Kua whakaaro koe he aha te mea ka pā ki taua kai reka i muri i tō ngau tuatahi? Ka memeha noa atu ki roto i tō puku? Kāore rawa! He tukanga tino matatau, tino uaua hoki tā tō tinana hei huri i taua kai hei pūngao me ngā matūkai e hiahiatia ana e koe kia ora ai koe. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou ko tō Pūnaha Nakunaku — whakaarohia he wheketere tukatuka hou kei roto i a koe, e whakahaerehia ana e Nirogi Lanka.
He aha rawa te Pūnaha Nakunaku?
Ki te kī māmā noa, ko te pūnaha nakunaku te tipu tukatuka koiora e wawahi ana i te kai me te inu e kainga ana e koe kia iti rawa. Ka tangohia e ia te wahie (pūngao) me ngā matūkai e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana kia ora ai, kia mahi ai hoki. Whakaarohia ngā mea katoa e mahia ana e koe—te oma, te pekepeke, te whakaaro, te pānui pukapuka rānei—me whai pūngao koe mō ēnei mea katoa. I ahu mai taua pūngao i te kai e kainga ana e koe.
I te tukanga pakaru, ka tangohia e te tinana etahi waahanga nui:
- Ka wahia ngā pūmua mai i te mīti, te ika, te hua manu, me te pīni rēneti hei waikawa amino , koinei ngā poraka hanga e whakamahia ana hei hanga me te whakatika i ngā pūtau o tō tinana.
- Ka hurihia ngā māngaro o te raihi, te taro, me te rīwai hei huka māmā (pērā i te kūhuka), e whakarato ana i te pūngao tuku tere ki tō tinana.
- Ka pakaruhia ngā ngako mai i ngā hinu, te pata, me ngā ika momona kingā waikawa ngako me te glycerol. He mea nui ēnei mō te rokiroki pūngao, te hanganga o te pakitara pūtau, me te āwhina i a koe ki te mimiti i ētahi huaora.
Ko te tikanga, he rite te mahi a tēnei tukanga katoa ki tētahi raina huihuinga hangarau matatau: ka tangohia he wahi kai katoa, ka wahia kia iti rawa ngā wāhanga, ka hauhake i ngā matūkai, ā, ka maka haumaru i ngā para.
E mōhio ana koe ki ngā wāhanga matua o tō pūnaha nakunaku?
E rua ngā wāhanga matua o tō wheketere nakunaku whakamiharo:
1. Te Awa Kai: Whakaarohia tēnei hei paipa tuku kai matua—te ara e haerea ana e tō kai mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga.
2. Ngā whekau nakunaku tāpiri: Ka huna e ēnei whekau nui ngā whākōkī me ngā matū hei āwhina i te wawahi i tāu kai.
Kia hohonu ake tā tātou tirotiro i ia wāhanga, āe?
Te Awa Kai – Te Paipa Matua o tō Tinana!
E mōhiotia ana hoki ko te ara nakunaku , he ngongo tino roa tēnei. He roa ake i tō whakaaro! Tata ki te 30 putu (tata ki te 9 mita) te roa o te ara nakunaku o te pakeke! Hei whakamārama, he roa ake i te roa o tētahi rūma noa! Ka tīmata tēnei ngongo i tō waha , ka mutu ki te nono (te putanga mō ngā para). I tēnei haerenga, he maha ngā wāhi nui ka mutu ai tō kai.
Kia tūhuratia ngātahitia ēnei teihana nui:
- 1. Waha: Koinei te tīmatanga o tō haerenga kai. Ka wahia e ō niho te kai kia iti ake, ka whakaranua e tō arero ki te huware. Ka whakaputahia e ngā repe huware te huware kei roto ngā whākōkī hei tīmata i te tukanga nakunaku. Mā te huware ka māmā ake te horomi.
- 2. Esophagus: Whakaarohia tēnei hei ngongo uaua e kawe ana i te kai mai i tō waha ki tō puku. I muri i tō horomitanga, ka kōpiri aunoa ō uaua, ka whakangāwari i roto i te nekehanga manawataki e kiia nei ko te peristalsis hei pana i te kai ki raro ki roto i tō puku.
- 3. Puku: Koinei te putea nakunaku o tō tinana. Ka noho te kai ki konei mō ētahi haora, ka wahia kia rite ki te wai te matotoru e ngā waikawa kaha (Waikawa Hydrochloric) me ngā whākōkī (pērā i te Pepsin). He rite te mahi a tō puku ki te mīhini whakaranu, e ruru pai ana i te kai. Tērā pea ka miharo koe me pēhea te whakahaere a te puku i ēnei waikawa kino; he mea tiaki e te arai motuhake hei tiaki i a ia mai i te kino.
- 4. Puku Iti: Whai muri i te puku, ka neke te kai ki konei. Ahakoa tōna ingoa, koinei te wāhanga roa rawa atu o tō ara nakunaku— tata ki te 20 putu te roa! Koinei te wāhi e puta ai te nuinga o te nakunaku, ā, ko te wāhi hoki e mimitihia ai ngā matūkai ki roto i tō toto. Ka tāpirihia ngā wai nakunaku mai i te repeure me te ate ki konei hei āwhina. Kua kapi te pakitara o roto i ngā miriona o ngā pūwero iti, rite ki te weriweri e kiia nei ko ngā villi , e whakanui ana i te horahanga o te mata mō te mimiti nui o ngā matūkai.
- 5. Puku Nui: Ko ngā mea kāore e taea e te whekau iti te mimiti—ko te nuinga he wai me te muka kāore e taea te nakunaku—ka haere ki konei. E 5 putu te roa o tēnei wāhanga. Ko tana mahi matua he mimiti anō i te wai me te hanga paru (para) . Hei tāpiri, kei roto i tō whekau nui he hapori nui o ngā huakita pai e tautoko ana i tō hauora, tae atu ki te āwhina ki te whakaputa i ētahi huaora pēnei i te Huaora K.
- 6. Te Remu me te Nono: Ko te nono te wāhi rokiroki rangitahi mō te paru i mua i te wehenga atu i te tinana. Hei whakamutunga, ka tukuna mā te nono .
Ka kite koe, ka tino rerekē te kai mai i te wa tuatahi ka kainga e koe!
Ētahi atu okana nui e āwhina ana i te nakunaku
Haunga te ara nakunaku, he maha atu anō ngā okana he mea nui. Ahakoa kāore te kai e tika ana mā roto i aua okana, e kore e taea te nakunaku tika me te kore ngā whākōkī me ngā matū e whakaputaina ana e rātou.
- Ngā Repe Huware: E ai ki te kōrero, ka hunaia e ēnei repe i roto i tō waha te huware. Ka tīmata te wawahi i ngā māngaro i roto i te huware mā te whākōkī e kiia nei ko te amylase .
- Ate: Koinei te repe nui rawa atu o tō tinana, ā, he tino pūtake kaha. Ka whakaputahia e ia te au , e āwhina ana ki te wawahi i ngā ngako kia iti ake te nakunaku. Hei tāpiri, ko te ate te taiwhanga o tō tinana—te penapena i ngā matūkai, te tukatuka i aua matūkai, me te tango i ngā matū kino.
- Pūngāwerewere: He okana iti tēnei, he rite ki te putea, e huna ana i raro i te ate. Ka rongoa i te pūngāwerewere i hangaia e te ate. Ina kai koe i ngā kai momona, ka whakawhāiti te pūngāwerewere hei tuku i taua pūngāwerewere kua rongoatia ki roto i te whekau iti.
- Repe taiaki: Kei muri i tō puku, e rua ngā mahi matua a tēnei repe ora: ka tukuna e ia ngā whākōkī nui ki te whekau iti hei wawahi i ngā warowaihā, ngā pūmua, me ngā ngako, ā, ka whakaputa hoki i ngā homoni nui pērā i te Insulin me te Glucagon hei whakahaere i ngā taumata huka toto o tō tinana.
He aha te hiranga o te pupuri i te rere pai o tēnei pūnaha whakamiharo?
Ināianei, kua kite koe i te uaua me te mīharo o tō pūnaha nakunaku. Ahakoa he iti noa te raruraru i tētahi wāhanga ka pā ki tō tinana katoa, ka arahi ki te mamae o te puku, te pupuhi, te mate korere, te mate puku rānei.
Ko tā tātou kawenga he pupuri i te hauora o tēnei pūnaha ora; ko te kai me ngā tikanga e whiriwhiria ana e tātou e whakatau ana i te pai o tana mahi.
Ngā tohutohu māmā hei pupuri i te hauora o tō pūnaha nakunaku
Anei ētahi mahi māmā hei mahi māu hei pupuri i te harikoa o tō pūnaha nakunaku:
- Kai i ngā kai momona i te muka: Kī tonu ngā rau matomato, ngā huawhenua, ngā hua rākau, me ngā witi katoa i te muka, ka āwhina i te nekehanga o te puku me te ārai i te mate pāwera.
- Kia mau te wai: He mea nui te wai mō te nakunaku. Ka āwhina i te wawahi i te kai, te mimiti i ngā matūkai, ā, ka noho ngohengohe te paru. Kia ngana ki te inu i te iti rawa i te 8 karāhe wai i te rā.
- Ngaungau pai i tāu kai: Mā te ngaungau pai ka māmā ake te mahi a ngā whākōkī nakunaku. Ka āwhina hoki i a koe kia tere ake te kī, ka ārai i te kai nui.
- Whakahaerehia te ahotea: Tērā pea ka miharo koe, engari he pānga tika te ahotea ki tō nakunaku. Ka taea e te ahotea nui te arahi ki te mamae o te puku, te mamae rānei o te puku. Ngāna kia marino tō hinengaro.
- Kia kaha tonu te mahi: Mā te whakakori tinana auau ka pai te neke o te ara nakunaku, ā, ka āwhina hoki ki te whakahaere i te taumaha.
- Kai i ngā wā ōrite: Ngāna kia piri ki tētahi wā kai auau. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i tō pūnaha nakunaku kia mahi i roto i tētahi auau e taea te matapae.
Whakarāpopototanga: Ngā mea nui hei whakaaroaro
Ko tāku tumanako kua mārama ake tō koutou māramatanga ki tō pūnaha nakunaku nā te kōrero o te rā nei.
I te kīanga māmā noa, he rite tō pūnaha nakunaku ki tētahi wheketere whakamiharo e huri ana i te kai e kainga ana e koe hei pūngao me ngā matūkai e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana hei oranga tonutanga.
Mā te waha, te korokoro, te puku, te whekau iti me te whekau nui , ka tukatukahia te kai me te tautoko nui o te ate, te pūkahukahu, me te repeure kia whiwhi ai tō tinana i te wahie e hiahiatia ana.
He mea nui te pupuri i te hauora o tēnei pūnaha. Ko te kai taurite, te inu wai, me te mahi i ngā mahi ā-tinana auau te mea nui hei tautoko i tō oranga. I Nirogi Lanka , ka akiaki mātou i a koe kia aro nui ki tēnei "hoa o roto" utu nui, kia maumahara hoki ki te tiaki i a ia me te manaaki e tika ana.
