Kia ako tātou i ētahi atu kōrero mō ngā lipoproteins, he mea hanga mai i ngā ngako me ngā pūmua.

Kua whakaaro koe me pēhea te neke o te ngako i roto i ō tātou tinana (e kiia ana ko ngā ngako) mai i tētahi wāhi ki tētahi wāhi? He matūriki motuhake ngā lipoprotein e āwhina ana i tēnei. He rite ki ngā waka iti e kawe ana i ngā mea pēnei i te ngako me te cholesterol i roto i ō tātou tinana ki te wāhi e tika ana mā te toto. Ka haere rātou mā roto i ō tātou uaua toto. He tino pai ētahi lipoprotein mō ō tātou ngākau, engari ka taea e ētahi te whakararuraru. Nō reira, me kōrero tātou mō ēnei lipoprotein i roto i te huarahi māmā me te tika, pērā i ngā mea katoa.

He aha tonu te cholesterol me te triglycerides?

I mua i tā tātou kōrero mō ngā lipoproteins, me mārama tātou ki ēnei kupu e rua: te cholesterol me te triglycerides. He ngako ware pi ēnei e rua e kitea ana i roto i ō tātou toto. Engari he rerekē te āhua o te hanga me te whakamahinga a ō tātou tinana i a rātou.

• Korekore: I te nuinga o te wā, ka hangaia te korekore i roto i tō tātou ate. Ka whiwhi hoki tātou i te korekore mai i ētahi o ngā kai e kainga ana e tātou, inā koa ko ngā ngako kararehe, te mīti, te ika, me ngā hua miraka. Ehara i te mea he kino noa iho tēnei korekore mō ō tātou tinana. Ka āwhina tēnei korekore ki te hanga huaora D, me ngā homoni nui pēnei i te estrogen, te testosterone, me te cortisol . Ehara i te mea koinā anake, he mea nui hoki mō te hanga pūtau i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io.

• Triglycerides: Ka hangaia ēnei e tō tātou ate me ngā whekau i roto i tō tātou pūnaha nakunaku. Ina kai tātou i te nui o ngā kai momona, nui-kaiora, ka nui ake ngā triglycerides ka hangaia e ō tātou tinana. Ko ngā triglycerides tāpiri ka rongoatia ki roto i ō tātou pūtau ngako. Ā muri ake nei, ina hiahia te tinana ki te pūngao, ka tukuna ēnei triglycerides kua rongoatia ki roto i te toto.

Kua mārama pea koe ināianei he aha te cholesterol me te triglycerides me te hiranga o rāua ki ō tātou tinana. Heoi, ko te raruraru ina tino teitei rawa.

He aha ngā momo lipoproteins kei reira?

E rima ngā momo matua o ngā lipoprotein i roto i ō tātou tinana. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei momo.

• Lipoprotein kiato-teitei (HDL): Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te "cholesterol pai." Ka āwhina te HDL ki te kawe i te cholesterol nui mai i te tinana ki te ate, ki reira ka tukuna atu. Ka whakaitihia e te nui o te HDL te tūponotanga o te mate ngakau. He rite ki te hoa ki a tātou.

• Lipoprotein iti-kiato (LDL): Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te "cholesterol kino"Ko tōna ingoa. Mā te pikinga o ngā taumata LDL ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i ngā mate pēnei i te mate uaua o te ngakau, ngā whakaeke ngakau, me te whiu. Ka mau te LDL i te cholesterol ka whakatakotoria ki roto i ō tātou oko toto. Ina whakatakotoria pēnei, ka rite ki te paru i roto i te paipa, ka whakaiti i te wāhi i roto i ngā oko toto, ka aukati hoki i te rere o te toto. Ka kiia tēnei mate ko te atherosclerosis .

• Ngā lipoproteins tino iti te kiato (VLDL): Ko tētahi atu momo "cholesterol kino" tēnei. Ko te nuinga o te VLDL ka kawe i ngā triglycerides ki ō tātou kiko. Ka whai wāhi hoki ki te kawe i te cholesterol ki tētahi taumata.

• Ngā lipoproteins kiato-waenga (IDL): Ka hangaia ēnei i muri i te tangohanga o ētahi o ngā waikawa ngako o te VLDL. Kātahi ka tangohia ēnei IDL e te ate, ka hurihia rānei hei LDL.

• Kilomikorona: Koinei ngā matūriki lipoprotein nui rawa atu. Ka haria hoki e rātou ngā triglycerides.

Kei te kite koe, he rerekē ngā momo lipoprotein, ā, he rerekē ā rātou mahi.

He aha te lipoprotein (a) me te LP(a) rānei?

He mea motuhake tēnei. Ko te Lipoprotein (a) LP(a) rānei te momo LDL, te "cholesterol kino" i kōrerohia e tātou. Engari he mea motuhake tēnei. Ko tētahi atu pūmua e kiia nei ko te apolipoprotein (a) apo(a) rānei e takai ana i tēnei matūriki LDL. Mā tēnei apo(a) ka "piripiri" ake te matūriki LDL. Nō reira, ka taea e tēnei LP(a) te noho ngāwari ki roto i ngā oko toto, ka piki ake te mōrearea o ngā raruraru cardiovascular. Ko te nui o te LP(a) he take nui mō te whakawhanake i te atherosclerosis.

Ahakoa ka pāngia ētahi atu taumata HDL me LDL e tā tātou kai me te āhua noho, ko ō tātou taumata LP(a) ka whakatauhia e ō tātou ira. He teitei ngā taumata LP(a) o ētahi tāngata nā ngā whakarerekētanga ira. He nui ake te tūponotanga o ēnei tāngata ki te pāngia e te mate manawa i te wā taitamariki.

He aha te whakamātautau toto mō te Lipid Panel?

Tērā pea kua tono tō tākuta kia whai "kōtaha lipid" koe. Koinei te ingoa o tēnei whakamātautau toto lipid panel . Ka ine i te cholesterol katoa i roto i tō toto. Ka ine hoki i ngā taumata o te HDL, LDL, me ngā triglycerides, tae atu ki tō cholesterol katoa.

He whakamātautau toto tino māmā tēnei. E rima meneti te roa. Ka taea te mahi i te tari o tō tākuta, i te taiwhanga, i te hōhipera rānei. Mō ngā hua pai rawa atu, me nohopuku koe mō te 8 ki te 12 hāora i mua i te whakamātautau toto.Arā, kāore koe e kai, e inu rānei i tetahi mea. Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia mutu te tango i ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe mō tētahi wā. Nō reira, me whai tika koe i ngā tohutohu a te tākuta.

Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te lipoprotein (a) [LP(a)], ā, āhea hoki?

I te nuinga o te wā, kāore e tirohia te taumata LP(a) o te katoa. Mēnā ka tono motuhake mai tō tākuta, ka tirohia te taumata LP(a) me te paewhiri ngako.

He maha ngā wā ka tūtohutia tēnei whakamātautau mō te hunga he āhuatanga mōrearea tō rātou mō te mate ngakau. Kei roto i ēnei ko:

• Mena kua pāngia koe e ngā raruraru ngākau i mua.
• Mena kua pāngia tetahi o tō whānau, inā koa ko ngā whanaunga tuatahi (ngā mātua, ngā tuākana/teina), e te mate manawa i te wā taitamariki.
• Mena he tino teitei rawa tō taumata LDL.
• Mena kei a koe ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te hypercholesterolemia whānau , he āhuatanga ira e hua ai ngā taumata LDL teitei.

He aha te hiranga o tēnei whakamātautau toto lipid?

He maha ngā wā kāore he tohu e puta mai i te cholesterol tiketike, nō reira ko te whakamātautau toto tēnei te huarahi pai ki te tautuhi i ngā raruraru cholesterol e pā ana ki tō ngākau me ō oko toto.

Ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta tēnei whakamātautau toto lipid mō ngā mea pēnei i:

• Ngā Whakamātautau: Ka taea tēnei te mahi hei wāhanga o tō tirotiro hauora ā-tau. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te tautuhi mēnā kei te nui ake tō mōrearea ki te mate manawa. Kia mōhio koe kei te nui ake tō mōrearea, ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mahi hei ārai i ngā mate kino pēnei i te mate manawa me te whiu.
• Tātaritanga: Ka āwhina hoki tēnei whakamātautau toto cholesterol ki te tātaritanga i ngā mate pēnei i te atherosclerosis .
• Aroturukitanga: Ka āwhina ēnei hua whakamātautau i a koe ki te kite mēnā kei te kino haere ō taumata cholesterol, me whai maimoatanga, kei te pai rānei te urupare ki te maimoatanga.

Kia pēhea te auau o ēnei whakamātautau lipoprotein?

He mea noa te piki haere o ngā taumata lipoprotein me te cholesterol katoa i te pakeketanga. I te piki haere o tō mōrearea, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia auau ake ngā whakamātautau.

Ko ngā mea e whai ake nei e taunakitia ana mō ngā whakamātautau toto lipid:

• Mō ngā tāne neke atu i te 35 tau te pakeke, me ngā wāhine neke atu i te 45 tau te pakeke.
• Ko te atherosclerosis te mea tino noa i roto i ngā tāne i waenga i te 20 me te 35 tau te pakeke, me ngā wāhine i waenga i te 20 me te 45 tau te pakeke.
• Mō ngā tamariki, he pai ake te mahi i tēnei whakamātautau kotahi i waenga i te 9 me te 11 tau te pakeke, kātahi ka mahi anō i waenga i te 17 me te 21 tau te pakeke.

He aha ngā taumata hauora o ngā lipoproteins?

Ka inehia e ngā taiwhanga te cholesterol me ngā lipoproteins i roto i ngā mirikaramu ia teririta (mg/dL). Ka rerekē pea ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana e ia taiwhanga. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, ka rerekē pea ngā hua mai i te tauira toto kotahi i ia taiwhanga ki ia taiwhanga. Mēnā ka taea, ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te whakamahi i te taiwhanga kotahi hei aroturuki i ō taumata.

Ka rerekē ngā taumata hauora o te HDL, LDL, triglycerides, me te cholesterol katoa i runga i te tau me te ira tangata. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā taumata hauora mōu. I te nuinga o te wā, ki te kore he take mōrearea kē atu āu, ka kiia ēnei uara he hauora:

• Ko te cholesterol katoa: 100-199 mg/dL mō te hunga neke atu i te 21 tau te pakeke; 75-169 mg/dL mō te hunga 20 tau te pakeke, me raro iho rānei.
• HDL (kolesterol pai): 45 mg/dL, neke atu rānei. (He pai ake te 55 mg/dL, neke atu rānei, mō ngā wāhine, 45 mg/dL, neke atu rānei, mō ngā tāne)
• LDL (kolesterol kino): iti iho i te 100 mg/dL.
• Ngā Triglycerides: I raro i te 150 mg/dL.

Kāore e taea e te papa ngako te ine tika i ngā taumata VLDL, ā, kāore he whakamātautau motuhake mōna. Engari, ka whakatau tata ngā taiwhanga i ō taumata VLDL mā te wehewehe i ō triglycerides mā te rima. Me iti iho i te 30 mg/dL te taumata VLDL hauora. Heoi, kāore tēnei tikanga i te tika tonu mēnā he tino teitei ō triglycerides.

He aha te uara noa o te lipoprotein (a) [LP(a)]?

Ko ngā taumata LP(a) ka whakaaturia i roto i te mg/dL, i te nanomoles rānei ia rita (nmol/L). E kiia ana he teitei te uara neke atu i te 50 mg/dL, 75 nmol/L rānei, ā, ka piki ake te mōrearea o ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te atherosclerosis, te mate ngakau, me te whiu .

He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e piki ake ai te cholesterol kino (LDL)?

Ko ngā wāhine kua mutu te pāheketanga me ngā pakeke neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke te hunga e tino mōrearea ana ki ngā taumata LDL teitei. Heoi, ka pāngia pea ngā tamariki nohinohi e ngā raruraru cholesterol. I a koe e pakeke haere ana, ka puhoi haere tō pūnaha io, ā, ka iti ake te kaha o tō ate ki te tango i te cholesterol kino mai i tō tinana.

He pānga anō tō te iwi me te iwi taketake. He nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga Āhia-Amerika ki te whai taumata LDL teitei, engari he nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga mā ki te whai taumata cholesterol katoa teitei.

Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga mōrearea ka piki ake ngā taumata LDL ko:

• He kai e nui ana te kaora, te ngako kukū, me te cholesterol. (Me whakaaro anō hoki tātou ki ngā kai momona, parai e kainga ana e tātou.)
• Ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate huka me te mate tākihi.
• He hītori whānau mō te cholesterol tiketike.
• Te nui rawa o te inu waipiro me te momi hikareti.
• Ngā rongoā pēnei i te corticosteroids me ētahi rongoā mō te toto toto tiketike me te HIV/AIDS.
• Taumaha rawa (Momona).

Me pēhea te rongoā i ngā taumata LDL teitei?

Ko te hunga he nui ngā taumata LDL, e nui ake ai te mōrearea ki te mate manawa me te whiu, me tango rongoā whakaheke cholesterol pērā i ngā statin, ezetimibe, me ngā aukati PCSK9 . Ka taea hoki e koe te whakapai ake i ēnei taumata mā te huri i tō kai me tō momo noho.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakapai ake i ngā taumata lipoprotein?

Ka taea e koe te whakaiti i tō cholesterol kino (LDL) me te whakanui ake i tō cholesterol pai (HDL) mā te hanga i ētahi huringa ki tō kai me tō momo noho. Ka āwhina ēnei mahi:

• Kia kaha te tinana mō te 150 meneti pea i te wiki (arā, tata ki te 30 meneti i te rā). He pai tonu te hikoi poto, te whakakori tinana rānei.
• Kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau. Arā, kai i ngā kai he iti ngā ngako kino, he huka māmā (warowaihā), ā, he nui hoki te muka.
• Whakahaerehia te toto toto tiketike me te mate huka.
• Moe pai.
• Kia mau tonu tō taumaha hauora. Mena he taumaha rawa koe, mā te whakaheke i te 5% ki te 10% o tō taumaha tinana ka pai ake te taumata o te cholesterol.
• Kimihia ngā huarahi hauora hei whakahaere i te ahotea.
• Whakaitihia te inu waipiro.
• Tonoa he āwhina hei whakamutu i te kai paipa (ka whakanui te nikotīni i ngā taumata LDL, ka whakaheke hoki i ngā taumata HDL).

Karere hei kawe ki te kāinga:

Āe, kua kōrerohia e tātou he maha ngā lipoproteins i tēnei rā, kāore? Hei whakarāpopototanga, anei ngā mea matua hei maumahara:

• He rite ngā lipoproteins ki ngā waka e kawe ana i te ngako me te cholesterol i roto i ō tātou tinana.
• Ko te HDL he "cholesterol pai," e āwhina ana ki te tango i te cholesterol taikaha mai i te tinana.
• Ko te LDL he "cholesterol kino." Ki te piki ake, ka taea te kohikohi i roto i ngā oko toto, ā, ka pāngia ai te ngākau e te mate.
• Ko te LP(a) tētahi atu momo o te cholesterol kino "piri", e whakanui ana hoki i te mōrearea o te mate ngakau.
• Ka pā nui ngā āhuatanga pēnei i tō momo noho, tō kai, me tō whakakori tinana ki ō taumata lipoprotein.
• I ētahi wā, ka hiahiatia pea ngā rongoā (pēnei i ngā "Statins") hei whakaheke i ngā taumata LDL me LP(a) me te whakanui ake i ngā taumata HDL.
• Ko te mea nui ko te whakamātau i ngā whakamātautau toto i ia wā kia mōhio ai koe ki ō taumata me te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.

Ko tāku tumanako ka āwhina ēnei mōhiohio i a koe ki te pupuri i te hauora o tō ngākau!

` ngā lipoprotein, te cholesterol, ngā triglycerides, te HDL, te LDL, te VLDL, te mate manawa, te papa lipid, te atherosclerosis, te LP(a), te cholesterol