Kodi muli ndi khansa ya adrenal gland yanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi (Adrenocortical Carcinoma)!

Kodi mukumva kupweteka m'mimba kapena kunenepa mwadzidzidzi? Nthawi zina izi zingayambitsidwe ndi vuto lomwe sitilankhula zambiri, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa. Ndi vuto lotchedwa Adrenocortical Carcinoma . Musadandaule, dzinalo lingamveke lovuta pang'ono, koma tiyeni tipitirizebe kulimvetsa.

Kodi Adrenocortical Carcinoma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, khansa ya adrenocortical ndi khansa yomwe imayamba kunja kwa glands yanu ya adrenal , adrenal cortex . Ganizirani glands izi ngati zipewa ziwiri zazing'ono pamwamba pa impso zanu. Ndi zofunika kwambiri chifukwa zimapanga mahomoni omwe amalamulira zinthu zambiri m'thupi lathu, kuphatikizapo kagayidwe kathu ka chakudya , kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso momwe timachitira ndi nkhawa.

Tsopano, pankhani iyi ya khansa ya adrenocortical, zotupa za khansa zimakula m'ma adrenal glands awa. Nthawi zina zotupazi zimatha kupanga mahomoni ambiri osazolowereka. Kenako mahomoni m'thupi amawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zingakhudze momwe thupi lathu limagwirira ntchito. Zotupa zina zimatha kukula mwachangu kwambiri ndipo zimathanso kukakamiza ziwalo zina zozungulira. Ngakhale madokotala nthawi zina amatha kuchiza vutoli, nthawi zina matendawa amatha kubwereranso.

Ngakhale kuti vutoli limapezeka kwambiri mwa akuluakulu, nthawi zina limatha kufalikira kwa ana aang'ono. Komabe, m'nkhaniyi, tikambirana kwambiri za khansa ya adrenocortical, yomwe imakhudza akuluakulu.

Kodi pali mitundu ya khansa ya adrenocortical?

Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu. Zizindikiro za mitundu iwiriyi ndizosiyana.

1. Zotupa zomwe zimagwira ntchito: Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Zotupazi zimapanga mahomoni ambiri monga aldosterone , cortisol , estrogen, ndi testosterone kuposa momwe ziyenera kukhalira. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zimadalira mtundu wa mahomoni omwe akupangidwa mopitirira muyeso.

2. Zotupa zosagwira ntchito: Zotupazi sizimakhudza kupanga mahomoni. Komabe, zimatha kukula ndikukankhira ziwalo ndi minofu yozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamve bwino.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, iyi ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri . Ngakhale kuti ndi khansa yofala kwambiri yomwe imapezeka m'matenda a adrenal, nthawi zambiri imakhala yosowa kwambiri. Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu miliyoni imodzi ndi amene amapezeka ndi matendawa chaka chilichonse. Choncho musachite mantha ndi dzinali.

Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya adrenocortical ndi ziti?

N'zodabwitsa kuti anthu ena ali ndi khansa iyi koma alibe zizindikiro zilizonse.Sizikuoneka. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pakati pa 20% ndi 30% mwa odwalawa amapezeka mwangozi panthawi yoyezetsa matenda ena.

Komabe, zizindikiro zikaonekera, mukhoza kuona zinthu monga:

• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kusasangalala.
• Kumera kwa tsitsi kosazolowereka pankhope kapena m'thupi la akazi (hirsutism). Zingamveke ngati ndevu za mwamuna zikukula.
• Mabere okulirapo mwa amuna (Gynecomastia).
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwambiri.
• Shuga wambiri m'magazi.
• Kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka pankhope, pakhosi, ndi pathupi. Zili ngati wina wakula mwadzidzidzi.

Kodi khansa ya adrenocortical ndi yoopsa bwanji?

Iyi ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri . Izi zikutanthauza kuti chotupacho chimatha kukula mofulumira kwambiri ndikufalikira (metastasize) kunja kwa adrenal gland kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi, monga mapapo ndi mafupa. Chikafalikira, chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kuchichiza.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya adrenocortical?

Ofufuza sanapezebe chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli . Anthu ena amadwala matendawa chifukwa cha matenda enaake a majini omwe amapatsirana kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi vutoli, enanso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matendawa.

Nthawi zina, kusintha kwa majini ena kumawoneka kuti kumawonjezera chiopsezo. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wapeza kuti kusintha kwa majini oletsa khansa (TP53) ndi (IGF2) kungayambitse khansa iyi. Mwachidule, majini oletsa khansa ndi majini omwe amalamulira kukula kwa maselo athu. Ngati pali kusintha kwa majini awa, maselo amatha kugawikana ndikuchulukana mosalamulirika ndikukhala khansa.

Ndi matenda otani obadwa nawo omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo changa?

Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya adrenocortical ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa zotsatirazi:

• Matenda a Beckwith-Wiedemann
• Malo ochitira masewera a Carney
• Familyal adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• Matenda a Li-Fraumeni
• Matenda a Lynch
• Matenda ambiri a endocrine neoplasia mtundu 1 (MEN1)
• Mtundu 1 wa Neurofibromatosis (NF1)
• Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL syndrome)

Ngati wina aliyense m'banja mwanu ali ndi matendawa, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala ndikuphunzira za kuyezetsa majini.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha khansa ya adrenocortical ndi ati?

Khansa iyi imafalikira (imafalikira) mwachangu kwambiri.Inde. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuchiza zikafalikira kunja kwa adrenal gland. Komanso, zotupa zina zomwe zimapanga mahomoni zimatha kuyambitsa matenda monga:

• Matenda a Cushing: Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti ma adrenal glands amapanga mahomoni ambiri a cortisol. Zizindikiro zake ndi monga nkhope yotupa komanso thupi lotupa.
• Matenda a Conn: Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kupanga kwambiri kwa aldosterone. Angayambitse zinthu monga kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kodi khansa ya adrenocortical imapezeka bwanji? (Kuzindikira)

Ngati mwapezeka ndi chotupa cha adrenal panthawi yoyezetsa matenda ena, kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, dokotala wanu adzachita mayeso monga:

• Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga MRI scan, CT scan, kapena PET scan kuti aone ngati pali zotupa.
• Kuyezetsa magazi ndi kusanthula mkodzo: Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa mahomoni anu.
• Biopsy: Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumachitika kuti kutsimikizire ngati chotupacho ndi khansa kapena ayi komanso kuti tipeze zitsanzo za minofu.

Kodi magawo a khansa ya adrenocortical ndi ati?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyezera khansa pokonzekera chithandizo ndi kudziwa zomwe angayembekezere pambuyo pa chithandizo (kuzindikira matenda). Gawo la khansa ya adrenocortical carcinoma limatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa chotupacho, komwe chili, komanso ngati chafalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi kapena ziwalo zakutali.

Nazi magawo akuluakulu:

• Gawo Loyamba: Chotupacho chili ndi masentimita 5 (pafupifupi mainchesi awiri) kapena kuchepera. Sichinafalikire kunja kwa adrenal gland.
• Gawo Lachiwiri: Chotupacho ndi chachikulu kuposa masentimita 5, koma sichinafalikire kupitirira adrenal gland.
• Gawo Lachitatu: Chotupacho chafalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi.
• Gawo Lachinayi: Chotupacho chafalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi, ziwalo zapafupi, kapena ziwalo zakutali.

Chidziwitso chokhudza gawo la khansa nthawi zina chingaoneke chosokoneza. Choncho musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu kuti akufotokozereni. Komanso, funsani momwe izi zimakhudzira vuto lanu.

Kodi mankhwala a khansa ya adrenocortical ndi ati?

Chithandizo chofala kwambiri ndi opaleshoni ya adrenalectomy , yomwe imaphatikizapo kuchotsa gland imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri za adrenal. Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala monga:

• Mitotane (Mitotane (Lysodren®)):Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa ntchito ya adrenal glands. Izi zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chobwereranso kwa khansa. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito adrenal gland imodzi ikachotsedwa, kapena opaleshoni ikalephera. Chifukwa mankhwalawa amaletsa kupanga mahomoni, anthu omwe amamwa mankhwalawa ayeneranso kumwa mapiritsi a mahomoni.
• Metyrapone (Metopirone®): Mankhwala amtundu uwu angaperekedwe kuti achepetse zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'mazira.

Komabe, nthawi zina, chotupacho chingakhale chachikulu kwambiri moti sichingachotsedwe bwino opaleshoni akapezeka ndi matendawa. Pazochitika zotere, madokotala angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy . Ngakhale kuti chithandizochi sichingathe kuthetseratu chotupa cha khansa, chingachepetse zizindikiro ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho.

Mungafunenso kuganizira chisamaliro chochepetsa ululu ngati gawo la chithandizo chanu. Chisamaliro chochepetsa ululu ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe chimathandiza kuthana ndi zizindikiro ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa za chithandizo. Akatswiri osamalira ululu angakupatseninso chithandizo chamaganizo ndi chamaganizo.

Kodi mavuto kapena zotsatirapo zake za chithandizo ndi ziti?

Opaleshoni ndi mankhwala zingayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana kapena zotsatirapo zake. Mwachitsanzo, opaleshoni yochotsa adrenal gland ingayambitse zinthu monga:

• Zotsatira pa kupanga mahomoni: Nthawi zambiri, adrenal gland yotsalayo imatenga ntchito ya gland yochotsedwayo ndikupanga mahomoni okwanira. Komabe, ngati izi sizichitika, mungafunike kumwa mapiritsi ena a mahomoni mpaka gland yotsalayo ipange mahomoni moyenera. Vutoli limatchedwanso adrenal insufficiency .
• Matenda: Matendawa amatha kuchitika m'mimba kapena pamalo ochitira opaleshoni.
• Kutuluka magazi kwambiri: Izi zitha kuchitika panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena pambuyo pake.

Kodi mavuto kapena zotsatirapo zake za mankhwala ndi ziti?

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mutenge mitotane kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zisanu mutachita opaleshoni. Zotsatirapo za mitotane zingaphatikizepo:

• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Ziphuphu pakhungu
• Chisokonezo

Kodi kuchuluka kwa moyo wa adrenocortical carcinoma ndi kotani?

Ponseponse, 50% ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya adrenocortical amakhala ndi moyo zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi matendawa. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa moyo kumeneku kumadalira zinthu zambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

• Gawo la khansa panthawi yodziwira matenda.
• Kaya chotupacho chikugwira ntchito (chimapanga mahomoni) kapena sichikugwira ntchito.
• zaka zanu.
• Thanzi lanu lonse.

Chiwerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi motere:

• Gawo Loyamba: 81%
• Gawo Lachiwiri: 61%
• Gawo Lachitatu: 50%
• Gawo Lachinayi: 13%

Ziwerengerozi zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa. Zimenezo n’zachibadwa. Koma kumbukirani, ziwerengerozi zimachokera ku zomwe zinakuchitikirani kale. Akatswiri amayesa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe apulumuka zaka zisanu zilizonse. Zambiri zimatha kusintha pakatha zaka zisanu, ndipo kusinthaku kungakhudze zotsatira zake. Komanso, kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe apulumuka sikuti ndi kuwerengera nthawi yomwe mudzakhala ndi moyo.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso enieni okhudza kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa omwe amapulumuka, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye ndiye amene angakupatseni chithandizo chabwino kwambiri, chifukwa amadziwa bwino vuto lanu.

Kodi khansa ya adrenocortical ingapewedwe?

Ayi, sizingatheke kupewa. Ofufuza akudziwa kuti pafupifupi theka la khansa ya adrenocortical imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini ena komwe kumapangitsa maselo a khansa kuchulukana ndikupanga zotupa. Komabe, sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kumeneku. Chifukwa chake, sangalimbikitse njira zopewera kuti zisachitike.

Komabe, matenda ena obadwa nawo amawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matendawa. Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya banja lanu ya matendawa, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala ndikuphunzira za kuyezetsa majini komwe kungathe kuzindikira kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa matendawa.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji? (Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?)

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imabwereranso. Mavuto awiriwa angakupangitseni kukhala ndi mantha, kusungulumwa, komanso kuda nkhawa. Mwamwayi, pali njira zina zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize:

• Pezani chithandizo: Funsani gulu lanu lachipatala za magulu othandizira anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya adrenocortical. Kukhala ndi nthawi yocheza ndi anthu omwe akukumana ndi zinthu zomwezo zomwe mukukumana nazo kungathandize.
• Ganizirani mapulogalamu opulumutsa anthu ku khansa: Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa ya adrenocortical amaopa kuti khansayo ibwereranso. Mapulogalamu opulumutsa anthu ku khansa ndi njira imodzi yothandizira kuthana ndi nkhawa imeneyo.
• Pitirizani kusamalira odwala ovutika maganizo: Ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy mutachita opaleshoni, mungafunike thandizo pothana ndi zotsatirapo za chithandizocho.

Ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wanga?

Khansa ya m'magazi nthawi zambiri imabwereranso, makamaka mkati mwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira mutachita opaleshoni. Dokotala wanu adzakonza nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala kuti aone ngati matendawa akubweranso. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mayeso ojambulira zithunzi: Miyezi itatu iliyonse kwa zaka ziwiri, kenako miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kwa zaka zina zitatu.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Dokotala wanu adzayesa magazi nthawi zonse kuti aone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri okhudza zomwe mungayembekezere. Nazi mafunso ena omwe tikuganiza kuti angakuthandizeni:

• Kodi chimatanthauza chiyani ngati chotupa chikugwira ntchito kapena sichikugwira ntchito?
• Kodi chotupacho chafalikira kunja kwa adrenal gland yanga? Ngati ndi choncho, mpaka liti?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zochiritsira zomwe ndili nazo?
• Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita kukayezetsa majini kuti ndione ngati pali kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa khansa ya adrenocortical m'banja langa?
• Ngati chithandizocho chapambana, kodi pali mwayi wotani woti chotupacho chibwererenso?

Khansa ya Adrenocortical ndi khansa yosowa komanso yoopsa yomwe imakhudza adrenal gland yanu. Mwina siingayambitse zizindikiro zilizonse, ndipo anthu ambiri amapezeka ndi matendawa panthawi yoyezetsa matenda enaake. Mutha kuda nkhawa komanso kuchita mantha ndi matenda anu komanso nkhani yoti khansa yanu ya adrenocortical ikhoza kubwerera mutalandira chithandizo.

Ngati mukumva kutopa ndi vutoli, tengani nthawi yomwe mukufuna kuti mumvetse zomwe zikuchitika. Musazengereze kufunsa mafunso okhudza mankhwala ndi momwe angakukhudzireni. Madokotala anu adzamvetsa chifukwa chake mukukumana ndi mavuto enaake. Adzakhalapo kuti ayankhe mafunso anu, kuyambira pa matenda, kudzera mu chithandizo, komanso zaka zambiri zotsatiridwa.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Ngakhale kuti khansa ya adrenocortical ndi vuto lalikulu, ndikofunikira kudziwa za vutoli, kupeza upangiri woyenera wa dokotala, ndikupempha thandizo.

• Iyi ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri: choncho musataye mtima ndi dzinalo.
• Samalani ndi zizindikiro: Samalani ndi zinthu monga kusokonezeka m'mimba, kunenepa kosazolowereka, ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni.
• Fufuzani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo: Ngati mukukayikira, pitani kwa dokotala ndipo mukayezetse.
• Pali njira zochizira: opaleshoni, mankhwala, chemotherapy, ndi zina zotero. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yochizira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.
• Chithandizo chamaganizo n'chofunika: Simuli nokha paulendowu. Lankhulani ndi achibale, abwenzi, ndi magulu othandizira.

Kumbukirani kuti wodwala aliyense ndi wosiyana. Matenda anu, chithandizo chanu, ndi ulendo wanu wochira ndi zosiyana. Musataye mtima. Gwirani ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lanu lachipatala ndipo limbanani ndi vutoli ndi malingaliro abwino.

Khansa ya Adrenocortical , khansa ya adrenal, chotupa cha adrenal gland, chotupa chopanga mahomoni, cortisol, aldosterone, opaleshoni ya adrenal, mitotane