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ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯔꯟ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯔꯤ, ‘ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ’ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ .

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ . ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ꯫
ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ) ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ (ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ)꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, [...]ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ (ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯁꯣꯜ) ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯗꯦꯐꯤꯅꯤꯁꯟ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ (꯳ꯗꯤ) ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯨꯄꯔ ꯇꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ꯫

1. ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ : ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯃꯐꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ: ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

3. ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ 4 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ 5 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

꯴.ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

꯵.ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯝꯂꯤ, ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ꯫ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫
ꯏꯂꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯦꯛꯇ꯫ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥ) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ (ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯦꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯔꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ (reservoir) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ (stoma) ꯑꯃꯒꯥꯁꯨ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯅꯤꯑꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ “ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ” (Neobladder) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ : ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ .
  • ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯗꯣꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫
  • ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ: ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯄꯛꯄ
  • ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯁꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯖꯦꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯖꯦꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯔꯣꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯖꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

  • ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU) ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

  • ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ) ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯨ꯫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ, ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥ, ꯅꯤꯑꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫
ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫সেপ্টেম্বর ৯, ২০২৫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯔꯟ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯔꯤ, ‘ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ’ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ .

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ . ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ꯫
ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ) ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ (ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ)꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, [...]ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ (ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯁꯣꯜ) ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯗꯦꯐꯤꯅꯤꯁꯟ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ (꯳ꯗꯤ) ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯨꯄꯔ ꯇꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ꯫

1. ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ : ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯃꯐꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ: ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

3. ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ 4 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ 5 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

꯴.ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

꯵.ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯝꯂꯤ, ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ꯫ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫
ꯏꯂꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯦꯛꯇ꯫ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥ) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ (ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯦꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯔꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ (reservoir) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ (stoma) ꯑꯃꯒꯥꯁꯨ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯅꯤꯑꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ “ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ” (Neobladder) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ : ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ .
  • ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯗꯣꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫
  • ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ: ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯄꯛꯄ
  • ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯁꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯖꯦꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯖꯦꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯔꯣꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯖꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

  • ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU) ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

  • ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ) ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯨ꯫

ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ, ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥ, ꯅꯤꯑꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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