Ina whakaaro koe ki te mate huka, tera pea ka whakaaro koe ki te mate huka momo 2 e puta ake ana i a koe e pakeke haere ana. Engari i mōhio koe he momo mate huka anō ka puta i ngā tau katoa, inā koa i roto i ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi? Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou ko te Mate Huka Momo 1. He rerekē paku, engari ki te whakahaeretia tika, e kore e aukati i a koe ki te noho ora hauora. Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei i roto i te huarahi māmā e taea ai e koe te mārama.
He aha te mate huka momo 1?
Ki te kī māmā noa, ko te mate huka momo 1 he mate pūnaha ārai mate e whakaekehia ai e te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana ngā pūtau e whakaputa ana i te insulin (ngā pūtau beta) i roto i te repe taiaki.
Whakaarohia, he rite te insulin ki te kī e āwhina ana i te huka, te kurukose rānei, i roto i ō tātou toto, kia tomo ki roto i ō tātou pūtau hei hanga pūngao. Ināianei, ina ngaro ēnei pūtau whakaputa insulin, kāore te tinana e whakaputa i te insulin e hiahiatia ana. Kātahi ka kore e taea e te huka i roto i te toto te tomo ki roto i ngā pūtau, ā, ka kohia ki roto i te toto. Koinei te mea e tupu ana i roto i tēnei mate.
I mua ko te "huvenile diabetes" te ingoa nā te mea i kitea pinepinetia i roto i ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi. Engari e mōhio ana tātou ināianei ka pā ki ngā pakeke o ngā tau katoa.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Momo 1 me te Momo 2?
He wāhi tēnei e noho pōrearea ai te tini o te tangata.
- Momo 1: Ka mutu katoa te hanga insulin e te tinana, nō reira me tango te insulin mai i waho kia ora ai.
- I te Momo 2: Ahakoa te hanga o te tinana i te insulin, kāore i te rawaka te nui, kāore rānei ngā pūtau o te tinana e aro tika ki taua insulin (ātete ki te insulin).
He aha ngā tohu? Me pēhea e tere ai te kite?
Ka puta wawe tonu ngā tohu o tēnei mate, i ētahi wā i roto i ētahi wiki. He mea nui kia mōhio ki ēnei tohu.
| Tohu | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Te matewai nui me te mangai maroke | Kāore e tineia te matewai ahakoa i muri i te inu wai. |
| Te mimi pinepine | Te hiahia ki te mimi pinepine, ina koa i te pō. |
| Te ngaronga taumaha mō te kore take | Ahakoa kai pai koe, ā, e hiakai ana, ka ngaro tō taumaha. |
| Hiakai nui | Ka tere te hiakai ahakoa i muri i te kai. |
| Te ngenge nui me te ngoikore | Te ngoikore tonu. |
| Ngā huringa tirohanga | Ngā mea pēnei i te tirohanga pōuri. |
| Ngā mate urutā auau | Ngā mate kiri, ngā mate mimi, ngā mate tara rānei e hokihoki mai ana. |
Te mate huka momo 1 i roto i ngā pakeke i te tīmatanga mutunga (LADA)
I ētahi wā ka kitea tēnei mate i te pakeketanga (i waenganui i te 30-50 tau). Ka kiia tēnei ko te 'Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults' (LADA). Nā te mea he puhoi rawa te puta mai o ngā tohu, ka taea te pohehe i ētahi wā he mate huka momo 2.
Me pēhea te whakatipu i ngā tamariki nohinohi?
Haunga ngā tohu e kitea ana i roto i ngā pakeke, ka rerekē pea ngā tohu o ngā tamariki nohinohi me ngā pēpi ina pāngia rātou e tēnei mate. He mea nui kia mōhio ngā mātua ki tēnei.
- Te whakawhiti i ngā nāpi o te pēpi i ngā wā katoa atu i te tikanga.
- He mākūkū nāpi kāore e ora ahakoa te maimoatanga.
- Ka tīmata te tamaiti kua mōhio ki te whakamahi i te wharepaku ki te whakamakuku i te moenga.
- Te pikinga ake o te tere o te manawa.
- Te mamae o te puku me te ruaki.
- Ngā panonitanga o te whanonga a te tamaiti (te riri pinepine, te pōrearea).
- He kakara reka, he kakara hua mai i te manawa (he tohu morearea tēnei).
Ki te pāngia tāu tamaiti e tētahi o ēnei tohu, me toro atu ki te tākuta i taua wā tonu. I ētahi wā, ka rite ēnei tohu ki te rewharewha noa, engari he mate huka momo 1 pea.
He aha ngā take mō tēnei? He mea tuku iho?
Kāore anō kia mōhiotia te tino take e whakaeke ai te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana i ōna ake pūtau, engari e whakaponohia ana ko te nuinga o te wā he pānga ki te ira me ngā āhuatanga taiao .
Ki te kī ngāwari, mēnā kei te pāngia tētahi o tō whānau (whaea, pāpā, tuākana/teina) e te mate huka momo 1, he nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te pāngia e taua mate, engari ehara i te mea ka tino pāngia koe e taua mate.
Whakaarohia, ahakoa he ira kei a koe e whakaraerae ana i a koe ki te mate, tera pea me whai āhuatanga taiao, pērā i te mate huaketo, kia "whakahohe" ai aua ira.
Me pēhea te tautuhi i te mate? He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana?
Ki te whakapae tō tākuta kei a koe te mate huka momo 1, ko te mea tuatahi ka mahia e ia ko te whakamātautau i ō taumata huka toto.
| Whakamātautau | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Whakamātautau A1c | Ka taea e koe te whiwhi whakaaro mō tō taumata huka toto toharite mō ngā marama 2-3 kua hipa. |
| Whakamātautau Huka Toto Nohopuku | Ka tirohia e rātou ō rātou taumata huka toto i muri i tā rātou kore kai mō te 8 hāora pea. |
| Whakamātautau Huka Toto Matapōkere | Tirohia ō taumata huka toto i ngā wā katoa o te rā. |
Mā ēnei whakamātautau ka taea te whakaatu mēnā he mate huka tōu. Engari kia tino mōhio ai koe mēnā he momo 1, he momo 2 rānei, ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta ētahi atu whakamātautau.
- Whakamātautau autoantibodies: Koinei te whakamātautau tino nui. I roto i te mate huka momo 1, kei roto i te toto ngā pūmua motuhake (autoantibodies) e whakaeke ana i ngā pūtau e hanga ana i te insulin. Ka rapua ēnei e tēnei whakamātautau.
- Whakamātautau Ketones: Ina ngaro te insulin, ka tīmata te tinana ki te tahu ngako hei pūngao. Ko ngā waikawa e puta mai ana ka kiia he ketones. Ka kitea ēnei i roto i te mimi.
Te maimoatanga me te whakahaere oranga
Kāore tō oranga e mutu nā te mea kua tāpaetia koe he mate huka momo 1. Ka taea e koe te ora roa, hauora, me te harikoa. Ko te mea nui ko te whakahaere pai i ō taumata huka toto.
He mea whakahau te whakamahi i te insulin.
I te mate huka momo 1, kāore tō tinana e whakaputa i te insulin, nō reira me tango e koe te insulin mai i waho i ia rā . Kāore e taea e koe te tango i te insulin i roto i te ahua pire, nā te mea ka pakaru i roto i tō puku. Nō reira me tango e koe i roto i te werohanga, i te papu insulin rānei.
He maha ngā momo insulin. He rerekē te roa o te mahi me te roa o te ora. Mā tō tākuta e whakatau te momo me te horopeta o te insulin e tika ana māu i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki tō tau, tō momo noho, me ngā tikanga kai.
Te tirotiro auau i ngā taumata huka toto
Ko te mea nui ko te pupuri i ō taumata huka toto i roto i te awhe whainga puta noa i te rā. E rua ngā huarahi hei mahi i tēnei:
1. Ine huka toto: Ko te tikanga tuku iho mō te whakamātautau ko te tango i tētahi pata toto iti mai i te pito o te maihao.
2. Aroturuki Huka Toto Tonu (CGM): Ka tirohia aunoatia e tētahi pūoko iti kei raro i te kiri ō taumata huka toto i ia meneti torutoru, ā, ka tukuna atu ngā raraunga ki tō waea pūkoro, ki tētahi atu taputapu rānei. Ka whakatūpato atu mēnā he tiketike, he iti rānei ō taumata huka toto.
Kai me te āhua noho
Ahakoa he mate huka momo 1 tōu, ehara i te mea kāore e taea e koe te kai. Engari me tūpato koe ki te nui o te kai e kainga ana e koe, inā koa ko te warowaihā (māngaro). Me whakarerekē e koe te horopeta o tō insulin kia ōrite ki te nui o te kai e kainga ana e koe.
- Kai i tētahi kai taurite . Tāpirihia he nui ake o ngā huawhenua, ngā hua rākau, me ngā witi katoa.
- Whakaititia ngā inu huka, ngā kai reka, me ngā warowaihā kua whakatikatikaina (taro, rimurapa).
- Whakakorikori tinana i ngā wā katoa. Mā te whakakorikori tinana ka piki ake te aro o te tinana ki te insulin.
- Whakahaerehia te ahotea me te moe nui . Ka pā hoki ēnei ki ngā taumata huka toto.
He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te mate huka?
Ki te kore e whakahaeretia pai ngā taumata huka toto mō te wā roa, ka pakaru pea ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana. Kaua e manukanuka. Ki te pupuri tonu koe i te whakahaere pai, ka taea e koe te ārai i te nuinga o ēnei raruraru.
Ko te raruraru nui rawa atu, ā, ko te mate huka ketoacidosis (DKA) te mea tino whāiti. Ka puta tēnei ina kore te tinana e whiwhi i te insulin, ka puta ai ngā ketone me te huka ki roto i te toto, ka waikawa ai te toto. He āhuatanga ohorere tēnei e morearea ana ki te ora.
Mena ka pā mai ngā tohu pēnei i te ruaki, te mamae o te puku, te tere o te manawa, te hiamoe nui, me te kakara hua o tō manawa , tera pea he DKA. Haere tonu ki te Tari Ohotata o te hōhipera (ETU).
Ko ngā raruraru roa ka uru atu ki te mate manawa, te mate tākihi (nephropathy), te kino o te kanohi (retinopathy), me te kino o ngā io. Ko te huarahi pai ki te ārai i ēnei ko te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta me te pupuri i te taumata o te huka toto, te toto toto tiketike, me te cholesterol.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ehara i te he nāu te mate huka momo 1. He mate pūnaha ārai mate tēnei.
- Ahakoa he mate tēnei mō tō oranga katoa, mā te maimoatanga insulin me ngā huringa momo noho, ka taea e koe te ora i tētahi oranga hauora me te ora kaha.
- Ko te mea nui ko te tirotiro i ngā taumata huka toto i ia wā, me te pupuri i aua taumata ki roto i te awhe ūnga kua hoatu e tō tākuta.
- Mena he pātai āu mō tēnei, kaua e wehi ki te kōrero tuwhera ki tō tākuta. Kei te rite tonu rātou ki te āwhina i a koe.
- Kāore koe i te mokemoke. He tokomaha te hunga e noho ana me tēnei mate. Nō reira kia kaha.
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