E ngana ana tātou katoa ki te whakaiti i te nui o te tote e tāpirihia ana ki ā tātou kai. Nā te mea e mōhio ana tātou kāore e pai te kai nui rawa i te tote mō te tinana. Engari i mōhio koe he mea nui te nui o te tote (konutai) kia pai ai te mahi a tō tātou tinana? Mena ka heke te taumata konutai i te nui e hiahiatia ana, ka puta hoki he maha ngā raruraru mō tō tātou tinana. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te hyponatremia i roto i te rongoā.
He aha te hyponatremia?
Āe, me kī pēnei. Me whai nui te konutai i roto i ō tātou toto hei whakahaere i te nui o te wai i roto, i te taha hoki o ō tātou pūtau. Me tino taurite tēnei.
Whakaarohia, mō tētahi take, ka heke te nui o te konutai i roto i tō toto. Ko te mea ka tupu, ka piki ake te nui o te wai i roto i tō tinana, ā, ka tīmata te pupuhi o ngā pūtau o tō tinana. Ka puta pea tēnei pupuhi i roto i ngā pūtau i ngā wāhi katoa o te tinana. Engari he tino morearea mēnā ka pā ki ngā pūtau roro . I ētahi wā ka tīmata tēnei me ngā tohu iti noa iho, ā, ka ahu whakamua ki ngā āhuatanga kino ka taea te whakararu i te ora.
I te nuinga o te wā, ko te taumata konutai toto o te tangata hauora me noho i waenga i te 135 me te 145 milliequivalents ia rita (mEq/L). Mena ka heke iho tēnei uara i te 135 mEq/L, ka kiia he āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te hyponatremia. Ka taea e tō tākuta te kī atu ki a koe he aha te taumata o tēnei taumata mā te whakamātautau toto noa.
Tērā pea ka hiahiatia he āwhina mai i ngā momo tohunga hei rongoā i tēnei mate. Hei tauira, ka uru mai pea he tohunga roro, he tohunga endocrinology, he tohunga kaumātua rānei.
He momo hyponatremia kei reira?
Ae, ka taea te wehewehe i tēnei mate ki ētahi momo matua i runga i te āhua o tōna putanga mai. Ahakoa he kupu hauora ēnei, me ngana tātou ki te mārama ngāwari.
| Momo Hyponatremia | Hei whakarāpopototanga... |
|---|---|
| Hyponatremia Euvolemic | Ko te mea e tupu ana i tēnei, ahakoa he noa te taumata konutai i roto i te tinana, ka piki ake te nui o te wai. Ko te tikanga he nui rawa te wai e puritia ana e te tinana. |
| Hypovolemic Hyponatremia | I tēnei, ka ngaro te konutai me te wai i te tinana. Heoi, he nui ake te wai e ngaro ana i te konutai. (Hei tauira: te korere, te ruaki) |
| Hyponatremia Hypervolemic | I tēnei, ka piki ake ngā taumata konutai me te wai i roto i te tinana. Heoi, he nui ake te pikinga o ngā taumata wai i te konutai. |
| Hyponatremia Whakawaiwai | Ka puta tēnei ina nui rawa te wai e inumia ana e koe i roto i te wā poto, me te kore e whai i ngā electrolytes e tika ana. Ka waimeha te konutai i roto i tō toto. |
He aha ngā tohu o tēnei mate?
Ki te kore e tino iti ō taumata konutai, tērā pea kāore he tohu e pā mai ana ki a koe. I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta ngā tohu ina heke ohorere ngā taumata konutai.
I ngā āhuatanga noa me ngā āhuatanga kino, ka kitea pea ēnei tohu:
- Whakapairuaki me te ruaki
- Te ngenge nui, te ngoikore rānei mō te kore take
- Ānini
- Te whakamaumahara me te whakaaro pōrearea
- Te mamae o te uaua, te pakari, te wiri rānei
- Te āhua o te kore okiokinga, te riri
- Te ngoikore o te ngākau
Ko te mea nui ko te kōrero tonu atu ki tō tākuta mēnā kei a koe ēnei tohu, inā koa mēnā kei te mōrearea koe ki tēnei mate (hei tauira, mēnā kei te tango koe i ētahi rongoā). Mēnā he kino ngā tohu, hei tauira, he ruaki nui, he pōhēhē, he haurangi rānei, me haere tonu koe ki te tari ohorere o te hōhipera tata (ETU).
He aha te take e heke ai te konutai pēnei? He aha ngā take?
He maha ngā take ka pā ki tēnei. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi o ngā mea matua.
- Ētahi rongoā: Ka taea e ngā rongoā whakaheke toto, inā koa ko ngā "pire wai," ētahi rongoā ārai pouri, me ngā rongoā whakamamae te mea ka nui ake tō mimi me tō werawera i te tikanga. Ka taea e tēnei te heke o ō taumata konutai.
- Ngā raruraru hauora: Ka pāngia te tinana e te ngoikore o te ngākau, te mate tākihi, te mate ate rānei, ki te whakahaere i ngā wai, ka pāngia hoki ngā taumata konutai. Waihoki, mā te mate korere kino, te ruaki rānei, ka ngaro te konutai me te wai i te tinana.
- Ngā Tauritekore o ngā Homoni: He homoni kei reira hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā taumata konutai i roto i te tinana. I roto i te āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone), ka nui ake te wai e puritia ana e te tinana. Waihoki, i roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate a Addison, ka pāngia ngā homoni e whakahaere ana i te taurite tote. Ko te iti o ngā taumata homoni tairoi pea tētahi o ngā take.
- Inu nui rawa te wai: Ka taea e te inu nui rawa te wai te waimeha i te konutai i roto i ō toto. He pono rawa tēnei mō ngā kaitākaro e oma ana i ngā tawhiti roa, pērā i ngā marathon, nā te mea ka puta he nui te konutai i te werawera i a rātou e inu nui ana i te wai.
- Te nui o te inu waipiro: He rongoā whakaheke toto tūturu te waipiro. Ko te tikanga, ina inu waipiro koe, ka nui ake te mimi ka puta, ā, ka tangohia te konutai mai i tō tinana.
- Ngā Tarukino: Kua pūrongohia ka nui te hyponatremia e puta mai ana i ngā raau taero ture kore pēnei i te Ecstasy/Molly (MDMA).
- Ngā wera nui: Ka taea e ngā wera nui ki tētahi wāhanga nui o te tinana te whakararuraru i te toenga wai me te tote.
Ko wai te mea tino mōrearea ki tēnei mate?
Haunga ngā take kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ētahi tāngata ki te pāngia e tēnei mate.
- Tau: Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i tēnei mate i te pakeketanga. Nā te mea he nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga kaumātua ki te whakawhanake i ngā mate mau tonu. Ka pāngia hoki tēnei e ngā rongoā e tangohia ana e rātou.
- Ngā āhuatanga hauora o mua: Ko te hunga whai mate pēnei i te mate tākihi, te mate ngākau, te cirrhosis ate, te SIADH, me te mate huka insipidus he nui ake te mōrearea.
- Te korikori tinana kaha: Ko te hunga e inu nui ana i te wai i a rātou e mahi ana i ngā korikori tinana kaha, pērā i te marathon, kei roto i te mōrearea.
- Āhuarangi: I te tino werawera o te rangi, ka pāngia pea ngā taumata konutai e te nui haere o te werawera.
Me pēhea te kitenga a te tākuta i tēnei?
He uaua ki te whakaū i tēnei i runga i ngā tohumate anake, ka tonoa e tō tākuta ētahi whakamātautau toto me te mimi .
- Whakamātautau toto konutai: He wāhanga tēnei o te "pānuitanga pākia taketake" paerewa. Ka ine i te kukū o te konutai i roto i te toto.
- Whakamātautau osmolality toto: Ka ine tēnei i te nui o ngā matūriki rewa i roto i te toto, ā, ka āwhina ki te whakaū i te kore taurite o te tote.
- Te osmolality o te mimi: E ine ana i te kukū o ngā matū i roto i te mimi.
- Ngā whakamātautau konutai mimi: Mā te ine i te nui o te konutai i roto i te mimi, ka taea te whakatau mēnā he take kē atu tēnei mate ehara i te mea nā ngā whatukuhu.
Ka taea e te tākuta te whakatau tika i te mate mā te whai whakaaro ki ō tohu me tō hītori hauora me ēnei hua whakamātautau.
Me pēhea te rongoā?
Nā te mea he maha ngā take, ko te maimoatanga ka whakawhirinaki ki te take i puta ai tō mate me tōna kaha.
Ko te mea nui kia kaua e ngana ki te rongoā i tēnei mate i te kāinga. He mahi ātaahua, he mahi tupato hoki te whakataurite i ngā taumata o te konutai me te wai. Ka nui ake te mōrearea mēnā ka hē te mahi.
- Mena nā te rongoā e tangohia ana e koe tēnei āhuatanga i puta ai , tera pea ka taea e tō tākuta te whakarerekē i te rongoā, te whakaiti rānei i te horopeta.
- Mena nā tētahi atu mate hauora i puta mai, ko te mea nui ko te rongoā tika i taua mate.
- Mena he ohorere, he kino hoki tō āhua, me kawe pea koe ki te hōhipera mō te maimoatanga. Anei:
- Te hoatu i te tote (te wai konutai IV) hei whakanui mārire i ngā taumata konutai.
- Te hoatu rongoā hei whakahaere i ngā tohu pēnei i te ānini, te whakapairuaki, me te haurangi.
He mea morearea pea tēnei? He aha ngā raruraru?
Āe. Ko te hyponatremia whakapeka, arā, ko te hekenga tere o ngā taumata konutai, he tino morearea pea nā te mea ka tere te pupuhi o ngā pūtau roro. Koia te take,
- Te pupuhi tere o te roro
- Ngā mate hopuhopu
- Koma
- Ā, ka taea hoki te mate .
Hei tāpiri, kua kitea e ngā rangahau ka taea e te hyponatremia mō te wā roa te whakanui ake i te mōrearea o te osteoporosis me te whati wheua.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te hyponatremia he iti te taumata o te konutai (tote) i roto i te toto. He mea morearea pea tēnei i ētahi wā.
- He rerekē ngā take; ka taea hoki tēnei e ētahi rongoā, te mate o te ngākau, te mate whatukuhu, te mate ate, ngā raruraru homoni, me te inu nui i te wai.
- Kia mataara ki ngā tohu pēnei i te whakapairuaki, te ānini, te ngenge, me te kore okiokinga. Mēnā ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu kino (te pōhēhē, te haurangi), haere tonu ki te hōhipera (ETU).
- Kaua rawa e rongoā i tēnei māu ake. Me toro atu ki tō tākuta i ngā wā katoa.
- He mea nui te inu wai, engari he mea nui te taurite. Inu wai ina matewai koe. Mena he kōwhai mārama tō mimi, tera pea kei te nui te wai e riro ana i a koe.
- Mena kei te mahi koe i ngā mahi whakakori tinana taumaha, pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā inu hākinakina kei roto te konutai.
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