Kei te whakaaro koe he maha ngā wā ka mahi ohorere tāu tamaiti, ka āhua kore rānei e aro ki ngā kare ā-roto o ētahi atu? Ka pahū rānei ia i ētahi wā i roto i te riri nui mō ngā take iti, ka kitea rānei ia e raru nui ana nā te mea kāore e taea e ia te whakamutu i ētahi whanonga kino? Hei mātua, he mea tino noa kia pōuri koe, kia mataku rānei i te kitenga i ēnei whanonga. I tēnei rā, i Nirogi Lanka , kei konei mātou ki te kōrero mō ēnei tauira, e mōhiotia ana i roto i te reo hauora ko ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri .
He aha ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri?
Ki te whakarapopototanga, ko ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri e pā ana ki tētahi rōpū āhuatanga hinengaro me ngā āhuatanga whanonga e kaha ai te tangata ki te ātete i ngā hiahia ohorere, i ngā kare ā-roto rānei, ka arahi ki ngā mahi uaua ki te whakahaere. He maha ngā wā ka hua ake he kino ki te tangata, ki ētahi atu rānei. I ētahi wā, ka arahi pea ēnei mahi ki ngā raruraru ture.
Whakaarohia ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kore e taea te whakahaere i te pahūtanga ohorere o te riri e arahina ana ki te hamama, ki te whiu taonga rānei, te hiahia nui rānei ki te tango i tetahi mea a tetahi atu. He tauira noa ēnei.
Ko ētahi o ngā whanonga raruraru ko:
- Ngā putanga ohorere, kino o te riri me ngā mahi e pā ana ki aua riri.
- Te tautohetohe me te whawhai pinepine ki ētahi atu.
- Te whakangaromanga o ngā taonga, o ngā taonga rānei a ētahi atu.
- Te whakakeke ki ngā mātua, ki ngā mana whakahaere rānei, me te kore e whakarongo ki ngā tohutohu.
- Te tahae (kleptomania).
- Te takahi tonu i ngā ture kua whakatūria.
Ko ngā tohu o ēnei Mate Whakahaere Hihiri (ICD) ka tīmata i te tamarikitanga , ā, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka roa pea tae noa ki te pakeketanga.
He aha ngā momo matua o ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri?
E ai ki te Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) a te American Psychiatric Association, he maha ngā momo matua o ngā Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri. Me tūhura ngātahi tātou.
1. Mate Whakahē Whakahē (ODD)
I tēnei āhua, ka whakaatu te tamaiti i tētahi tauira pumau (e maha ngā marama te roa) o te whakakeke ki ngā mana whakahaere (pērā i ngā mātua, i ngā kaiako rānei), te tautohetohe pinepine, me ngā whanonga i hangaia hei whakapataritari āta. Ahakoa ka taea e rātou te whakapataritari āta i ētahi atu, he mea nui kia mārama ehara tēnei i te "pakari noa iho," engari he take hinengaro uaua ake.
2. Te Mate Whanoke
He mate kino rawa atu tēnei i te ODD. I konei, ka whakaatu tonu te tamaiti, te taiohi rānei i te riri ki ētahi atu, te tukino i ngā kararehe, te tinihanga, te tahae, te oma atu i te kāinga, te takahi kino rānei i ngā ture o te kura. E whakaatu ana rātou i te kore whakaute nui ki ngā tikanga pāpori me ngā tika o ētahi atu.
3. Mate Pāhūtanga Ā-Wā Poto
Kei roto i tēnei mate ngā pahūtanga ohorere, auau hoki o te riri kāore e taea te whakahaere, he mea kāore i te ōrite ki te āhuatanga, he mea kāore rānei i te whakaohokia. Tērā pea ka puta mai tēnei i te hamama, i te kōrero kino, i te whiu taonga, i te whakaeke tinana rānei. He maha ngā wā, ka puta he whakaaro pouri hohonu i muri mai, engari i roto i te wā o te wā, ka tino kore e taea e te tangata te whakahaere i āna whanonga.
4. Te Kleptomania
He āhuatanga motuhake tēnei e puta ai te hiahia tonu o te tangata ki te tahae i ngā taonga kāore e hiahiatia ana, kāore hoki e whai hua ana. E mōhio ana rātou he hē te tahae, ā, he tūponotanga ka mauheretia rātou, engari he nui rawa te hiahia ki te mahi i runga i te hiahia. I mua i te mahi, ka pāngia rātou e te taumahatanga nui; i muri i te mahi, tera pea ka rongo rātou i te whakamarie mō te wā poto.
5. Pyromania
He āhuatanga onge engari he kino tēnei, e tohuhia ana e te hiahia āta hanga, kāore e taea te whakahaere ki te tahu ahi.Ahakoa e mārama ana rātou ki te tūponotanga o te mate, kāore e taea e rātou te ātete i te hihiri. Pērā i te kleptomania, ka puta te pikinga o te taumahatanga, te mamae rānei o te ngākau i mua i tēnei, ā, ka whai ake ko te ngākau harikoa i muri i te mura o te ahi. Ko te hihiri tonu te take o ēnei mahi, ehara i te mea nā ngā kaupapa o waho pērā i te rapu utu, te whiwhi moni rānei.
He pēhea te noa o ēnei Mate Whakahaere Hihiri?
He rerekē ngā auau auau mō ia mate. E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te Hononga o Amerika:
- Mate Whakahē Whakahē (ODD): Tata ki te 3.3% o ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi.
- Te Mate Whanoke: Tata ki te 4% o ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi.
- Mate Pāwera Ā-Wā Poto: Tata ki te 2.7% o te taupori whānui.
- Kleptomania: Tata ki te 0.6% o te taupori whānui.
Ko te Pyromania te mea tino iti te kitea i roto i ēnei. I roto i tētahi rangahau, e 3% noa iho o ngā tāngata i mauheretia mō te tahu whare e tutuki ana i ngā paearu katoa mō te Pyromania. Kei Sri Lanka anō hoki ēnei āhuatanga, ahakoa he uaua ki te ine i ngā tatauranga ā-rohe tika i tēnei wā.
He aha ngā tohu o ngā Mate Whakahaere Hihiri?
Ahakoa he tohu motuhake tō ia mate, ko te mea tino ōrite ko te ngoikore o te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā whanonga. He maha ngā wā ka arahi tēnei ki ngā pakanga i waenganui i te tangata me ngā pānga ture rānei.
He maha ngā wā ka mōhio te hunga whai ICD kāore i te tika ā rātou whanonga, engari kāore e taea e rātou te mutu. I mua i te mahi, he maha ngā wā ka whakaahuahia e rātou he pēhanga, he ahotea rānei kei roto, ā, ka whai ake ko te ahua o te whakamarie, te tukunga rānei mō te wā poto i muri i te otinga o te mahi ohorere.
Ara, ko te hunga whai ICD ka "whakaputaina ki waho" ō rātou riri ā-roto, ō rātou pouri, ō rātou pouri rānei. He rerekē tēnei i te manukanuka, i ngā mate hinengaro rānei, ina "whakaputaina" te mamae ā-roto, ā, ka puritia ki roto i a rātou anō.
Heoi, he mea nui kia maumahara: He mea noa mō te nuinga o ngā tamariki, inā koa i te wā tamarikitanga me te taiohitanga, te whakahē, te whakamātautau rānei i ngā rohe i a rātou e whakatere ana i tō rātou ao. He rerekē, ko te hunga whai Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri e whakaatu ana i ngā tauira whanonga e mau tonu ana, e kino ana, e mau tonu ana. Ka tino whakararuraru ēnei whanonga i ā rātou mahi o ia rā, i te ako, me ngā whanaungatanga ki te whānau me ngā hoa.
He aha ngā take o ngā mate whakahaere hihiri?
Kei te mahi tonu ngā kairangahau ki te mārama katoa ki ngā tino take o ēnei mate i Nirogi Lanka me te ao whānui. I tēnei wā, e kī ana ngā taunakitanga he hua ēnei o te hononga uaua o ētahi āhuatanga.
- Ngā Take Ira : Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā tamariki he Mate Whakahē Whakahē (ODD) ki te whai mātua he mate hinengaro. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā mātua o ngā tamariki he Mate Whakahaere ka pāngia e ngā wero pērā i te Schizophrenia, te Mate Aro-Kore/Mate Mahi-Nui (ADHD), te Mate Whakamahi Matū (SUD), te Mate Tūkino Tangata Pāpori rānei (ASPD). E tohu ana tēnei i tētahi hononga ira kaha.
- Ngā Āhuatanga Taiao: E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he mea nui te pānga o ngā āhuatanga taiao ki ēnei āhuatanga. Ko ngā tamariki e noho ana i roto i ngā whānau rawakore, ko te hunga i whakatipuria i roto i ngā taiao pāpori tutu, ko ngā tamariki kāore i arohia, i tiakina rānei e ngā mātua i ō rātou tau tīmatanga, ko te hunga kua pāngia, kua kite rānei i te tukino tinana, hinengaro rānei, ko te hunga rānei e pāngia ana e ngā awe kino a ō rātou hoa, ka nui ake te pāngia e ēnei āhuatanga.
- Ngā Take Koiora : E whakaatu ana ētahi rangahau ka whakaatu pea ngā tāngata whai Mate Whakahaere Hihiri (ICD) i ngā mahi roro rerekē, i ngā taumata homoni kore taurite rānei, pērā i te cortisol.
Me pēhea te tātaritanga o ngā mate whakahaere hihiri?
Ka tātaritatia ēnei āhuatanga e ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro, pērā i ngā tākuta hinengaro, ngā tohunga hinengaro rānei. Ka whakamahia e rātou ngā paearu haumanu kei roto i te DSM-5. I te nuinga o te wā, me mau tonu ngā tohu mō te 6 ki te 12 marama pea, ā, me whakararuraru nui, me whakararu rānei i tō oranga o ia rā.
Ki te whakapae koe kei te whakaatu koe, tāu tamaiti rānei i ngā tohu o te Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri, he mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro rānei. Ka whakamahia e rātou ngā uiuinga haumanu motuhake me ngā tikanga aromatawai hei tautuhi tika i ēnei āhuatanga hauora hinengaro me te whanonga.
He maha ngā wā ka kohia e ngā tohunga ngā kōrero mai i te hunga e tata ana ki a koe—pērā i ngā mātua, ngā tuākana, teina, ngā hoa, ngā kaiako rānei—hei hanga i tētahi tirohanga whānui mō ō whanonga.
Me pēhea te rongoā i ngā mate whakahaere hihiri?
I tēnei wā, kāore he rongoā motuhake kua whakaaetia e te FDA hei rongoā i ngā Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri. Nō reira, ko te arotahi matua o te maimoatanga he huinga o ngā wawaotanga whakaora me ngā rautaki whakahaere whanonga mō ngā mātua.
Ko ngā rautaki āwhina mā ngā mātua ki te whakahaere i ngā whanonga whakararuraru ko:
- Te whakaiti i te whakamana pai i ngā whanonga hē (hei tauira, te tuku i te tamaiti ina riri).
- Te whakatenatena i ngā whanonga pāpori pērā i te aroha me te manaaki i ētahi atu.
- Te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whiu kore-tukino.
- Te whakarite kia ōrite, kia taea te matapae i te whakahaere ture, kaua e tauhohe, e kore rānei e taupatupatu.
Ko ngā tikanga rongoā motuhake ko:
- Whakangungu Whakahaere Mātua (PMT) : Ka whakangungu tēnei i ngā mātua, i ngā kaitiaki rānei ki ngā tikanga hei whakapai ake i te whanonga a te tamaiti. Ko te whāinga he whakatū i te whiu pumau me te whakapakari tika i te whanonga pai.
- Te Whakaora Pūnaha Maha (MST) : Ka whakamahia e tēnei huarahi ngā kaha o te whānau hei aro atu ki ngā raruraru i runga i te pai. Ka mahi tahi te kaiwhakaora hinengaro whai raihana me ngā mātua ki te whakapakari i ngā whanonga pai, ki te whakaiti i ngā mahi kino, me te whakapai ake i te kawenga a te whānau me ngā pūkenga whakaoti rapanga.
- Whakaora Hinengaro Whanoke (CBT) : He rongoā hinengaro hanganga, he whāinga hoki te CBT. Ka whakamahia ki ngā tamariki, ā, he maha ngā wā ka honoa ki te PMT. Ka āwhina te kaiwhakaora hinengaro i te tamaiti ki te tātari i ō rātou whakaaro me ō rātou kare ā-roto kia mārama ai rātou ki te awe o aua whakaaro ki ā rātou mahi. Mā te CBT, ka taea e ngā tamariki te whakakapi i ngā tauira whakaaro me ngā whanonga kino ki ngā huarahi hauora ake.
He aha te matapae mō ngā mate whakahaere hihiri?
Ko te tirohanga mō ngā Mate Mana Whakahaere Hihiri e whakawhirinaki ana ki te āhua me tōna kaha. He maha ngā wā he mate mau tonu ēnei e pā nui ana ki te oranga o te tangata takitahi me ōna whanaunga.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he nui ake te mōrearea o te hunga whai ICD ki:
- Te whakamahi kino i ngā matū.
- Te pouri.
- Ngā wero mahi.
- Ngā uauatanga ki te pupuri i ngā whanaungatanga.
Heoi anō, he tino whai hua te wawaotanga whakaora kaha ki te whakahaere i ēnei whanonga uaua.
Ka taea te ārai i ngā mate whakahaere hihiri?
Ahakoa kāore pea ēnei āhuatanga e taea te ārai katoa, mā te tautuhi wawe me te maimoatanga ka taea te whakaiti i te taumahatanga ki tāu tamaiti me tō whānau. Hei tāpiri, mā te tautoko wawe ka āwhina i te ārai i ngā raruraru e pā ana pērā i te kore angitu i te mātauranga, i ngā take ture rānei.
He uaua te whakahaere i tētahi tamaiti, i tētahi taiohi rānei e whakaatu ana i ngā whanonga pukuriri, whakararuraru rānei. Ahakoa he wāhanga o te whanaketanga te whakakeke i ētahi wā, ko ngā whanonga maha e whakararuraru ana i ētahi atu he tohu pea nō te Mate Whakahaere Hihiri.
He mea nui te tīmata wawe i te maimoatanga. Ko te mahi tuatahi ko te kōrero ki tō tākuta whānau, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro rānei, hei matapaki i ō āwangawanga. Kaua e wehi ki te pātai; kei konei mātou o Nirogi Lanka hei tautoko i a koe.
Whakarāpopototanga me ngā Kaupapa Matua
Ko tā tātou i kōrero ai mō ngā 'Mate Whakahaere Hihiri' (ICD) e pā ana ki ngā tauira whanonga e tohuhia ana e te kore e taea te ātete i ngā hiahia. Ehara i te mea ko ngā take noa iho ēnei o te tamaiti e 'whanonga kino ana'; he āhuatanga hauora uaua e hiahia ana ki te wawaotanga haumanu ngaio.
Ko te mea nui hei ako māu ko tēnei: ki te mea he āwangawanga nui āu mō te whanonga a tāu tamaiti, kaua e warewarehia - rapua tonutia he āwhina ngaio. Mā te tātaritanga wawe me te wawaotanga ka pai ake ngā putanga mō te wā roa.
Kia maumahara:
- Ahakoa he mea noa ētahi raruraru whanonga pakeke, ētahi raruraru whanonga rānei i te tamarikitanga, ko ngā whanonga ICD he maha, he kino, he pumau hoki.
- Ka pāngia pea ēnei āhuatanga e te huinga o ngā āhuatanga ira, taiao, me te koiora.
- He tino whai hua ngā wawaotanga rongoā e ahu mai ana i ngā taunakitanga me ngā kaupapa whakangungu mātua motuhake.
- Kāore koe i te mokemoke. He maha ngā mātua e anga whakamua ana i ēnei wero, ā, kei reira ngā tohunga pono i Nirogi Lanka me tua atu e rite ana ki te tautoko i a koe.
Ki te whakapae koe kei te raru tāu tamaiti i ēnei raruraru, tēnā whakapā atu ki tētahi tohunga hauora. Mā te wawaotanga wawe ka marino te hinengaro mō tāu tamaiti me tō whānau katoa. Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi āhuatanga ohorere, tēnā waea atu ki te 911, ki ō ratonga ohorere ā-rohe rānei.
👩🏽⚕️ Ngā Pātai Auau (FAQs)
💬 He riri puku noa iho te Mate Whakahaere Hihiri (ICD)?
Ehara i te mea he riri puku noa iho. Ko te ICD e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga hinengaro kino e kore ai e taea e te tangata te ātete i te 'whakaohooho'—he hiahia ohorere, kaha ki te mahi i tētahi mahi ka kino pea ki a ia anō, ki ētahi atu rānei. He maha ngā wā, ka pāngia te tangata e te mamae, te pouri rānei i muri i te mahi i te mahi.
💬 He aha ngā momo hiahia e kore e taea te whakahaere i roto i ēnei āhuatanga?
He maha ngā huarahi e puta ai ngā ICD, tae atu ki te tahae tonu (Kleptomania), te hiahia nui ki te tahu ahi (Pyromania), ngā wā ohorere rānei o te tutu tinana kaha, kāore i te whakaohokia (Intermittent Explosive Disorder).
💬 He whai hua te whiu, he rongoā rānei kei te wātea?
Kāore te whiu e whakaora i ēnei mate; he maha ngā wā ka whakanui ake i a rātou. Me whiwhi ēnei tāngata i te tiaki hinengaro ngaio. Ko te paerewa tiaki ko te Whakaora Whanoke Hinengaro (CBT) hei āwhina i te whakarerekē i ngā whakaaro me ngā whanonga, ā, i roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, ko ngā rongoā kua tohua e te tākuta (pēnei i ngā rongoā ārai pouri) hei āwhina i te taurite i te neurochemistry.
Ngā Tohuwāhi: Te Whakahaere Hihiri, Ngā Take Whanoke, Te Hauora Hinengaro o te Tamaiti, ODD, Te Mate Whanoke, Te Tohutohu Mātua, Te Whakaora Hinengaro
