Skip to main content

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥꯅꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ , ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝ꯫

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ...

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯹꯰% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯷% ꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ . ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯛ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip bones)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯀꯞ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ, ꯂꯪꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:
  • ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ...ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .
  • ꯂꯣ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ . ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯁꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯶ꯁꯨꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯹꯰% ꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ . ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 7% ꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 65 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 74ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ , ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ (hematuria) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ :

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ:
  • ꯆꯨꯔꯨꯠ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ: ꯁꯤꯒꯥꯔꯦꯠ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏ, ꯔꯕ꯭ꯕꯔ, ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯒꯨꯗꯁ, ꯄꯦꯟꯇ, ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯈꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ:
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ (Urinalysis): ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯆꯨ, ꯆꯤꯅꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ, ꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯄꯥꯏꯂꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (IVP): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ (ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯦꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Ureteroscopy): ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ (ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯎꯇꯦꯗ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ - ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ): ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ: ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ (ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯤꯀꯆꯔ (ꯁꯣꯅꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ) ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.

ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯛꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯈꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ) ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯃꯁꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ , ꯅꯟ-ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯫
  • ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ: ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯅꯟ-ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ (non-muscle-invasive): ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ: ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 7% ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ/ꯌꯨꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ - ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯀꯥꯚꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ (ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ)ꯗꯒꯤ, ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫

  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ 0: ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯦꯄꯤꯂꯦꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯏꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ .
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ 1): ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯱.ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: (ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ II ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ IVꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ) ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ, ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯣꯇꯦꯔꯤ (ꯐꯨꯂꯒꯨꯔꯦꯁꯟ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤ꯫
  • ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯅꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯑꯣꯑꯦꯕꯂꯦꯁꯟ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯂꯦꯁꯟ: ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯣ?

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ, ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ) ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯨꯛ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯠꯌꯨꯠ (ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯸ꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯹꯶%ꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 77%ꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯎꯠꯂꯨꯛ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ (ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ (꯲꯰꯱꯸)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯹꯳%ꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯷꯶.꯵%ꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:
  • ꯆꯨꯔꯨꯠ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯡ-ꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ-ꯑꯞ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ, ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ:
  • ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ) ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯗꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ . ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ! ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.

Add Your Comment

Please calculate: 5 + 1 =
ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!
ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ꯫ডিসেম্বর ৪, ২০২৫

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥꯅꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ , ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝ꯫

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ...

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯹꯰% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯷% ꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ . ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯛ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip bones)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯀꯞ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ, ꯂꯪꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:
  • ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ...ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .
  • ꯂꯣ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ . ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯁꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯶ꯁꯨꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯹꯰% ꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ . ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 7% ꯗꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 65 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 74ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ , ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ (hematuria) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ :

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ:
  • ꯆꯨꯔꯨꯠ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ: ꯁꯤꯒꯥꯔꯦꯠ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏ, ꯔꯕ꯭ꯕꯔ, ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯒꯨꯗꯁ, ꯄꯦꯟꯇ, ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯈꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ:
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ (Urinalysis): ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯆꯨ, ꯆꯤꯅꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ, ꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯄꯥꯏꯂꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (IVP): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ (ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯦꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Ureteroscopy): ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ (ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯎꯇꯦꯗ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ - ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ): ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ: ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ (ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯤꯀꯆꯔ (ꯁꯣꯅꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ) ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.

ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯛꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯈꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ) ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯃꯁꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ , ꯅꯟ-ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯫
  • ꯅꯟ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ: ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯅꯟ-ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ (non-muscle-invasive): ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯜ-ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ: ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 7% ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ/ꯌꯨꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ - ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯀꯥꯚꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ (ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ)ꯗꯒꯤ, ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫

  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ 0: ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯦꯄꯤꯂꯦꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯏꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ .
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ 1): ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯱.ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
  • ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: (ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ II ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ IVꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ) ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ, ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯣꯇꯦꯔꯤ (ꯐꯨꯂꯒꯨꯔꯦꯁꯟ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤ꯫
  • ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯅꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯑꯣꯑꯦꯕꯂꯦꯁꯟ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
  • ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯂꯦꯁꯟ: ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫

  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯣ?

ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ, ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ) ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯨꯛ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯠꯌꯨꯠ (ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯸ꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯹꯶%ꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 77%ꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯎꯠꯂꯨꯛ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ (ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ (꯲꯰꯱꯸)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯹꯳%ꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯷꯶.꯵%ꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:
  • ꯆꯨꯔꯨꯠ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯡ-ꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ-ꯑꯞ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ, ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ:
  • ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ) ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯗꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ . ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ! ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.

Add Your Comment

Please calculate: 5 + 1 =