ai koe kia hamama, kia whiua ngā mea, kia hiahia rānei koe ki te tango i tētahi mea nō tētahi atu. He torutoru noa iho ēnei tauira.

Ko ētahi o ēnei whanonga raruraru ko:

• Te riri ohorere, te nanakia me ngā mahi e haere tahi ana me taua riri.
• Te tautohetohe me te whawhai tonu ki ētahi atu.
• Te whakangaro i ngā taonga a ētahi atu me ngā taonga tūmatanui.
• Te whakakeke ki ngā kaumātua me ngā mana whakahaere, te kore e aro ki ā rātou tohutohu.
• Te tahae.
• Te takahi i ngā ture.

Ko ngā tohu o ēnei "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri" ka tīmata i te tamarikitanga , ā, i ētahi wā, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka mau tonu ēnei āhuatanga tae noa ki te pakeketanga.

He aha ngā momo matua o ngā mate whakahaere hihiri?

E ai ki te aratohu a te American Psychiatric Association (American Psychiatric Association) mō te whakarōpū i ngā mate hinengaro, te DSM-5, kua tautuhia ētahi momo matua o ngā "Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri". Me titiro tātou ki te aha ēnei.

1. Mate Whakahē Whakahē (ODD)

Ko te mea ka tupu i roto i tēnei , ka roa te tamaiti e kore e whakarongo ki ngā mana whakahaere (pērā i ngā mātua, ngā kaiako), ka tautohetohe tonu ki a rātou, ā, ka whanonga i roto i te huarahi e whakapataritari ana i a rātou. Tērā pea ka whakapataritari, ka whakararuraru hoki i ētahi atu. Engari ehara tēnei i te mea he take hiahia noa iho, engari he raruraru hohonu ake.

2. Te Mate Whanoke

He ahua kino ake tēnei āhua i te "ODD". I konei, ka haere tonu te tamaiti, te taiohi rānei ki te whanoke ki ētahi atu, ki te tukino i ngā kararehe, ki te teka, ki te tahae, ki te puku ki waho o te whare, me te takahi kino i ngā ture o te kura . Kāore rātou e whai whakaaro ki ngā tikanga pāpori, ki ngā tika rānei o ētahi atu.

3. Mate Pāhūtanga Ā-Wā Poto

He aha te mea ka tupu i roto i tēnei,He pahūtanga ohorere o te riri, kāore he take, he take iti rānei, he tino kaha, kāore e taea te whakahaere. Kātahi ka hamama, ka kanga, ka whiua ngā mea ki te whenua, ka whakaeke i ētahi atu. I muri i tēnei pahūtanga, tera pea ka nui te pouri. Engari i taua wā tonu, kāore he mana whakahaere mō rātou.

4. Te Kleptomania

He āhua rerekē tēnei. Ko te mea e tupu ana i konei , ka puta he hiahia nui, kāore e taea te whakahaere, ki te tahae i ngā mea kāore he uara, kāore hoki e hiahiatia ana e koe. E mōhio ana koe he hē te tahae, ā, ka mau koe. Engari kāore e taea e koe te whakahaere i taua hiahia me te tahae. Ka tino mārie koe i muri i te tahae, engari i mua i tērā ka nui te pēhanga me te manukanuka.

5. Pyromania

He āhuatanga tino onge tēnei. Ko te mea e tupu ana i roto i tēnei , he hiahia nui, kāore e taea te whakahaere, ki te tahu ahi āta. Ahakoa e mōhio ana rātou ka pā kino te tahu ahi, kāore e taea e rātou te whakahaere i taua hiahia me te tahu. He nui te āwangawanga me te manukanuka e pā ana ki a rātou i mua i te tahu ahi, me te nui o te harikoa me te whakamarie i muri i te tahu ahi. Kāore rātou e tahu ahi mō tētahi atu take (pēnei i te utu, te moni), engari nā tēnei hiahia.

He pēhea te noa o ēnei "Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri"?

He rerekē te horapa o ia o ēnei "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri" i roto i te hapori. Hei tauira, e ai ki ngā tatauranga i te Hononga o Amerika:

• Mate Whakahē Whakahē (ODD): Tata ki te 3.3% o ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi.
• Te Mate Whanoke: Tata ki te 4% o ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi.
• Mate Pāwera Ā-Wā Poto: Tata ki te 2.7% o te taupori whānui.
• Kleptomania: Tata ki te 0.6% o te taupori whānui.

Ko te Pyromania te mea iti rawa te kitea o ēnei. I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau e 3% noa iho o te hunga i roto i te whare herehere mō te tahu ahi i whakaatu i ngā tohu o te pyromania. Ka kitea anō hoki ngā āhuatanga rite i Sri Lanka, engari he uaua ki te kimi tatauranga tika.

He aha ngā tohu o te `(Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri)`?

Ahakoa he tohu motuhake tō ia "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri", ko te āhuatanga noa o ēnei katoa ko te ngoikore o te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā whanonga o te tangata. He maha ngā wā ka puta he raruraru mō ētahi atu, ka arahi rānei ki ngā raruraru ture.

He maha ngā wā, ka mōhio te hunga whai "Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri" he hē, he koretake hoki ā rātou whanonga. Engari kāore e taea e rātou te aukati. I mua i te whanonga hē o ēnei tāngata, ka nui te pēhanga me te manukanuka e puta ake ana i roto i a rātou. I muri i tā rātou mahi i taua whanonga koretake, ka nui te whakamarie me te herekoretanga e puta ana i a rātou.

Ara, ko te hunga whai "ICD" ka whakaputa i ō rātou riri, pouri, me te pōuri mā roto i ētahi atu. Ara, kei te "whakaputaina" e rātou ō rātou whanonga ki waho .He maha ngā wā ka ara ake ngā pakanga ki ētahi atu. He rerekē tēnei i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate manukanuka, i te mate hinengaro rānei, ina huna e te tangata tōna mamae me tōna ahotea.

Engari koinei te mea nui hei maumahara. He maha ngā tamariki, inā koa i ō rātou tau tōmua me te taiohitanga, ka ahua pūkeke, ka kore e whakarongo ki ngā pakeke. Ka mahi rātou i tēnei hei ako i ō rātou ake rohe me ngā rohe o ētahi atu. He mea noa tēnā. Engari i roto i ngā "Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri", he maha tonu ēnei whanonga, he kino, ā, ka roa te mau. Ā, he nui te pānga o ēnei whanonga ki ngā mahi o ia rā a te tamaiti, ki ngā akoranga, ki ngā whanaungatanga ki te whānau, me ngā whanaungatanga ki ngā hoa.

He aha ngā pūtake o ngā `(Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri)`?

Kei te ngana tonu ngā kairangahau ki te rapu i ngā tino take o ēnei "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri." Ki tā mātou e mōhio ana, he huinga pea o ngā āhuatanga.

• Ira Tangata : Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā mātua o ngā tamariki whai ODD ki te pāngia e ngā mate hinengaro. Waihoki, ko ngā mātua o ngā tamariki whai Conduct Disorder ka pāngia pea e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te schizophrenia , te mate aro koretake (ADHD), te mate whakamahi matū (SUD), te mate tuakiri kore pāpori (ASPD) rānei. E kī ana tēnei he hononga ira pea.
• Ngā āhuatanga taiao : Kua kitea e ngā rangahau ka taea e ngā āhuatanga taiao te whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o ēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā tamariki nō ngā whānau rawakore, ngā tamariki e tipu ake ana i roto i te taiao pāpori tutu, ngā tamariki kāore i whiwhi i te aro me te manaaki tika mai i ō rātou mātua i te wā tamarikitanga, ngā tamariki kua tukinotia, kua kite rānei i te tukino tinana, hinengaro rānei, me ngā tamariki he hoa ō rātou e hono ana ki te kino.
• Ngā take koiora : Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau he rerekē ngā huringa o ētahi mahi roro, o ngā taumata homoni rānei o te hunga whai ICD (hei tauira, te homoni cortisol).

Me pēhea te tautuhi i ngā `(Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri)`?

Ka tātaritatia ēnei āhuatanga e ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro, pērā i ngā tākuta hinengaro, ngā tohunga hinengaro rānei. Ka whakamahia e rātou ngā paearu i roto i te DSM-5. I te nuinga o te wā, me roa ngā tohu mō te 6 ki te 12 marama pea. Me whakararuraru nui, me whakararuraru rānei i te oranga o ia rā.

Ki te whakapae koe kei a koe, kei tāu tamaiti rānei ngā tohu o te "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri", me toro atu koe ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro rānei. Ka whakamahia e rātou ngā uiuinga me ngā tikanga aromatawai kua hangaia motuhake hei tātaritanga tika i ēnei āhuatanga hinengaro me ngā āhuatanga whanonga.

He maha ngā wā, ka kohia e ēnei tohunga ngā kōrero mai i te hunga e tata ana ki te tangata (pēnei i ngā mātua, ngā tuākana/teina, ngā hoa, ngā kaiako) kia mārama ai te katoa o ngā whanonga a te tangata.

Me pēhea te rongoā i ngā `(Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri)`?

Kāore anō kia whakaaetia he rongoā e te US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hei rongoā i ēnei "Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri". Nō reira, ko ngā maimoatanga matua he maha ngā momo rongoā me te hanga i ngā huringa e tika ana ki ngā huarahi e whakahaere ai ngā mātua i ā rātou tamariki.

Anei ētahi rautaki whai hua hei āwhina i ngā mātua ki te whakahaere i ēnei whanonga raruraru a ngā tamariki:

• Te whakaiti i ngā urupare pai ki ngā whanonga kāore i te tika (hei tauira, te hoatu ki te tamaiti te mea e hiahiatia ana e ia ina tangi ia).
• Te whakatenatena i ngā whanonga aroha me te manaaki (ngā whanonga pāpori) ki ētahi atu.
• Te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whiu kore-tukino.
• Te whakatau i ngā whakataunga pumau, e taea te matapae i te wā e whiu ana i ngā tamariki (kaua i tētahi ara i tēnei rā, i tētahi ara anō āpōpō).

Ko ētahi o ngā tikanga rongoā motuhake e āwhina ana i tēnei:

• Whakangungu Whakahaere Mātua (PMT) : Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakangungu i ngā mātua, i ngā kaitiaki rānei ki ngā tikanga hei āwhina i tā rātou tamaiti ki te whakapai ake i ā rātou whanonga me te ako i ngā pūkenga hou. Ko te whāinga o tēnei whakaora ko te whakarato i te whiu pumau me te whakarato urupare tika, pai hoki mō ngā whanonga pai o te tamaiti.
• Whakaora Pūnaha Maha (MST) : Ka whakamahia e tēnei whakaora ngā kaha o te whānau hei whakatenatena i te aro atu ki ngā āhuatanga pai. Ka mahi tahi te kaiwhakaora whai raihana me ngā mātua ki te whakapakari i ngā whanonga pai me te whakaiti i ngā whanonga kino. Ka āwhina hoki rātou i te whānau ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga kawenga me te whakaoti rapanga.
• Whakaora Hinengaro Whanoke (CBT) : He momo whakaora hinengaro hanganga, he whāinga te CBT. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngātahi me te whakangungu mātua. I roto i te CBT, ka āwhina te kaiwhakaora hinengaro i te tamaiti ki te tirotiro i ō rātou whakaaro me ō rātou kare ā-roto. Kātahi ka mārama te tamaiti ki te pānga o ō rātou whakaaro ki ā rātou mahi. Mā te CBT, ka taea e te tamaiti te whakarerekē i ngā tauira whakaaro me ngā whanonga kino, ā, ka ako i ngā tauira whakaaro me ngā whanonga hauora ake.

He aha te matapae mō ngā `(Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri)`?

Ka rerekē pea te tirohanga mō ēnei `(Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri)`, arā, te āhua o te mate, i runga i te mate me tōna kaha. Heoi, i te nuinga o te wā, ka noho ēnei `(Ngā Mate ICD)` hei mate mau tonu . Ā, ka pā nui ki te oranga o te tangata e pā ana me ō rātou whānau.

Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia te hunga whai ICD e ēnei āhuatanga ā muri ake nei:

• Te tahuritanga ki te whakamahi tarukino.
• Te pouri.
• Te mōrearea o te ngaronga o te mahi.
• Te uaua ki te pupuri i ngā whanaungatanga.

Heoi anō, ka taea e te wawaotanga whakaora kaha te āwhina nui ki te whakahaere i ēnei whanonga raruraru.

Ka taea te ārai i ngā "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri"?

Kāore pea ēnei āhuatanga e taea te ārai katoa. Heoi, mā te tātaritanga me te rongoā i te āhuatanga i te wā e taea ai , ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te ahotea me te uauatanga ka pā ki tāu tamaiti me tō whānau. Ehara i te mea koinā anake, engari ka taea hoki te āwhina ki te ārai i ētahi atu raruraru (pēnei i te whakararuraru mātauranga me ngā take ture) e pā ana ki ēnei "ICD".

He wero nui ki ngā mātua ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi e whanonga pukuriri ana, e takahi ana i ngā ture. Ahakoa he mea noa mō ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi te whanonga ohorere i ētahi wā, ki te whanonga tonu rātou, ā, i roto i te huarahi e whakararuraru ana i ētahi atu, tera pea he tohu o te "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri".

He mea tino nui kia tīmata wawe te maimoatanga mō ēnei '(Ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri)'. Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te rapu maimoatanga ko te tūtaki ki tō tākuta whānau, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro rānei, ka kōrero mō tēnei. Kaua e wehi ki te pātai i ngā pātai kei roto i tō hinengaro. Kei reira rātou hei āwhina i a koe.

Whakarāpopototanga me te Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga

Ko ngā "Mate Whakahaere Hihiri" kua kōrerohia nei e tātou he whanonga hihiri e kore e taea te whakahaere. Ehara i te mea he mahi noa iho ēnei nā te "tamaiti kino", engari he mate hohonu ake e hiahia ana ki te wawaotanga hauora.

Ko te mea nui ko te rapu awhina ngaio mēnā he āwangawanga nui āu mō te whanonga a tāu tamaiti, kaua e warewarehia. Ko te wawe o te tautuhi, ko te pai ake o ngā hua maimoatanga.

Kia maumahara:

• He mea noa ētahi o ngā whanonga e kitea ana i te tamarikitanga, engari i roto i ngā ICD, he auau, he kino, he roa hoki te mau o ēnei whanonga.
• Ka pāngia pea ēnei āhuatanga e ngā āhuatanga ira, taiao, me te koiora.
• He tino angitu ngā tikanga whakaora me ngā kaupapa whakangungu mātua hei maimoatanga.
• Kāore koe i te mokemoke. He maha atu anō ngā mātua e pāngia ana e ngā wero ōrite, ā, kei reira anō ngā tohunga hei āwhina i a koe.

Ki te whakapae koe he raruraru pēnei tā tō tamaiti, rapua he tohutohu hauora. Mā te wawaotanga wawe ka nui te whakamarie ki te tamaiti me te whānau katoa.

` Te whakahaere i te hiahia, ngā raruraru whanonga, te hauora hinengaro o te tamaiti, ODD, Te Mate Whanoke, te tohutohu mātua, te hinengaro hinengaro