Kia ako tātou mō ngā Mate Pūmanawa Io i roto i tētahi huarahi māmā.

Kei te ahua koe i ētahi wā kāore he kaha, he uaua ki te hiki i te ringa, i te waewae rānei, ka ngoikore rānei ō peka ina hikoi koe, ā, ka ngoikore haere ō uaua? Ehara ēnei i te mea noa iho. Tērā pea kei muri i ēnei tohu ko ngā mate io me ngā mate uaua e kōrerohia ana e tātou i tēnei rā, arā, he mate e kiia nei ko te "Neuromuscular Disorders". Kaua e manukanuka, kāore he mea e wehi ai i muri i te rongonga i tēnei. Me kōrero mārama, me te ngāwari hoki ngā mea katoa.

He aha ngā Mate Pūnaha Uaua?

He kupu ngāwari tēnei, he rōpū mate e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga o tō tātou pūnaha io, inā koa ko ngā io taha ( ngā io e puta ana i te roro me te taurakira), ngā uaua, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero rānei i waenganui i ngā mea e rua. Whakaarohia, ka puta ngā nekehanga o tō tātou tinana ina haere ngā karere mai i te roro mā roto i ngā io hei whakahohe i ngā uaua. Mena he hapa kei roto i taua tukanga, ka puta pea ēnei mate.

Ko ēnei āhuatanga ka puta ai te ngoikore o te uaua , te ngenge, te memeha rānei o te uaua (te memeha o te uaua) , me ngā panoni o te kare ā-roto (pēnei i te māuiui, te ngau rānei). Heoi anō, ka puta pea ētahi atu tohu, i runga i te momo mate.

He aha ēnei mate? He aha ngā pānga ki ō tātou tinana?

Ehara ngā mate io-uaua i te mate kotahi. He rōpū mate ēnei, ā, he maha ngā āhuatanga kei roto i ia rōpū. Ka pā pea ēnei ki ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei o tō tātou pūnaha io-uaua:

• Ngā pūtau haona o mua o te taurakira
• Ngā pakiaka io (tae atu ki te ganglia pakiaka dorsal)
• Ngā whatunga io `(Plexuses)` (hei tauira `(brachial plexus)` - e pā ana ki te pakihiwi, `(lumbosacral plexus)` - e pā ana ki te kaki)
• Ngā io ā-taha
• Hononga io-uaua
• Ngā muka uaua

Nā, kia tirohia ngā mate e pā ana ki ia o ēnei wāhanga me ētahi atu taipitopito.

Ngā mate e pā ana ki ngā pūtau io nekeneke (ngā pūtau haona o mua) o te taurakira

He maha ngā mate e ahu whakamua ana ēnei e whakangaro ana i ngā io nekeneke . Ko ngā io nekeneke he momo pūtau i roto i tō tātou roro me te taurakira e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te neke, pērā i te hikoi, te kōrero, me te manawa. Ka haria e ēnei pūtau ngā karere mai i te roro ki ngā uaua.

Ina koa, ko ngā "pūtau haona o mua" he pūtau io nekeneke i roto i te mea hina o te taurakira. He mea nui rātou mō te nekehanga o ō tātou uaua angaiwi. Ina whakangaromia ēnei pūtau, ka ngaro te pūtake io o ngā uaua (denervation) ka ngoikore.

Ko ngā mate matua o tēnei kāwai ko:

• Te ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - ALS) te mate a Lou Gehrig rānei
• Te ngoikore o te uaua o te tuaiwi (SMA)
• Te ngoikore o te uaua o te tuaiwi-puru (SBMA) te mate rānei a Kennedy
• Polio

Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te plexus (Plexopathies)

Ka honoa ngā io e puta mai ana i tō tātou taurakira i ngā taumata rerekē hei hanga i tētahi whatunga matatini, arā, he plexus . Kei ō tātou ringa o runga te plexus brachial, me te plexus lumbar, te plexus lumbosacral rānei, kei ō tātou ringa o raro, kei roto i tō tātou kaki.

Ka pakaru, ka pēhia, ka mumura rānei ēnei muka io , ka mamae, ka ngoikore, ka māuiui, ka ngenge, ka ngoikore hoki te ringa, te waewae rānei e pāngia ana.

Ngā mate e pā ana ki ngā pakiaka io

He peka poto ngā pakiaka io o te io tuaiwi. Ka puta mai ngā io tuaiwi i ngā tuaiwi (wheua) i te taha o tō tātou taura tuaiwi. He pakiaka io nekeneke me he pakiaka io tairongo kei ia io tuaiwi. Ko ngā pakiaka io nekeneke te wāhi e haere ai ngā karere mai i te roro me te taura tuaiwi ki ngā uaua mā roto i ngā io taha.

Ina pēhia ēnei pakiaka io e ngā kiko e karapoti ana, ka pā te mamae me te korekore ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana. Ka kiia tēnei ko te 'radiculopathy' . Ina pēhia ngā pakiaka io nekeneke, ka ngoikore ngā uaua.

He momo radiculopathy kei runga i te wāhi e pēhia ana te io tuaiwi:

• Te radiculopathy o te kaki
• Mai i waenganui ki te taha whakarunga o te uma (`(thoracic radiculopathy)`)
• Te radiculopathy lumbar, lumbosacral rānei (e pā ana ki te kaki me te tuara o raro)

Ngā mate e pā ana ki ngā io peripheral

Ko te neuropathy ā-pūmau he kupu whānui mō ngā mate katoa e pā ana ki ngā io i waho o te roro me te taurakira (ngā io ā-pūmau). He maha ngā momo me ngā take o tēnei. Mēnā kāore ngā io ā-pūmau e mahi tika ana, kāore e taea e tātou te neke i ō tātou uaua. Koia te take i uru atu ai ēnei mate ki te rōpū nui o ngā mate io-uaua.

Ka pāngia pea ētahi wāhanga o te tinana e ngā mate pukupuku peripheral, ka pāngia rānei te tinana katoa. Ko te momo mate pukupuku peripheral tino noa ko te mea e pā ana ki ngā ringaringa me ngā waewae, inā koa ngā pito o ngā maihao. Hei tauira, ko ētahi tāngata mate huka he ngoikore te kapu o ō rātou waewae, me te mea kāore e taea te rongo i te whenua. He tauira tēnā o tēnei.

Anei ētahi tauira:

• Te kino o ngā io i puta mai i te mate huka
• Nā te nui rawa o te inu waipiro (Alcohol use disorder)
• Te kore kai
• He āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te 'Amyloidosis'
• Ngā take ira, ngā take tuku iho rānei (hei tauira, te mate Charcot-Marie-Tooth)
• Ngā take ā-tinana, mumura rānei (hei tauira, `(Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy - CIDP)`, `(Guillain-Barré syndrome)`)
• Te pānga ki ngā matū paitini (hei tauira, ngā matū paitini pēnei i ngā wai horoi, ngā patu pepeke)

Ngā mate hononga neuromuscular

Ko te hononga io-uaua (NMJ) te hononga (synapse) i waenganui i te pito o te io nekeneke me te uaua. Hei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki te uaua, ka tukuna e ngā io nekeneke he matū e kiia nei ko te acetylcholine mā roto i tēnei hononga. Mena he hapa kei roto i tēnei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ka puta ngā mate e pā ana ki te hononga io-uaua.

Ko ngā mate matua e pāngia ana e tēnei hononga ko:

• `Botulism` (he āhuatanga ka puta mai i te paihana kai)
• Te mate pukupuku Lambert-Eaton (LEMS)
• `Maistenia Gravis`

Ngā mate uaua (Myopathies)

Ko ngā myopathies he mate e pā tika ana ki ō tātou uaua angaiwi (ngā uaua e piri ana ki ō tātou wheua). Ka pakaru ēnei mate i ngā muka uaua, ka ngoikore hoki ngā uaua. He maha ngā momo myopathies. Ko ētahi he whānautanga (he ira, he tuku iho rānei). Ka taea e ētahi te whanake i muri mai i te ao.

Heoi, ko ngā whara tika pēnei i te haehae, te kukume, te whāwhā rānei o te uaua, kāore e taka ki tēnei wāhanga o ngā "myopathies".

Te Matepukupuku Uaua

Ko te mate ngoikore o te uaua he rōpū o ngā mate neke atu i te toru tekau e pāngia ana te mahi a te uaua nā ngā take ira (tuku iho). Ko ētahi o ngā momo matua ko:

• Te mate pukupuku uaua o Duchenne (DMD) - Koinei te momo tino noa.
• "Te mate pukupuku uaua o Becker (BMD)"
• 'Te mate pukupuku myotonic'
• ``Te ngoikore o te uaua o te kanohi (OPMD)`'

Ngā Myopathies Autoimmune me te Inflammatory

Koinei ngā mate e whakararuraru ana i te mahi a te uaua nā ngā hapa o tō tātou ake pūnaha ārai mate. Hei tauira:

• Te mate kiri
• Te mate pūkahukahu
• ``Te myopathy necrotizing e pāngia ana e te ārai mate''

Ētahi atu Myopathies

Ka puta pea ngā mate uaua mō ētahi atu take:

• Ngā taurite kore o ngā irahiko hiko : Hei tauira, ka raru pea ngā uaua i te nui o te konupūmā i roto i te toto (hypercalcemia) me te nui o te pāhare pāporo i roto i te toto (hyperkalemia).
• Ngā mate pūkahukahu endocrine : Ngā kore taurite o ngā homoni e whakararuraru ana i te mahi a te uaua. Hei tauira,Ka puta pea ēnei i ngā raruraru o te repe tairoiti, ngā repe parathyroid , ngā repe adrenal rānei.
• Ngā mate pūkahukahu pākia : Ka puta mai ēnei i ngā hapa o ngā ira e whakahau ana i ngā uaua ki te whakaputa whākōkī. Hei tauira: ngā mate rokiroki glycogen, ngā mate rokiroki lipid.
• Ngā myopathies mitochondrial : Ka puta mai ēnei i ngā hapa o te mitochondria, arā, ngā wāhanga whakaputa pūngao o ngā pūtau.
• Pararutiki ā-wā : He rōpū mate io tuku iho tēnei. I roto i tēnei, ka ngoikore ngā uaua i ia wā, ā, kāore e taea te kōpiri.
• Ngā myopathies paitini: Ka puta mai ēnei i te paitini, i te rongoā rānei e whakararuraru ana i te hanganga, i te mahi rānei o ngā uaua.

He aha ngā mate io me ngā mate uaua e tino kitea ana?

Ina hoki, ko te neuropathy peripheral te mea tino noa o ēnei mate. Nā te mea he maha ngā momo me ngā take. E ai ki ngā kairangahau neke atu i te 20 miriona tāngata i te Hononga o Amerika he momo neuropathy peripheral tō rātou.

Engari he tokomaha te hunga kāore e whakaaro ana ki ngā `(peripheral neuropathies)` he `(neuromuscular disorders)`, nā te mea he wāhanga motuhake tō rātou. Heoi, ko ngā `(neuromuscular diseases)` kua rongohia e tātou katoa, engari he onge, ko `(ALS) ` me `Muscular Dystrophy` .

He aha ngā tohu noa o ēnei mate?

Ka rerekē pea ngā tohu o ngā mate io-uaua, i runga i te momo mate. Heoi, ko ngā tohu noa e pā ana ki ngā uaua ko:

• ngoikore o te uaua (he uaua ki te hiki i te ringa, i te waewae rānei, te kore e taea te hiki i ngā mea taumaha)
• Te memeha haere o te uaua ( te ngoikore me te memeha haere o te uaua)
• Te wiri o te uaua (fasciculations), te kikī, te spasms rānei
• Mamae uaua
• Te pakari o te uaua (Te koretake o te uaua)
• Te uaua ki te hikoi
• Ngā raruraru taurite me te taunga
• Ngā kamo e takoto kau ana, ētahi atu wāhanga rānei o te mata
• Te uaua ki te kōrero (dysarthria) nā te ngoikore o ngā uaua o te arero, o te waha/kanohi rānei
• Te uaua ki te horomi (dysphagia) nā te ngoikore o ngā uaua o te korokoro
• Te uaua ki te manawa nā te ngoikore o te uaua diaphragm

Ko ētahi atu tohu pea ko:

• Ngenge
• te ngoikore
• Ngā kare ā-roto rerekē pērā i te hikoi a ngā pōpokorua, te wiri rānei (paresthesia)

He mea nui: Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohumate karapīpiti, ina koa ka puta ohorere, ka āta haere rānei te ngoikore o te uaua, me toro atu ki te tākuta.

He aha i puta ai ēnei mate? He aha ngā take?

He maha ngā take o ngā mate io-uaua. Heoi, ko ētahi he ira . Ko te tikanga, ka puta mai i ngā ira i tukuna mai i ngā mātua, i tētahi huringa matapōkere rānei o tētahi ira (whakarerekētanga ira). Ka puta mai ēnei mate i tētahi hapa o tētahi ira kotahi, i ētahi hapa rānei o ētahi ira.

Ko ētahi mate io-uaua he mate pūnaha ārai mate . Ko te tikanga tēnei ka whakaekea e tō tātou ake pūnaha ārai mate ō tātou ake pūtau. Ko ētahi atu ka puta mai i tētahi aituā, i te korenga o te kai, i te mate pāwera o te pūnaha io, i te pānga ki tētahi paitini, i te mumura rānei. I ētahi wā, kāore e kitea he take.

Me pēhea te tautuhi a te tākuta i ēnei mate?

Ina kite koe i tētahi tākuta, ka pātai atu ia ki a koe mō tō hītori hauora, mēnā kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e tēnei mate, he aha ngā rongoā e tangohia ana e koe, me ngā tohumate kei a koe. Kātahi ka whakahaerehia e rātou he whakamātautau tinana whānui me te whakamātautau io . Ka taea e tēnei whakamātautau te rapu i ngā raruraru o te roro, te taurakira, me te pūnaha io taha (tae atu ki ngā uaua).

Tērā pea ka tukuna koe ki tētahi tākuta roro mō ētahi atu whakamātautau. Ko ētahi atu whakamātautau hei āwhina i te whakaū i ēnei āhuatanga ko:

• Electromyography (EMG) : Mā tēnei ka whakamātautau i te hauora me te mahi a ō uaua angaiwi me ngā io e whakahaere ana i aua uaua.
• Whakamātautau kawe io : Ka whakamātauhia e tēnei te mahi a ō io ā-taha.
• Ngā whakamātautau toto : Ka taea e ēnei te tirotiro mō ngā mea maha, pērā i ngā rerekētanga o te whākōkī me ngā tohu o ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate.
• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua : Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau pēnei i te MRI , te CT scan , me te ultrasound neuromuscular te "kite" mēnā he raruraru kei te roro, te taurakira, me/ngā io rānei.
• Kohikohi uaua: I roto i tēnei whakamātautau , ka tangohia he tauira iti o tō uaua, ā, ka tirotirohia e te tohunga mate i raro i te karuārai hei tirotiro mēnā he āhuatanga rerekē kei roto.
• Whakamātautau ira : Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te whakaū i ētahi mate io-uaua ira.

He aha ngā rongoā mō ēnei mate?

He rerekē rawa ngā maimoatanga mō ngā mate uaua-io i runga i te momo mate. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore e taea te whakaora katoa i te nuinga o ngā mate uaua-io. Heoi anō, kei reira ngā maimoatanga me ngā rongoā hei āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā tohu, te aukati i te haere whakamua o te mate, te whakaroa rānei i tōna haere whakamua. Kei roto pea i tō mahere maimoatanga:

• Ngā rongoā
• Te whakaora tinana me te whakaora mahi
• Te whakaora kōrero
• Te rongoā kai
• Ngā taputapu āwhina hei whakahaere i te nekehanga
• Ētahi atu tikanga hauora, tae atu ki ngā pokanga

He maha ngā wā, ko te taote roro (ina koa he tohunga uaua-io) te taote matua mō ēnei āhuatanga. Heoi, i runga i te momo āhuatanga, ka hiahia pea koe ki te āwhina mai i ētahi atu tohunga me ngā kaiwhakarato hauora. Kei roto i ēnei ko:

• Ngā kaiwhakaora tinana me ngā kaiwhakaora mahi
• Ngā tohunga rumatika
• Ngā tohunga manawa me ngā kaiwhakaora manawa
• Ngā tohunga mate
• Ngā taote pokanga
• Ngā tohunga wheua
• Ngā tohunga mate kōrero-reo
• Ngā tohunga kai
• Ngā tohunga hinengaro
• Ngā kaimahi hapori

He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako atu i a koe e noho tahi ana me tēnei momo mate?

He roa te wā e pāngia ai ngā uaua me ngā io. Ko te tikanga ka roa pea ēnei mate mō te wā katoa. Ahakoa kāore he rongoā, ka taea e ngā rongoā me ētahi atu maimoatanga te āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu, te aukati i te haere whakamua o te mate, te whakaroa rānei i tōna tere. Ka taea e tō tākuta te hoatu he whakaaro pai ake mō ngā mea ka tumanakohia, i runga i tō āhua.

Ko ngā mate io-uaua he wāhanga whānui o ngā āhuatanga e pā nui ana ki te mahi a ngā io me ngā uaua o waho. Mēnā ka pāngia koe e te ngoikore o te uaua ohorere, kāore rānei i te mārama, kōrero ki te tākuta. Ka taea e ia te arotake i ō tohu me te taunaki i ngā whakamātautau hei whakatau i te take.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te mea tino nui (Karere hei tango i te kāinga)

Kaua e wehi ki te rongo i te ingoa Neuromuscular Disorders. He maha o ēnei āhuatanga ka taea te whakahaere mā te kimi wawe, te maimoatanga tika, me te whakahaere. Ko te mea nui, ki te mea he tohu rerekē āu (ina koa te ngoikore o te uaua, te ngoikore o te ngākau, te uaua ki te hikoi),Kaua e warewarehia rātou, me rapu tohutohu hauora tonu.

Kia maumahara, kāore koe i te mokemoke. He maha ngā tākuta, ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro, me ngā rōpū tautoko hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i ēnei āhuatanga. Ko te whiwhi i ngā mōhiotanga tika me te mahi wawe i ngā mahi te huarahi pai ki te oranga hauora.

Ngā mate io, ngā mate uaua, ngā mate io, te ALS, te mate pukupuku uaua, te Neuropathy Peripheral, te Myasthenia Gravis