ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? (Humerus Fracture)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯑꯣꯍ ꯃꯥꯏ! ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ `(Humerus Fracture )` (Humerus Fracture )` (Humerus Fracture )` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ `(Humerus Fracture)` ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤ!

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ `(Humerus)` ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯎꯞ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ, `(Humerus)`꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ `(Humerus Fracture)` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥ)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ, ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ:

ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯕꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (transverse fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯕꯔꯁ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯕꯂꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (Oblique fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯔꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (Spiral fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯦꯒꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (segmental fracture): ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ .
• ꯀꯃꯤꯅꯤꯎꯇꯦꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (comminuted fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯇꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• (ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ): ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• (Buckle fracture / Torus fracture): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯦ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• (ꯍꯦꯌꯥꯔꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ / ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ:

• ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (Stress fracture): ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯚꯂꯁꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (Avulsion fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯣꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ: `(Supracondylar humerus fractures)`꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ``ꯁꯨꯞꯔꯥꯀꯣꯟꯗꯤꯂꯥꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ'' ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯂꯒꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯏ, ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ? (`ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯕꯅꯥꯝ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ`)

ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

• (Open fracture): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫
• (ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ): ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ `ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? (`ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ`)

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ `ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ` ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `ꯅꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ` ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (displaced fracture): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
• (ꯅꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ (`Humerus`) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

• ꯃꯐꯝ (`ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯁꯟ - ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ`): ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫
• (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ . ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, `ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
• (ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ `ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯇꯣꯃꯤ (Anatomy): ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ), ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ (ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛꯇ (ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯔꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ, ꯀꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ . ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ 10%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ) ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯃꯀꯣꯀꯊꯣꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ (ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ)꯫

ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ (`Pain`) .
• ꯄꯣꯝꯈꯠꯄ
• ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯅꯦꯁ ( ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ) .
• ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯝꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ : ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯁꯦꯄꯁ (front muscle) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯁꯦꯄꯁ (back muscle)꯫
• ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯅꯔꯚ, ꯎꯂꯅꯥꯔ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯕꯣꯅꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ : ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ (ꯃꯦꯟ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥ)ꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

• ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ - ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ - ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫

`ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

` ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯫`` ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ``ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ`` ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

ꯆꯍꯤ 50 ꯁꯨꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯐꯖꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯖꯣꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ (MRI): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯃꯤꯅꯤꯎꯇꯦꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤꯅꯣ, ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ .

ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ `ꯅꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁꯗ` (ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯕꯥ) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ `ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ` ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ` ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ `ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ` ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯍꯨꯝꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ `ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ` ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 6ꯗꯒꯤ 8 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ `ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ (proximal end)ꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯦꯅꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ (`ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯔꯤꯗꯛꯁꯟ`)

ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ, ``ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯔꯤꯗꯛꯁꯟ'' ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ:

• ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ (ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ)꯫
• ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ (`ꯁꯦꯗꯦꯇꯤꯚ`)꯫
• ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯇꯨꯝꯃꯨ (`ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ`)꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯔꯤꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` (`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ`)ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ `ꯁꯦꯠ` ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ `ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ` ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ (`ꯙꯥꯇꯨ`) ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ . ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

`ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ`ꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯔꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ: ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ (`ꯑꯥꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ`)

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ (joint replacement) ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯊꯦꯁꯤꯁ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ, ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ - ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip bone)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯗꯣꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ (`ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯅꯔ`)꯫
• ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ, ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ`ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯕꯨꯞꯔꯣꯐꯦꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ NSAIDꯁꯤꯡ (ꯅꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

NSAIDꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯂꯁꯔ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯌꯥꯝꯄ, ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ (ACS): ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯥꯂꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ: ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯃꯤꯟꯅꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ꯫
• ꯅꯟ-ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ: ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ (Osteomyelitis): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡ: ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ`ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯇꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ:

• ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯕꯦꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ .
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ .
• ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯌꯥꯔ, ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 50ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ꯕꯦꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ .

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ `ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯅꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ` ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯂꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ, ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ - ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ - ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ:

• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯣꯝꯈꯠꯄ.
• ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯐꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯥꯎꯒꯅꯨ:

• ꯑꯩꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ ! (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯁ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯒꯣ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯊꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯏꯐ-ꯄꯥꯎꯖꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯖꯔꯤ!

` ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ, ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯕꯣꯟ, ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ꯫