Kei tō ringaringa taua koha tawhito mō te werohanga? (Koha mō te werohanga mo te whēkau) Kia mōhio tātou ki ngā taipitopito!

Kua kite koe i tētahi koha iti, porowhita i te tihi o tō ringaringa, i ngā ringaringa rānei o ō mātua, o ō koroua rānei? I te nuinga o te wā, he rite ki tētahi kōhao kua keria ki roto i te kiri i raro noa i te mata. Ka kiia e ētahi he "koha rewharewha." He aha rawa tēnei koha? He aha i puta ai? Me kōrero taipitopito atu tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā.

He aha te whara o te kano ārai mate rewharewha?

He māmā noa iho, ko te koha o te kano ārai mate rewharewha he tohu iti e toe ana i tō ringa i muri i te werohanga hei tiaki i a koe mai i te rewharewha. He porowhita te āhua o tēnei koha, engari i ētahi wā ka paku koretake ngā taha. Te āhua nei he paku teitei ake i te kiri e karapoti ana.

Titiro mai, he maha ngā momo kano ārai mate motuhake e puta ai he koha pēnei:

• `ACAM2000™`: Koinei te kano ārai mate e whakamahia ana e ngā kaimahi hauora hei tiaki i te tangata mai i te rewharewha. Heoi, kāore e hoatu ki te katoa. Ka hoatu ki ngā kaimahi taiwhanga e mahi ana me ētahi momo huaketo, me ētahi tāngata i roto i te ope taua. I mōhio koe? Nā ngā kaupapa werohanga o mua, kua tata te whakakorenga o te huaketo e puta ai te rewharewha i te ao. Nō reira, kāore e horapa ki hea noa atu i te ao.
• `Dryvax®`: Koinei te kano ārai mate rewharewha i whakamahia i mua i te `ACAM2000™`, i mua i te whakaaetia e te US Food and Drug Administration (`US Food and Drug Administration - FDA`). He maha ngā tāngata i tukuna ki tēnei kano ārai i te United States i waenganui o te tau 1900. Heoi, i mutu te tuku noa i muri i te tau 1972. Whai muri i tēnā, ko te `Dryvax®` i tukuna ki ētahi rōpū kua tohua anake, pērā i ngā kaimahi hauora me ngā hōia. Tae noa ki te tau 2008 ka mutu katoa te `Dryvax®`, ā, ka tukuna te `ACAM2000™`.

Nō reira, tera pea i puta te koha i tō ringaringa i tētahi o ēnei kano ārai mate e rua, inā koa kua pakeke ake koe.

He aha i waiho ai he koha e tēnei kano ārai mate rewharewha?

He pātai pai! Ko te take matua ka waiho he koha e te kano ārai mate rewharewha he mea ka puta he mate iti ki tō kiri ina whiwhi koe i te kano ārai. Kaua e manukanuka, he mate kua whakahaeretia, he mate ā-whakaarohia tēnei. Ka whawhai tō tinana ki te mate, ā, ka hinga i a ia. Heoi, i te wāhi i puta ai tēnei whawhai, arā, i te wāhi i puta ai te mate me te mumura e pā ana, ka toe tonu he koha iti.

Ka hoatu te kano ārai mate `ACAM2000™` (me te kano ārai mate `Dryvax®` o mua) mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngira motuhake he pito kua wehea. Ka toua e te kaiwhakarato hauora tēnei ngira ki roto i te wai werohanga, ā, ka werohia te kiri o tō ringa o runga i ngā wā maha. Ka puta he 'mate pāpaku' iti, e ai ki te kōrero, engari ka noho noa ki te wāhi i werohangahia. He pānga noa tēnei o te kano ārai mate. Ka whakaoho tēnei mate pakupaku i tō 'pūnaha ārai mate' kia hanga he parenga ki te mate.

Ko te mea nui, kāore tēnei kano ārai mate e pā ki a koe. Nā te mea kāore tēnei kano ārai mate i hangaia mā te whakamahi i te huaketo e puta ai te mate (te 'huaketo variola'). Engari, e whakamahi ana i tētahi huaketo e kiia nei ko te 'huaketo vaccinia'. He huaketo tēnei huaketo vaccinia e pā ana ki te huaketo vaccinia. Nō reira, ina hangaia e tō tinana he ārai mate ki te huaketo vaccinia, kua rite hoki ki te whawhai ki te huaketo vaccinia. He mea whakamiharo?

I roto i ngā rā e toru ki te whā i muri i te werohanga, ka whero, ka pupuhi, ka mākūkū te wāhi i werohangahia. Ka kiia tēnei he "take." He tohu tēnei kei te mahi te werohanga. I muri i ētahi rā, ka huri tēnei wāhi hei pupuhi kapi tonu i te pūkahukahu, ka nui haere i muri i te 10 rā pea. Kātahi ka tīmata te maroke. I te wa e ora ana te pupuhi, ka puta he kiri pakupaku ki runga. He wāhanga tēnei o te tukanga whakaora ā-taiao o tō kiri. Ka taka tēnei kiri pakupaku i waenga i te 14 ki te 21 rā i muri i te werohanga. Koinei te wāhi e toe ana te koha iti, he rua.

He tohu pai tēnei koha kua angitu te kano kano, ā, kua hoatu he ārai mate ki a koe i te rewharewha. Engari kia mahara, kāore tēnei ārai mate katoa e mau tonu mō te wā katoa. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka tīmata te ngoikore o te ārai mate i muri i te toru ki te rima tau o te werohanga. Koia te take me whiwhi anō, me anō hoki ētahi tāngata (pērā i ngā kaimahi taiwhanga) i te kano kano mō ngā tau kia mau tonu ai te tiakitanga katoa.

He aha kāore he koha o te kano ārai mate rewharewha i ahau?

Mena i whiwhi koe i te kano ārai mate rewharewha i ēnei rā tata nei, ā, kāore anō kia puta he ponana, tera pea kāore i "pai" te mahi a te kano ārai. Arā, kāore i pai te mahi a te kano ārai i te mea i tumanakohia. Heoi, ko te tikanga ka kitea wawetia tēnei e ngā kaimahi hauora (i mua i tō mōhio kāore he ponana).

Ka tirohia e ngā tākuta ngā tohu "tauhohenga" i roto i te wiki tuatahi i muri i te werohanga. Arā, mēnā ka puta he ponana, ā, mēnā kei te tika te urupare a tō tinana. Ki te kore ēnei tohu e puta, me werohanga anō pea koe. Mā tō tākuta koe e tohutohu mō te mea pai mōu i taua wā.

Tērā pea kei te mau tonu ngā kōpura i roto i te hunga i whiwhi i te kano ārai mate rewharewha i ngā tau kua pahure. I ētahi wā ka memeha haere i roto i te wā. Ka whiwhi ētahi tāngata i ngā maimoatanga 'whakatikatika kōpura' hei whakaiti i te āhua o ngā kōpura, mēnā e hiahia ana rātou.

Ka puta he kiri mākū i te kano kano Mpox?

Kei te kano kano ka whiwhi koe. Whakaarohia, he tino ōrite ngā huaketo e hua ai te rewharewha (`smallpox`) me te mumps (`mpox`), he rite ki ngā whanaunga. Koia te take i taea ai e ngā kaimahi hauora te whakamahi i te kano kano rewharewha hei tiaki i te tangata mai i te mumps.

Nō reira, ko te hunga e whiwhi ana i te kano ārai mate `ACAM2000™` ka puta he koha e ai ki te kōrero. Heoi, ko ngā kaimahi hauora i ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika e pai ake ana ki te whakamahi i te kano ārai mate `JYNNEOS®` hei tiaki i te rewharewha nā te mea he iti ake te tūponotanga o ngā pānga kino kino.

Ko te tikanga o te tuku ka pā mai he ponana ki te hunga e whiwhi ana i te kano ārai mate `JYNNEOS®`. E rua ngā tikanga matua mō te tuku i te kano ārai mate `JYNNEOS®`:

• Werohanga ā-kiri: Ka tukuna tēnei ki te taha o roto o tō rae. Ka whakamahia e te tākuta he ngira iti hei wero i te werohanga ki waenganui i ngā paparanga e rua o runga o tō kiri (te kiriuhi me te kiri o raro). Nā te mea he maha ngā pūtau ārai mate o tō kiri, ahakoa he iti noa te horopeta o te werohanga ka taea te whakaoho ngāwari i aua pūtau me te āwhina i tō tinana ki te hanga i ōna parepare. Ina puta ohorere mai he mate pēnei i te rewharewha, mā te whakamahi i ngā horopeta iti ka taea te āwhina i te werohanga i te tini o te tangata.
• Werohanga kiri raro i te kiri: Ko te tikanga ka hoatu tēnei ki te ringa o runga. Ka whakamahia e te tākuta he ngira hei wero i te werohanga ki te paparanga hohonu rawa o tō kiri (te hypodermis).

He haumaru, he whai hua hoki ngā tikanga e rua. Heoi, ina tukuna te kano ārai mate mā te tikanga 'intradermal', ka pāngia te kiri e te mumura me te tae ke. He wā poto noa iho ēnei. Heoi anō, ka pāngia pea ētahi tāngata e te whara roa mai i tēnei kano ārai mate. Ko ēnei tāngata e whai ake nei te hunga tino mōrearea:

• Ko te hunga he hītori o ngā koha kino nō mua.
• Ko te hunga kua pāngia e ngā kōpura e te mate kiri, e kiia nei ko ngā 'kōpura Keloid'. He kōpura matotoru, he mea whakatio ēnei e puta ake ana i runga ake i te kiri. Ka puta pea he whero, he māwhero rānei. Ka rite te tae ki tō kiri, ka pouri ake rānei.

Ko te hunga mangu, Latino, Āhia rānei, arā, ko te hunga he kiri mangu ake, he nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i ngā koha keloid.

Nō reira, ko te hunga e tūpono ana ki te whara, kāore e werohia ki te tikanga 'intradermal'. Engari, ka hoatu ki a rātou te tikanga 'subcutaneous'. Ka kōrero tō tākuta ki a koe mō tō hītori hauora (tae atu ki ngā hītori whara) i mua i te hoatutanga o te werohanga ki a koe. Mā rātou e whiriwhiri te tikanga e pai ana mōu.

Ki te whai koe i te koha o te kano ārai mate rewharewha, he tohu tēnei kua tiakina koe mai i te Mpox?

Ko tō tākuta te tangata pai rawa atu hei kī atu ki a koe mēnā kei te tiakina koe mai i te rewharewha, i tētahi atu mate pāwera rānei. I mōhio koe? He maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki tō taumata tiaki. Hei tauira:

• He aha te kano ārai mate i whakawhiwhia ki a koe (pēnei i te `ACAM2000™` me te `JYNNEOS®` rānei?)
• Nōnahea koe i hoko ai?
• Kia pēhea te roa e tiakina ai taua kano ārai mate?

Ka taea e tō tākuta te aromatawai i tō ārai mate i runga i tō hītori werohanga me ngā rangahau hou mō te roa o te ora o ngā kano kano.

Ko tētahi atu mea hei maumahara, ahakoa he koha rewharewha tō ringa, ehara i te mea kua werohia koe mō te rewharewha. Tērā pea kua hoatu ki ētahi tāngata, inā koa ko te hunga i whānau mai i waho o Sri Lanka, te werohanga Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), e hoatu ana mō te mate kohi. Ka waiho anō hoki e te werohanga BCG he koha ki tō ringa, he rite tonu ki te koha o te werohanga rewharewha.

Heoi, he rerekē rawa ēnei kano ārai mate e rua, he rerekē rawa ngā huaketo e rua. Ka tiakina koe i te rewharewha mēnā ka whiwhi koe i tētahi kano ārai mate kua hangaia, kua whakaaetia hoki mōna.

He tokomaha te hunga, ina titiro rātou ki te koha o tā rātou kano ārai mate rewharewha, ka mahara tonu ki te rā tonu i whiwhi ai rātou. Ki ētahi, tera pea kua tekau tau ki muri, hei wāhanga o tētahi kaupapa werohanga nui hei whakakore i te rewharewha i te ao. Ki ētahi atu, tera pea he mea i whiwhi ai rātou i ēnei rā tata nei, nā te āhua o tā rātou mahi.

Ahakoa te wā, te wāhi, te take rānei, he tohu pai te ponana kua hangaia e tō tinana ngā parepare ārai mate hei tiaki i a koe me ētahi atu. Mena he pātai āu mō tō ponana, mō ngā werohanga rānei me whiwhi koe, kaua e mangere ki te pātai atu ki tētahi kaiwhakarato hauora.

Ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara (Karere hei kawe ki te kāinga)

• Ko te koha o te kano ārai mate rewharewha he tohu e toe ana i te ringa i muri i te whiwhinga o te kano ārai mate rewharewha (ACAM2000™, te Dryvax® tawhito rānei).
• Ka puta tēnei ponana nā te mea kei te aro te tinana ki tētahi mate iti, kua whakahaeretia i roto i te kiri i puta mai i te kano kano. He tohu tēnei kua angitu te kano kano.
• Kāore te huaketo rewharewha i roto i te kano ārai mate rewharewha, engari ko te 'huaketo kano ārai mate' rite tonu.
• Mena kāore he koha, kāore pea i "whakainumia" te kano kano. Rapua he tohutohu hauora mō tēnei.
• Ko te pakaru o ngā kano kano MPOX (pēnei i a JYNNEOS®) e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tikanga o te hoatutanga (i roto i te kiri, i raro rānei i te kiri) me ngā āhuatanga takitahi.
• Ahakoa he rite te koha BCG ki te koha rewharewha, he rerekē ngā mea e rua. Ahakoa he koha rewharewha noa iho, ehara i te mea kua tiakina koe i te rewharewha.
• Ko tō tākuta te tangata pai rawa atu hei mōhio ki tō ārai mate me ngā werohanga.

Nō reira, ko tāku tumanako kua mārama ake koe ki taua koha iti i tō ringaringa. Ehara i te mea he koha noa iho, engari he tauira pai hoki mō te ahunga whakamua o te pūtaiao ki te tiaki i a tātou mai i te mate!

` Rewharewha, koha kano ārai mate, koha kano ārai mate rewharewha, ACAM2000, Dryvax, Mpox, JYNNEOS, ārai mate