Tiyeni tikambirane za mafuta m'thupi lanu. Kodi mafuta m'thupi ndi chiyani?

Moni! Muli bwanji? Lero tikambirana za chinthu chomwe chili mkati mwa matupi athu, koma nthawi zambiri sitimadziwa zambiri za icho. Chimenecho chimatchedwa mafuta . Mwina munamvapo za 'cholesterol'. Ndicho chimene mafuta awa ali. Musadandaule, ndikufotokozerani izi m'njira yosavuta.

Kodi mafuta m'thupi ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.

Taganizirani izi, mafuta ndi gulu la mankhwala m'thupi lathu, monga mafuta ndi sera . Amagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Chinthu chapadera ndichakuti mafuta awa sasungunuka m'madzi. Ali ngati mafuta oyandama pamadzi. Mafuta awa amapangidwa ndi matupi athu.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya lipids m'thupi lathu ndi iti?

Ponena za mafuta, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili zazikulu.

1. Cholesterol

Mwina mwamvapo mawu oti 'cholesterol' kwambiri, sichoncho? Uwu ndi mtundu wa mafuta. Matupi athu nawonso amafunikira. Kodi mukudziwa chifukwa chake? Cholesterol imathandiza thupi kuyamwa mafuta ndi mavitamini muzakudya zomwe timadya ndikupanga mahomoni.

Koma nayi nkhani. Cholesterol ndi mtundu wina wa mafuta otchedwa triglycerides sakonda madzi, kotero sangathe kuyenda m'magazi okha. Zili ngati wina akuopa madzi. Choncho amaphatikizana ndi mapuloteni kuti apange magalimoto otchedwa lipoproteins . Amenewo ndi magalimoto omwe amawanyamula m'thupi lonse.

Tsopano mwina mwamvapo za mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya lipoproteins:

• Ma HDL (High-Density Lipoproteins) - "cholesterol yabwino"

Izi zimapangidwa ndi chiwindi chathu ndi matumbo ang'onoang'ono pamodzi. HDL imabwezeretsa cholesterol yosafunikira ku chiwindi. Chiwindi chimaisintha kukhala bile acid ndikuichotsa m'thupi. Sikuti zokhazo, HDL imalimbananso ndi kutupa, magazi kuundana, komanso okosijeni . Ndicho chifukwa chake imatchedwa "yabwino."

• LDL (Ma lipoprotein Ochepa Kwambiri) - "cholesterol yoyipa"

Chiwindi chathu chimapanganso mtundu wotchedwa VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoproteins) . Ma VLDL awa amanyamula ma triglycerides kuchokera ku chiwindi kupita ku maselo ena. Tsopano, ma VLDL awa akamaliza kupereka ma triglycerides ndi cholesterol kumalo ena, amalemera pang'ono ndikukhala LDL. LDL imeneyo ndi cholesterol "yoyipa". Chifukwa, LDL iyi imatha kumamatira ku makoma a mitsempha yathu yamagazi . Kenako magazi amatha kutsekedwa, ndipo magazi amatha kulepheretsedwa.

2. Ma triglyceride

Uwu ndi mtundu wina waukulu wa mafuta m'thupi lathu. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikusunga mphamvu ndikuzipereka pakafunika kutero . Ma calories owonjezera omwe timapeza kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe timadya amasungidwa m'thupi ngati triglycerides.

Kodi mafuta amathandiza bwanji matupi athu?

Pali mitundu yambiri ya mafuta m'thupi, ndipo mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ntchito yake yosiyana m'thupi lathu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

• Ma triglycerides:Izi zimasunga mphamvu ndikuzitulutsa zikafunika.
• Mahomoni a steroid: Izi zimathandiza maselo athu kutumiza mauthenga. Awaganize ngati anthu otumiza mauthenga m'thupi lathu.
• Mchere wa bile, womwe umapangidwa kuchokera ku cholesterol: Izi zimathandiza kusungunula mafuta omwe ali muzakudya zomwe timadya, kutanthauza kuti, zimathandiza kugaya.
• Mafuta acids: Izi zimasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ndipo zimapanga mphamvu.
• Ma phospholipid ndi cholesterol: Zonsezi pamodzi zimapanga chophimba chakunja cha maselo athu, kapena nembanemba yachilengedwe . Ma phospholipid awa ali ngati alonda. Amalola zinthu zina kulowa mu selo, koma zinthu zina zimaloledwa kulowa ndi thandizo la mapuloteni.

Mwachidule, mafuta ndi ofunikira pa selo lililonse m'thupi lathu, zomwe zimathandiza pafupifupi njira iliyonse.

Kodi mafuta m'thupi lathu amapezeka kuti?

Ma lipid amapezeka m'magazi athu, komanso kulikonse m'thupi lathu. Selo lililonse m'thupi lanu lili ndi mafuta.

Kodi mafuta opangidwa ndi chiyani?

Ma lipid amapangidwa ndi zinthu monga mpweya, kaboni, ndi haidrojeni . Ma lipid, monga cholesterol, ndi gawo la nembanemba ya maselo athu. Amapatsa maselo mawonekedwe awo ndipo amawongolera kuyenda kwa zinthu kulowa ndi kutuluka m'maselo.

Kodi matenda ofala kwambiri okhudzana ndi lipids ndi ati?

Kawirikawiri, thupi lathu limatha kupanga kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe limafunikira. Komabe, nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa mafuta amenewa kungakhale kochepa kwambiri kapena kokwera kwambiri. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo angabuke.

• Hyperlipidemia: Izi zikutanthauza kuwonjezeka kwa milingo ya lipid m'magazi.
• Hypolipidemia: Izi zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'magazi.
• Hypercholesterolemia: Mu izi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kokha kumawonjezeka.
• Matenda a atherosclerosis: Monga tanenera kale, chomwe chimachitika pamenepa ndichakuti zinthu monga cholesterol yoyipa zimayikidwa m'mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makoma amitsemphayo achuluke komanso ang'onoang'ono.
• Matenda a mitsempha ya mtima: Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene magazi oterewa akupezeka m'mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: Apa ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa triglyceride kumawonjezeka.

Kodi zizindikiro za mavuto a lipid ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi mafuta ambiri m'magazi sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse . Ndicho chinthu choopsa kwambiri. Komabe, ngati mafuta ambiri m'thupi ali pamwamba kwambiri, zizindikiro zina zingawonekere:

• Xanthelasma: Matumbo achikasu amawonekera pakhungu lozungulira maso.
• Xanthoma: Cholesterol imayikidwa pansi pa khungu, ndikupanga ziphuphu.
• Corneal arcus:Zikuoneka ngati mphete yoyera yozungulira diso.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi nthawi ndi nthawi, monga momwe dokotala wanu adalangizira, ngakhale ngati palibe zizindikiro.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi anu?

Dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti muyeze kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'magazi , kapena kuti lipid profile , yomwe imayesa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi triglycerides m'magazi anu.

Muyenera kusala kudya kwa maola pafupifupi 12 musanachite mayesowa. Mukatero ndiye kuti mungapeze zotsatira zolondola. N'zosavuta kuchita izi koyamba m'mawa, chifukwa sitimadya usiku pamene tikugona.

Komanso, kuchita mayesowa mukadwala kapena mukuvutika maganizo sikudzapereka zotsatira zolondola. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, muyeneranso kuuza dokotala wanu za izi.

Kuyeza lipids kungapatse dokotala wanu lingaliro la chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a mtima .

• Ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse kuli pamwamba pa 200 mg/dL (mamiligalamu pa decilita imodzi) , ndipo kuchuluka kwa LDL (cholesterol yoyipa) kuli pamwamba pa 130 mg/dL , chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chimawonjezeka.
• Madokotala amalangiza anthu omwe kale anali ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima kapena omwe adadwala sitiroko kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi.
• Ndi bwino kwambiri kukhala ndi HDL (cholesterol yabwino) ya 60 mg/dL kapena kuposerapo, chifukwa HDL imathandiza kuchotsa LDL.

Kodi mankhwala a lipid ndi ati?

Ngati mafuta m'thupi lanu ndi okwera ndipo muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Mankhwala a Statin
• Zosakaniza za asidi ya bile
• Ma Fibrate
• Zoletsa za PCSK9

Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala walamula.

Zinthu zosavuta zomwe tingachite kuti tisunge milingo ya lipid yabwino

Mwamwayi, mwa kusintha pang'ono moyo wathu, titha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi ndikuwasunga pamlingo wabwino.

• Chepetsani kudya ma calories: Mukadya ma calories ochulukirapo kuposa momwe mukufunira, ma calories owonjezerawo amasungidwa m'thupi ngati triglycerides.
• Chepetsani mafuta okhuta: Izi zimapezeka kwambiri m'zakudya monga mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ambiri.
• Sankhani tirigu wonse, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Ndi bwino kwambiri kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera masiku 5 pa sabata, kwa mphindi 30 patsiku.
• Gonani bwino: Gonani maola osachepera 7-9 usiku uliwonse.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera komwe kungakuyenerereni.
• Siyani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya: Kusuta fodya kungathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa HDL (cholesterol yabwino) ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa LDL (cholesterol yoyipa).

Kumbukirani, simungathe kuchita zonsezi usiku umodzi. Yesetsani kukulitsa zizolowezi zimenezi pang'onopang'ono.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Mafuta opangidwa m'thupi ndi ofunikira kwambiri m'maselo a thupi lathu komanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, ngati mitundu ina ya mafuta, makamaka LDL cholesterol ndi triglycerides, ikwera kwambiri, zingayambitse matenda aakulu monga matenda a mtima.

Choncho, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe za chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mitsempha yamagazi. Komanso, funsani kuti muyenera kuyeza lipid panel kangati. Dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kusunga lipid yanu mkati mwa malire oyenera. Thanzi lanu lili m'manja mwanu!

Mafuta , cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, matenda a mtima, moyo wathanzi