Kodi mukufunanso kudziwa za khansa ya m'magazi iyi? Tiyeni tikambirane za khansa ya m'magazi ya Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AMoL)!

Kodi mudamvapo za Acute Monocytic Leukemia, kapena AMoL? Dzinali lingamveke lachilendo pang'ono, koma ndi mtundu wa khansa womwe umakhudza magazi. Tangoganizirani ngati china chake chalakwika m'thupi lathu popanga magazi, ndipo m'malo mwa maselo athanzi amagazi, maselo a khansa amayamba kupangidwa? Ndicho chomwe chimachitika. Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi nkhani yofunikira, tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi matenda otchedwa Acute Monocytic Leukemia ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AMoL) ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe ili m'gulu la leukemia lotchedwa Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Mukudziwa kuti leukemia ndi khansa ya m'magazi. Chifukwa chake AMoL iyi ndi khansa ya m'magazi . Imachitika pamene pali vuto pakupanga maselo a m'magazi mkati mwa thupi lathu. Kunena zoona, maselo osakhwima omwe ayenera kukhala maselo athanzi a m'magazi, ndiko kuti, maselo otchedwa blasts , amasintha ndikukhala maselo a khansa.

Mu AMoL, maselo osakhwima awa, kapena kuphulika, amaimitsidwa pamene akukula kukhala mtundu wa maselo oyera amagazi otchedwa monocytes . Komabe, m'malo mokhala ma monocytes athanzi, amakakamira pa siteji yosakhwima, kapena kuphulika, ndipo amakhala maselo a khansa.

Khansa ya m'magazi ya monocytic ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri, yomwe imafalikira mofulumira . Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kupeza chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha vuto lanu. Musadandaule, tikambirana izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi pali mitundu ya izi?

Inde, Bungwe la Zaumoyo Padziko Lonse (WHO) limagawa AMoL kutengera mtundu wa selo lomwe limakhala khansa (monga monocytes). Limatchedwanso AML-M5 malinga ndi dongosolo lakale la French-American-British (FAB). Pansi pa dongosololi, AML-M5 imagawidwanso m'magulu awiri:

Khansa ya m'magazi ya monoblastic (AML-M5a)

Mu mtundu uwu, osachepera 80% ya maselo amakhala ndi khansa asanayambe kukula mokwanira. Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umapezeka mwa ana aang'ono ndi achinyamata .

Khansa ya m'magazi ya monocytic (AML-M5b)

Pachifukwa ichi, maselo osazolowereka kwambiri amakhala khansa pamlingo wapamwamba pang'ono wa kukula kwa maselo. Mtundu uwu sukhudza gulu linalake la msinkhu .

Magulu amenewa amathandiza madokotala kuzindikira matendawa. Komabe, mtundu wina si woopsa kwambiri kuposa wina. Zonsezi ndi matenda omwe amafunika chisamaliro chofanana.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za AMoL nthawi zambiri zimawonekera ndipo zimakula mofulumira . Nazi zina mwa zizindikiro:

• Kutupa ndi kutuluka magazi mosavutaKupezeka (kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi, ndi zina zotero) Tangoganizirani kuti mwavulala kwambiri ngakhale mutangogunda penapake, kapena m'kamwa mwanu mumatuluka magazi ambiri mukamatsuka mano anu.
• Madontho ang'onoang'ono, ofiirira, ofiira, kapena ofiirira pansi pa khungu ( petechiae ). Izi zingawoneke ngati ziphuphu zazing'ono, koma kwenikweni ndi madontho a magazi omwe akutuluka pansi pa khungu.
• Kutupa kwa chingamu kapena kukula kwambiri kwa minofu ya chingamu.
• Kufooka ndi kutopa kwambiri . Kungomva ngati ulibe mphamvu. Kumva kutopa ngakhale utadzuka m'mawa.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Chakudyacho sichikoma.
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa . Ngati mukuchepetsa thupi popanda kuchepetsa thupi, ndi chinthu choyenera kusamala nacho.
• Khungu lotumbululuka.
• Chizungulire.
• Malungo.

Nthawi zina, khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa kwambiri ingakhudze ubongo wanu ndi dongosolo lanu la mitsempha . Ngati izi zitachitika, mungakumane ndi zizindikiro monga kuvutika kukumbukira ndi kuyang'ana kwambiri.

N’chifukwa chiyani matenda amtunduwu amapezeka?

Akatswiri azachipatala sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa AMoL. Koma akuganiziridwa kuti imayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini , kapena kusintha kwa DNA ya maselo. Kusintha kumeneku ndi komwe kumapangitsa selo lathanzi kukhala khansa.

Ofufuza apeza kuti mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi AMoL, pali vuto la majini lotchedwa chromosome rearrangement. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chidutswa cha chromosome imodzi chimasweka ndikulumikizana ndi chromosome ina. Izi zimatchedwa chromosome translocation . Vutoli lingayambitse selo kusiya kukula ngati monocyte ndikukhala selo la khansa. Liganizireni ngati chinthu chomwe chalakwika.

Kafukufuku wokhudza kusintha kwa majini kumeneku akupitirirabe. Kumvetsetsa majini omwe ali kumbuyo kwa khansa kudzathandiza akatswiri kupanga njira zabwino zothanirana nayo.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingachititse kuti matendawa ayambe?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo chotenga Acute Monocytic Leukemia. Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Kusuta fodya komanso kusuta fodya kwa anthu ena . Ngakhale simukusuta, kukhala pafupi ndi anthu omwe amasuta fodya nakonso n'koopsa.
• Ngati mudalandirapo chithandizo cha khansa kale, mwachitsanzo chemotherapy ndi radiation therapy.
• Kukumana ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa kwa nthawi yayitali, monga mankhwala monga benzene ndi formaldehyde (omwe amapezeka m'mafakitale ndi utoto wina).
• Kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa pambuyo pa ngozi ya nyukiliya kapena bomba la atomiki.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a majini omwe amafalikira m'mibadwo yambiri, mwachitsanzo , matenda a Li-Fraumeni .
• Ngati muli ndi matenda okhudzana ndi mafuta am'mafupa, monga myeloproliferative neoplasms .

Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kukhala ndi chiopsezo sikutanthauza kuti mudzadwala khansa . Komabe, ndi bwino kupewa zoopsa zomwe mungathe kuziletsa, monga kusasuta fodya.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angayambitse matendawa?

Mukakhala ndi AMoL, maselo osazolowereka amatha kudziunjikira m'mafupa anu. Monga mukudziwa, m'mafupa ndi komwe maselo amagazi amapangidwa. Chifukwa chake maselo a khansa akamakula, amadzaza maselo athanzi amagazi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti maselo ofiira amagazi, maselo oyera amagazi, ndi ma platelet achepe, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi : Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira a magazi. Izi zingayambitse kutopa ndi kufiira.
• Neutropenia : Kuchepa kwa ma neutrophils, mtundu wa maselo oyera a magazi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda.
• Thrombocytopenia : Kuchepa kwa ma platelet, komwe kumathandiza kuti magazi aziundana. Izi zingayambitse magazi ambiri ngakhale chifukwa cha kuvulala pang'ono.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matendawa?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo kuti adziwe AML. Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization, munthu amaonedwa kuti ali ndi AML ngati 20% kapena kuposerapo maselo awo a m'magazi ndi osakhwima, maselo osakhwima. Komanso, oposa 80% a maselo osakhazikikawo ayenera kukhala ma monocytes kapena monocyte precursors.

Dokotala wanu adzatenga magazi, kapena chitsanzo cha minofu, madzi, kapena mafuta a m'mafupa. Izi zimayesedwadi mu labu.

Mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira AMoL ndi awa:

• Kuyezetsa magazi : Kuyezetsa magazi konse (CBC ) kungasonyeze zizindikiro za AMoL, monga kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi. Kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi kungayang'ane maselo osazolowereka.
• Kufufuza za mafupa : Pa mayeso awa, dokotala wanu amatenga chitsanzo cha minofu kapena madzi ochokera m'fupa lanu (nthawi zambiri fupa lanu la m'chiuno). Kenako chitsanzocho chimafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti aone ngati pali maselo a khansa. Izi zitha kukhala zopweteka pang'ono, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu adziwe matenda.
• Kugwira msana : Kuti aone ngati maselo a khansa afalikira ku ubongo kapena m'mitsempha yapakati, dokotala amatenga chitsanzo cha madzi a msana wanu ndikuchiyesa.
• Kujambula Thupi la Munthu: Kuyesa kumeneku kumayang'ana mapuloteni enaake pamwamba pa maselo. Mapuloteni awa amathandiza kuzindikira maselo ngati maselo a AMoL.
• Kusanthula kwa cytogenic : Mtundu uwu wa kusanthula umayang'ana kusintha kwa ma chromosome kapena kukonzedwanso kwa maselo omwe ali mkati mwa maselo omwe amagwirizana ndi AMoL.

Kodi chithandizo cha izi ndi chiyani?

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikuchepetsa khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mpaka kufika poti palibe maselo a khansa m'mafupa kapena m'magazi. Koma izi siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi mankhwala . Mankhwala ndi mkhalidwe womwe khansa yatha kwathunthu ndipo sinabwererenso.

Mankhwala a Chemotherapy

Chithandizo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'magazi ya monocytic ndi chemotherapy . Izi zitha kuphatikizapo magawo otsatirawa:

• Chithandizo choyambitsa matenda : Chithandizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophatikizana a chemotherapy kuti AMoL ibwerere mwakale. Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magawo angapo omwe amatenga masiku angapo, ndipo amafunika kupitanso mobwerezabwereza.
• Chithandizo chophatikiza : Mu chithandizochi, mupitiliza kulandira mankhwala amphamvu a chemotherapy kuti muphe maselo otsala a khansa. Izi zichepetsa mwayi woti maselo a khansa abwererenso. Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimatenga miyezi itatu mpaka inayi, kwa masiku angapo.
• Chithandizo chosamalira : Pambuyo pa chithandizo chokhazikika, mungafunike mankhwala a chemo ochepa kwa miyezi ingapo kapena zaka zingapo.

Chithandizo cholunjika

Chithandizochi chimayang'ana kusintha kwa maselo a khansa kapena kusintha kwa maselo a khansa. Ngati chemotherapy sinagwire ntchito, mungafunike chithandizo cholunjika . Kapena, ngati pali kusintha kwa majini m'maselo a khansa, mungapatsidwe mankhwala olunjika omwe amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi kusinthako.

Kusamutsa maselo oyambira

Njira yokhayo yochiritsira khansa ya m'magazi ya acute monocytic ndi kuyika maselo oyambira a allogeneic . Izi zingafunike mukangoyamba kuchira. Kapena, ngati khansa yabwerera mukangoyamba kuchira, kuyika kumeneku kungachitike. Mu njira iyi, dokotala amalowa m'malo mwa maselo oyambira anu ndi maselo oyambira ochokera kwa wopereka. Nthawi zambiri, woperekayo amakhala wofanana kwambiri ndi magazi ake. Kapena, akhoza kukhala wopereka wosagwirizana ndi wina aliyense pa kaundula wa dziko kapena wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Koma si aliyense amene angapatsidwe stem cell. Zingayambitsenso mavuto aakulu. Ngati dokotala wanu akulangizani, adzakufotokozerani zabwino ndi zoyipa zake.

Mayeso azachipatala

Kuyesa kuchipatala ndi kafukufuku amene amayesa chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya mankhwala atsopano. Kutengera ndi matenda anu, iyi ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati muyenera kutenga nawo mbali mu kuyesa kuchipatala.

Kodi mumakhala bwanji ndi vutoli? / Kodi mwayi wochira ndi wotani?

Chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa (AMoL) nthawi zambiri chimakhala chofanana ndi cha munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa (AML). Pafupifupi anthu atatu mwa khumi omwe ali ndi AMoL amakhalabe ndi moyo zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi matendawa .

Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ziwerengerozi sizikuwonetsa njira zatsopano zochiritsira. Mankhwala atsopano amalola anthu kukhala ndi moyo wautali ndi AMoL. Komanso, nthawi yomwe mukuyembekezera, kapena mwayi wochira, zimadalira zinthu zingapo. Mwachitsanzo:

• Zaka : Anthu osakwana zaka 65 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wochira ku AMoL.
• Kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi : Anthu omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwa maselo oyera m'magazi amakhala ndi mwayi wabwino wochira.
• Yankho la chithandizo : Ngati munthu achira pambuyo pa chithandizo choyamba cha chemotherapy (induction chemotherapy), mwayi wochira umakhala waukulu.

Kodi mumadzisamalira bwanji?

Kukhala ndi khansa ya m'magazi kungakhale kovuta . Ngakhale mutachira, mungafunikebe kuthana ndi mantha akuti khansa ibwereranso. Mungafunikenso kuthana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa za nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha chithandizo cha khansa. Njira yabwino yodzisamalira ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu zonse zomwe zilipo . Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Mapulogalamu opulumutsa anthu ku khansa : Kulumikizana ndi anthu ena omwe ali ndi khansa kungakuthandizeni kupeza chithandizo chomwe mukufuna ndikukuthandizani kumva ngati simuli nokha.
• Chisamaliro cha matenda ofooketsa : Chisamaliro cha matenda ofooketsa chimakuthandizani kuthana ndi zizindikiro za khansa komanso zotsatirapo za chithandizo cha khansa. Kaya muli ndi matenda otani, ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
• Chithandizo : Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa amakumana ndi nkhawa komanso kuvutika maganizo. Mutha kupeza thandizo pokumana ndi mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo yemwe amagwira ntchito ndi omwe adapulumuka khansa. Mlangizi angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi nkhawa za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha matenda a khansa.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse kuti muwone momwe mukumvera mukalandira chithandizo. Adzakudziwitsani ngati pali kusintha kulikonse m'thupi lanu komwe kungasonyeze kuti khansa ikubwereranso. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu popanda kubisa chilichonse .

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Nazi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu:

• Ndi chithandizo chanji chomwe ndikufunika?
• Ndi zotsatirapo ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuyembekezera, ndipo ndingazithetse bwanji?
• Kodi ndiyenera kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati kudzakumana ndi dokotala wotsatira?
• Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingandithandize?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Kupeza kuti inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi yotchedwa acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) kungakhale kodabwitsa. Khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda aakulu, ndipo mankhwala ake akhoza kukhala ovuta. Mwina mudzalandira chithandizo chamankhwala kangapo masiku, milungu, ndi miyezi ikubwerayi.

Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira izi: Mankhwalawa akuthandiza anthu kukhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa kale lonse . Kwa ena, mankhwalawa amatha kuthetseratu khansa. Funsani dokotala wanu zotsatira zomwe mungayembekezere. Kambiranani nawo za zabwino ndi zoyipa za njira iliyonse yothandizira. Angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zomwe zikubwera.

Kumbukirani izi: Simuli nokha paulendowu. Madokotala, abale, ndi abwenzi onse alipo kuti akuthandizeni. Khalani olimba mtima!

` Acute monocytic leukemia, AMoL, khansa ya m'magazi, zizindikiro za leukemia, chemotherapy, kusamutsa mafupa, chithandizo cha khansa