Kei te pāngia ō kanohi e tēnei momo panoni? Me ako tātou mō te Pellucid Marginal Degeneration!

Kei te pōuri haere tō tirohanga? I ētahi wā, kāore e taea e koe te kite mārama ahakoa me ngā mōhiti? He mea nui pea tēnei ki a koe. He mate kanohi tino onge tēnei, engari he mea tika kia mōhio koe.

He aha rawa te Pellucid Marginal Degeneration?

Ki te whakarapopoto, ko te Pellusic Marginal Degeneration, ko te PMD rānei, he āhuatanga e pā ana ki te cornea, te wāhanga mārama, porotaka kei mua o tō kanohi. Ka āta haere. Kei te mōhio koe, ko te cornea hauora te mea e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te kite mārama i te ao. He rite ki te karāhe o te kāmera.

I roto i te PMD, ka angiangi tetahi wāhanga o te kornea, tata tonu ki te taha o raro o te kornea, kia rite ki te marama kōwhai. Whakaarohia he karaka. Ko te tikanga o tēnei angiangi ka puta i te rohe i waenganui i te ringa tuawhā me te ringa tuawaru o te karaka. Ko te wāhanga o te kornea i runga ake i tēnei angiangi ka pupuhi whakamua, arā, ka huri hei porowhita. Nā ēnei huringa, kāore e tika te arotahi o ngā hihi mārama e uru ana ki te kanohi. Ka kiia tēnei ko te astigmatism. I roto i te wā, ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti haere i tō tirohanga.

I te nuinga o te wā, ka pāngia ngā kanohi e rua e te PMD. Engari i ētahi wā ka pāngia te kanohi kotahi anake. Ko te mea pai, kāore e puta he koha ki te kornea. Koia te take e noho mārama tonu ai te kornea (ko te tikanga o te kupu 'pellucid' he "mārama").

Nā te puhoi o te whanaketanga o te PMD, tērā pea kāore he tohu i te tīmatanga. Engari i te mea ka angiangi tonu te kornea me te pupuhi whakamua, ka piki haere te astigmatism. Koinā te wā ka kino haere tō tirohanga. Ka uaua pea te mahi i ō mahi o ia rā.

Ko wai te hunga e tino pāngia ana e tēnei mate? He pēhea te noa o tōna pānga?

Ka pāngia te tangata e te PMD, ahakoa te iwi, te iwi rānei. Heoi, kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau he nui ake te kitea i roto i ngā tāne. Ko te tikanga ka kitea i roto i te hunga kei roto i ō rātou tau 20, 30, 40 rānei. Heoi, ka taea hoki te kitea i roto i te hunga kei roto i ō rātou tau 50, neke atu rānei.

Kāore he tatauranga tika mō te auau o tēnei mate. Heoi, kāore i te rite te noa ki te keratoconus, he mate anō e pā ana ki te cornea (e pupuhi ana te cornea ki mua hei āhua kōne). E kiia ana ka pā te keratoconus ki te kotahi i roto i te 400 me te kotahi i roto i te 2,000 tāngata. Nō reira, he ahua onge ake te PMD.

He aha ngā tohu? Me pēhea te mōhio ki tēnei?

Ko te tohu matua o te PMD ko te hekenga haere o te tirohanga i roto i te wā. Nā te pikinga ake o te astigmatism tēnei. Ko te nuinga o te tangata kāore e pāngia e te mamae o ngā kanohi, e ētahi atu tohu motuhake rānei.

Heoi, he tino onge te wā ka puta he raruraru nui e kiia nei ko te acute corneal hydrops. Koinei te wā ka pupuhi ohorere te cornea, ka pōuri te tirohanga me te aro ki te mārama. Tērā pea ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e te mamae nui. He āhuatanga ohorere tēnei.

He aha tēnei e tupu nei? He aha te take?

Ina hoki, kāore anō kia kitea e ngā kairangahau he tino take o te PMD, he āhuatanga mōrearea rānei, nō reira he uaua ki te kī tika he aha i puta ai.

Me pēhea te tautuhi a ngā tākuta i tēnei mate? He aha ngā whakamātautau ka mahia e rātou?

Ka taea e tō tākuta kanohi (ophthalmologist) te tātaritanga i te PMD. Ka tirotirohia e ia ō kanohi, ka whakahaerehia he whakamātautau maha, ka pātai atu hoki ki a koe mō ō tohumate, inā koa mēnā kua roa koe e ngaro ana te tirohanga.

Ko te whakamātautau matua e whakamahia ana hei tātaritanga i tēnei mate, ā, e kiia ana ko te "paerewa koura", ko te topography o te cornea. He whakamātautau tere tēnei, kāore he mamae. Ko tāu noa he noho ki mua i te mīhini. Ka tangohia e te mīhini ngā pikitia o ō kanohi, ā, ka hangaia he mahere tae-waehere o te mata o te cornea. He rite ki te mahere e whakaatu ana i te teitei o te maunga. Ka ako te tākuta kanohi i ēnei mahere hei ako mō te āhua me te piko o tō cornea.

I ētahi wā, ka taea e te mahere āhua o te kornea o te tangata whai PMD te whakaatu i ngā "kukupa kihi" (pēnei i ngā kukupa e rua e kihi ana) me ngā "maikuku pāpaka" (pēnei i te maikuku pāpaka). E whakaatu ana ēnei mahere i ngā wāhi o te kornea he kōpiko koi, he pupū rānei, he whero. Ka whakamahia ēnei mahere e tō tākuta hei whakatau mēnā kei a koe te PMD, i tētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e pā ana ki te kornea (corneal ectasia).

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?

Ko ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha o tō āhua me te tawhiti kua horapa. I ngā wāhanga tōmua, ka taea pea e koe te whakamahi i ngā mōhiti, i ngā karāhe whakapā rānei hei whakapai ake i tō tirohanga. He momo karāhe whakapā rerekē. Ka taea e tō tākuta kanohi te āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri i te momo e pai ana mō tō āhua.

Ko te mea nui, ahakoa ka pai ake te titiro ina mau koe i ngā karaihe whakapā, e kore e ārai i te kino haere o te mate.

Nō reira, ki te kore tō tirohanga e pai ki te mahi i ō mahi o ia rā me ngā mōhiti, ngā karāhe whakapā rānei, tera pea ka hiahiatia he pokanga i te mutunga. Ko te pokanga he tango i te wāhanga kua pakaru, i te katoa rānei o tō kornea, ka whakakapia ki te kiko kornea hauora mai i tētahi kaituku. He rerekē anō hoki ngā tikanga pokanga mō tēnei. Ma tō tākuta e whakamārama ki a koe ngā painga me ngā huakore o ia tikanga.

He ara anō hei ārai i te PMD?

Engari, kāore he mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i te PMD.Nā te mea, e ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua, kāore anō ngā kairangahau kia tino mōhio he aha te take o tēnei.

Heoi, he mea nui kia kite koe i tō tākuta kanohi, i tō tākuta kanohi rānei, i te iti rawa kotahi i te tau mō te whakamātautau kanohi. Ka taea e ia te tirotiro i te hauora whānui o ō kanohi, me te kite wawe i ngā raruraru. Mena ka kitea wawe te PMD, ka taea te aroturuki kia kite i te ahunga whakamua me te whakamahere maimoatanga tika.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako mēnā kei a koe te PMD?

Ko tō tākuta te tangata pai rawa atu hei kōrero ki a koe mō tō āhua. Kāore te PMD e whakapōrearea i te matapo katoa. Heoi, i te mea ka heke haere tō tirohanga, ka pā nui ki ō mahi o ia rā. He rerekē te tere o te whanaketanga o te mate i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Nō reira, me whai tohutohu hauora me ngā aroturukitanga mō te wā katoa hei aroturuki i tō āhua me te whakarite kei te pai te mahi a tō mahere maimoatanga.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō? Me pēhea taku tiaki i ōku kanohi?

Mena kei a koe te PMD, tētahi atu mate kornea rānei, he mea tino nui kia tiakina ēnei mea:

• Kaua e mirimiri i ō kanohi. Ahakoa he onge, ka pā mai pea ngā raruraru pēnei i te hydrops o te cornea.
• Kaua e mirimiri kaha i ō kanohi. Ka taea e tēnei te whakanui ake i te pēhanga o roto o te kanohi, ka taea hoki te whakararu i te cornea.
• Ki te mau koe i ngā karaihe whakapā, horoia kia rite ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.
• Kia mau ki te akuaku o ngā kanohi. Horoia te wāhi e karapoti ana i ō kanohi i ia rā ki te hopi ngawari me te wai māhana. Kātahi ka whakamaroke ki te kakahu ngohengohe.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta? Me pēhea mēnā he āhuatanga ohorere?

Me tirotiro kanohi koe i te iti rawa i te kotahi i te tau. I ētahi wā ka tono pea tō tākuta kia haere wawe mai koe ki te tirotiro. Kia mahara ki te haere ki aua wā tirotiro katoa.

Waihoki, ki te puta he tohu hou, ka kite rānei koe i ētahi huringa kāore i te whakamāramatia, waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu.

Me aha i roto i tētahi āhuatanga ohorere?

Mena kei a koe ētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei, tera pea he āhuatanga ohorere hauora. Nō reira waea atu ki te 1990 tonu atu, haere rānei ki te tari ohorere o te hōhipera tata:

• He mamae kanohi ohorere, kino.
• Te tirohanga pōuri ohorere, te tirohanga takirua rānei.
• Te pupuhi o te kanohi (Edema).

He aha ngā pātai nui hei pātai atu ki te tākuta?

Mena kua tāpaetia koe kei te pāngia e te PMD, he mea noa te maha o ngā pātai kei roto i tō hinengaro. Kōrerohia ō pātai me ō āwangawanga katoa ki tō tākuta, kia whiwhi ai koe i ngā whakautu e hiahiatia ana e koe. Hei tauira, ka pātai pea koe i ngā pātai pēnei i:

• Kua pēhea te haere o tōku āhua?
• Ko tēhea tikanga maimoatanga te mea pai mōku?
• Me pokanga ahau?
• Me aha ahau ki te tiaki i ōku kanohi i te kāinga?
• He mahi anō kei reira kāore e tika kia mahia e au?

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Pellucid Marginal Degeneration (PMD) me te Keratoconus?

I ngā wāhanga tōmua, ka rite te āhua o te PMD ki te keratoconus (he āhua e pupuhi ana te cornea ki mua hei āhua kōne). Nō reira, ka hē pea te tautuhi i ētahi tāngata whai PMD he keratoconus tā rātou, ahakoa he PMD tonu tā rātou. Heoi, he maha ngā rerekētanga nui i waenga i ngā āhuatanga e rua.

Ko tētahi atu mea hei mōhio māu, ka taea e koe te pāngia e te PMD me te keratoconus. Inaa, tata ki te kotahi i roto i te tekau o ngā tāngata whai PMD he keratoconus anō hoki.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Ka pā pea te Pellucid Marginal Degeneration ki tō oranga o ia rā, ā, ka pāngia koe e te manukanuka mō te heke mai. Heoi, me mahi tahi me tō tākuta i ia rā, i ia rā, kia whiwhi ai koe i te maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana e koe. Ko te nuinga o te hunga whai PMD kāore he raruraru nui. Ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i te mate mā te whakamahi i ngā mōhiti, i ngā karaihe whakapā rānei. I ētahi wā, ko te pokanga pea te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu. Kōrero ki tō tākuta kia mōhio ai koe ki ō kōwhiringa me ngā mea hei tumanakohia ā muri ake nei. Ko te mea nui ko te noho marino me te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.

` Te Hekenga o te Kiri o te Mata, PMD, Te Kiri o te Mata, Te Āstigmatism, Te Ngaronga o te Tirohanga, Ngā Mate Kanohi, Te Taupoki o te Kiri o te Mata, Te Keratoconus