Te tirohanga pōuri? Me kōrero tātou mō ngā hapa tirohanga!

He uaua ki a koe te kite i ngā mea e tata ana, e tawhiti ana rānei i ētahi wā? Ina pānui pukapuka koe, ka pōuriuri ngā reta? Ina hikoi koe i te tiriti, kāore e kitea te nama i runga i te pahi? He raruraru tino ēnei e pā ana ki te tini o te tangata. I tēnei rā, ka kōrero tātou mō ēnei hapa tirohanga kanohi, e kiia nei e ngā tākuta, ko '(Ngā Hapa Tirotiro)'.

He aha ngā hapa tirohanga?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te hapa tirohanga he panoni i te āhua tūturu o ō kanohi ka pōuriuri ai tō tirohanga. Koinei ngā raruraru tirohanga tino noa e pāngia ana e te tini o te tangata.

Whakaarohia, he rite te mahi a ō tātou kanohi ki tētahi tīma. Ina uru te mārama ki te kanohi, ka haere mā roto i ia wāhanga tae noa ki te roro.

1. Ka puta tuatahi te mārama mā te wāhanga mārama o te kanohi, arā, te cornea .

2. Koinei te wāhanga o te kanohi e arotahi ana i te mārama, ā, e tukuna ana mā roto i te karāhe arotahi i roto i te kanohi.

3. Kātahi ka taka te mārama nei hei tohu ki te paparanga kei muri o te kanohi, arā, te retina .

4. Ka hurihia e te retina tēnei mārama hei tohu hiko, ka tukuna ki te roro mā te io whatu .

5. Hei whakamutunga, ko te roro te tangata e whakamahi ana i ēnei tohu hei waihanga i ngā whakaahua e kitea ana e tātou.

Nā, i runga i te momo hapa whakaata kei a koe, kāore ngā mea e kite ana koe e arotahi tika ana nā te panoni o te āhua o tō karu kanohi, o tō kornea, o tō karu arotahi rānei. Koinei te take e pōhēhē ai, e pōuri ai hoki tō tirohanga.

He maha ngā momo o tēnei raruraru tirohanga. Ko ētahi ka uaua ki te kite i ngā mea i te taha tata. Ko ētahi ka pōuriuri i ngā mea i tawhiti. Ahakoa te momo raruraru kei a koe, ka taea e te tohunga kanohi te tātaritanga me te rongoā. Ka tirotirohia e rātou ō kanohi me tō tirohanga, ā, ka tohua te maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana e koe kia mārama ai anō tō tirohanga.

I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta ake ēnei raruraru tirohanga i a tātou e tipu haere ana, e whanake haere ana. He maha ngā raruraru ka puta tuatahi mai i ngā tamariki nohinohi. Heoi, ka taea e koe te whakawhanake i ēnei raruraru i ngā wā katoa o tō oranga, ahakoa he pai tō tirohanga i mua.

Tirohia he tohunga kanohi ina kite koe i ngā panonitanga, i te kino haere rānei o tō tirohanga. Ahakoa kua mau koe i ngā mōhiti kanohi, i ngā karaihe whakapā rānei, he mea nui kia tirohia ō kanohi i ia wā.

He aha ngā momo hapa tirohanga?

E whā ngā momo raruraru tirohanga e kitea whānuitia ana:

1. Te matapōkere - he pai te tirohanga tata

Ko te hunga he matapō tata, e kiia ana ko te "myopia" , kāore e kite mārama i ngā mea i tawhiti, engari ka taea e rātou te kite mārama i ngā mea e tata ana.Hei tauira, ki te mea he `(Myopia)` tōu, kāore pea koe e kite mārama i ngā tohu ingoa i te taha o te rori, ā, ka kitea noa iho i te wā e tata ana koe ki tō waka, i te wā rānei kei waho tonu i tō matapihi. Whakaarohia, e kī ana ētahi tamariki kāore e taea e rātou te kite i ngā mea kua tuhia ki te papa pango i te kura, engari ka taea e rātou te pānui i ngā mea kua tuhia ki roto i te pukapuka. Tērā pea nā te `(Myopia)` tēnei.

Ko te myopia te tikanga ka puta mai i te roa rawa o tō kanohi mai i mua ki muri. I ētahi wā, ka puta anō hoki te myopia mēnā he piko rawa tō cornea, tō karāhe rānei.

Ko te myopia te nuinga o te wā ka pā ki ngā tamariki kei te 10 tau te pakeke.

2. Te Tirohanga Tata (Hyperopia) - He pai te tirohanga tawhiti

Mā te tirohanga tata, te `(Hyperopia) rānei, ka uaua te kite mārama i ngā mea e tata ana ki a koe. Koinei te ritenga kē o te `(Myopia).` Mēnā he `(Hyperopia) tōu, ka taea e koe te kite mārama i ngā mea kei runga i te pouaka whakaata puta noa i te rūma, engari ka uaua ki a koe te pānui i te tuhinga e patohia ana i runga i te pona kei mua i a koe. Ka kitea e ētahi tāngata ina ngana rātou ki te pānui i tētahi nūpepa, i tētahi pukapuka rānei, ka pōuriuri te tuhinga, ā, me pupuri ake kia titiro atu ai i tawhiti.

Ka puta te hyperopia ina heke te roa o tō kanohi mai i mua ki muri. Ko tētahi atu take ko te papatahi rawa o tō cornea, o tō karāhe rānei (arā, kāore i te piko tika).

Ko te hunga e pāngia ana e te hyperopia ka whānau mai me tēnei mate.

3. Te tirohanga tata (presbyopia) e puta ana i te koroheketanga

Ko te presbyopia, te tirohanga tata rānei, he āhuatanga e puta mai ana i te kaumātuatanga. Pērā i te hyperopia, ka uaua te kite tata i ngā mea nā te presbyopia. Koinei te take me mau tātou i ngā mōhiti pānui i a tātou e kaumātuatia ana. Koinei te take i whakamahia ai e ō tātou whaea, ō tātou pāpā, me ō tātou koroua ngā mōhiti hei miro i te ngira me te pānui nūpepa.

Ka puta te presbyopia ina kore e ngāwari te karu o tō kanohi, ā, kāore e taea te arotahi pērā i mua. He maha ngā wā ka pā tēnei ki te hunga neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke.

4. Te Astigmatism

Ka taea e te mate kanohi pōuri te whakapōuri i te tirohanga i ngā tawhiti katoa. He porotaka ō tātou kanohi i te nuinga o te wā, tika? Engari ki te mea he mate kanohi pōuri tōu, he rite te āhua o tō kanohi ki te pōro whutupōro, ki te tuara rānei o te pūnu. Nā tēnei ka piko, ka whakapōturi rawa te mārama e tomo ana ki tō kanohi. Ko te tikanga ka taea e ia te arotahi ki ngā wāhi maha, kaua ki te arotahi ki te wāhi kotahi.

Ka taea te pā mai te mate kanohi i ngā wā katoa o te ao. Ka whānau mai ētahi tāngata me tēnei mate. Mō ētahi atu, ka puta ake i muri mai i te ao.

He aha ngā tohu o te hapa tirohanga?

Ka taea e ngā mate kanohi katoa te whakararu i tō tirohanga. Haunga te uaua o te kite mārama, tera pea ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu pēnei i:

• Te tirohanga pōuri o ngā mea e tata ana, e tawhiti ana, e rua rānei.
• Te tirohanga takirua ('Diplopia').
• Te mamae o te upoko.
• Te kamo. Ki te kamo tonu koe, ki te kamo rānei i ō kanohi, he tohu tēnā.
• Te taumahatanga o te kanohi.
• Mamae kanohi.

I ētahi wā, kāore pea ngā tamariki nohinohi e mōhio kei te ngoikore haere tā rātou tirohanga. Mēnā he uaua ki tāu tamaiti te arotahi ki tētahi mea mō te wā roa, he heke ohorere rānei ā rātou māka, tera pea he raruraru tirohanga tā rātou. Mēnā ka kite koe i ētahi huringa o ngā kanohi, o te tirohanga, o te whanonga rānei o tāu tamaiti, tirohia he tākuta tamariki, he tākuta kanohi rānei.

He aha ngā pūtake o ēnei hapa tirohanga?

Ka puta pea ngā raruraru tirohanga i ngā panonitanga o te āhua o tō kornea, o te karu arotahi, o te āhua katoa rānei o tō kanohi. Ko te momo raruraru kei a koe, kei te āhua o tō kanohi.

Ka puta anō hoki ēnei i a koe e pakeke haere ana. I a koe e pakeke haere ana, ka puta pea he raruraru tirohanga hou kāore i te kitea i tō tamarikitanga.

Ahakoa kua oti te pokanga katarata, tera pea ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e ngā raruraru tirohanga.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i ngā hapa tirohanga?

Mā te whakamātautau kanohi ka tātarihia ngā raruraru tirohanga e te tākuta kanohi. Ka tirohia ō kanohi (tae atu ki te taha o roto). Ka tukuna atu hoki e rātou he whakamātautau mō te koi o te tirohanga . Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakatau i te momo raruraru tirohanga kei a koe, me te nui o tōna pānga ki tō tirohanga.

Me pēhea te rongoā i ngā hapa tirohanga?

Ko ngā maimoatanga mō ngā raruraru tirohanga ko:

• Ngā mōhiti kanohi.
• Ngā karaihe whakapā.
• Te pokanga whakatikatika tirohanga - hei tauira, ngā pokanga pēnei i te LASIK me te Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK).

I te nuinga o te wā, ka tohua e tō tākuta kanohi he mōhiti, he karāhe whakapā rānei i mua i tō pokanga whakatikatika tirohanga. Heoi anō, tera pea ka taea e koe te pokanga tonu. Kōrero ki tō tākuta kanohi mō te maimoatanga pai rawa atu māu.

Ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i te hapa tirohanga?

Ina hoki, kāore he mea e taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i te whanaketanga o te hapa tirohanga o ō kanohi. Nā te mea ko te āhua o tō kanohi, o te cornea, o te karu rānei, nā ngā huringa rānei o ēnei wāhanga ēnei e puta ai, kāore he huarahi hei ārai i ngā hapa tirohanga. Ā, kāore he mea e taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i te whānautanga mai o tāu tamaiti me te hapa tirohanga.

He aha te mea ka tupu mēnā he hapa whakaata taku?

Ahakoa me mau mōhiti kanohi, me mau karaihe whakapā rānei koe, me pokanga whakatikatika tirohanga rānei, nā te mea he hapa tirohanga tōu, kāore e nui te pānga ki tō hauora.

Ka rerekē pea te kaha, te roa rānei o te whakamahinga o ō mōhiti, o ō karāhe whakapā rānei i roto i te wā. Ko ētahi o te hunga e pokangahia ana mō te whakatikatika tirohanga, ka pāngia pea rātou e te ngaronga o te tirohanga i roto i te wā (te hokinga whakamuri) – arā, ka memeha haere ngā pānga o te pokanga.

Mena he raruraru tirohanga tōu, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e ētahi atu āhuatanga ka pā ki ngā kanohi. Hei tauira:

• Te karuākōma.
• Kanohi mangere (`Kanohi mangere / Āraipio`).
• Ngā kanohi kua whiti / Strabismus.
• Te tirohanga iti.

Kia hia ngā wā me tirotiro ōku kanohi?

Mā te tirotiro i ō kanohi me tō tirohanga i ia wā, ka taea e te tohunga kanohi te kite wawe i ngā raruraru. Ko te auau o te tirotiro i ō kanohi ka whakawhirinaki ki tō tau:

• Tamariki: Me tirotirohia ngā kanohi o tāu tamaiti e tā rātou tākuta tamariki i te wā e ako ana ia ki te pānui, ā, i ia tau, i te rua rānei i muri i tērā.
• Ngā pakeke kei raro iho i te 40 tau te pakeke: Ia rima ki te tekau tau.
• Ngā pakeke i waenga i te 40 me te 54 tau te pakeke: Ia rua ki te whā tau.
• Ngā pakeke neke atu i te 55 tau te pakeke: Ia tau kotahi ki te toru.

Mena kei te mau koe i ngā mōhiti, i ngā karaihe whakapā, i te hiahia rānei ki tētahi atu taputapu āwhina tirohanga, me tirotiro pinepine ō kanohi. Me tirotiro pinepine hoki ngā kanohi o te hunga mate huka.

Pātai atu ki tō tohunga kanohi kia hia te auau o te tirotiro kanohi.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki taku tākuta?

Tirohia tō tākuta, tō tākuta kanohi rānei ina kite koe i ngā panonitanga ki ō kanohi, ki tō tirohanga rānei.

Mena kei a koe tētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei , haere tonu ki te tari whawhati tata o te hōhipera:

• Te ngaronga ohorere o te tirohanga.
• Te mamae nui o te kanohi.
• Ki te kite koe i ngā uira hou, i ngā mea rānei e rere ana i roto i ō kanohi.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta?

• He aha te momo raruraru tirohanga kei a au?
• He aha te momo mōhiti/karāhi whakapā e hiahiatia ana e au?
• He pai ahau mō te pokanga whakatikatika tirohanga?
• Kia pēhea te auau o taku whakamātautau kanohi?

Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga

He raruraru kanohi tino noa ngā raruraru tirohanga e pāngia ana e te tini tāngata. Ahakoa te momo raruraru kei a koe, ka taea e tō tākuta kanohi te kimi i tētahi maimoatanga hei āwhina i a koe kia kite mārama anō. Ahakoa te āhua nei kāore tō tirohanga i tino rerekē, me toro atu ki tō tākuta kanohi i ia wā. I ētahi wā, ko ngā panoni iti ki ō kanohi, ki tō tirohanga rānei, ka kino ake te raruraru o mua, ka puta mai rānei he raruraru hou.

Ki te tīmata ohorere te kamo o tō tamaiti, te amuamu mō te ānini, te kite rānei i te hekenga o āna mahi kura, tera pea he mate kanohi tōna kāore pea ia e mōhio ka taea te rongoā. Koia te mea nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora i ngā wā penei. He tino taonga ō tātou kanohi, nō reira kia tiakina tātou!

` Te tirohanga, ngā raruraru tirohanga, te myopia, te hyperopia, te astigmatism, ngā mōhiti, te hauora o ngā kanohi