Tikamva kupweteka kwinakwake, chinthu choyamba chomwe timachita ndikupita kukalandira mankhwala ochepetsa ululu , sichoncho? Tikadwala mutu, kupweteka kwa dzino, kupweteka m'mimba panthawi ya msambo, tikagwa ndikuvulala miyendo yathu ... timapempha thandizo kwa ochepetsa ululu pa zonsezi. Izi ndi zomwe zili m'kabati ya mankhwala m'nyumba iliyonse. Koma, kodi timadziwa bwino za ochepetsa ululu awa, kapena 'Analgesics'? Kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi lathu? Kodi pali mitundu ina ya iwo? Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani mukamawagwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi? Lero, tikambirana zonsezi mosavuta, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.
Mwachidule, kodi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu awa ndi chiyani?
Mankhwala oletsa ululu, kapena monga momwe timawatchulira , 'mankhwala oletsa ululu', ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kapena kuchepetsa ululu m'thupi lathu. Pali chinthu chofunikira chomwe tiyenera kumvetsetsa apa. Mankhwala oletsa ululu awa sali ngati mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe amaperekedwa panthawi ya opaleshoni. Mankhwala oletsa ululu amaletsa kwakanthawi kugwira ntchito kwa mitsempha m'dera linalake, monga kutaya chikumbumtima chathu.
Koma mankhwala ochepetsa ululu sachita zimenezo. Samatiletsa kumva zinthu zotizungulira, kapena kutipangitsa kutaya chikumbumtima. Amangochepetsa ululu muubongo mwathu kapena kuchepetsa kutupa komwe kumayambitsa ululu.
Kodi timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu m'mikhalidwe iti?
Tonsefe takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu nthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu. Tangoganizirani mkhalidwe ngati uwu...
- Pambuyo pa opaleshoni: Madokotala amalimbikitsa izi kuti zithandize kuchepetsa ululu pambuyo pa opaleshoni iliyonse yaying'ono kapena yayikulu.
- Ngati munthu wavulala: Ululu waukulu womwe umabwera chifukwa cha ngozi, monga kusweka kwa fupa (kusweka) kapena mwendo wovulala.
- Ululu Woopsa: Pa zinthu monga mutu waukulu, kupweteka kwa dzino, kapena kupsinjika kwa minofu.
- Kupweteka kwa thupi lonse: Kwa zinthu monga kupweteka kwa msambo ndi kupweteka kwa thupi pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Ululu Wosatha: Kuthana ndi mavuto a ululu wa nthawi yayitali monga nyamakazi, khansa, ndi ululu wa msana.
Kodi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu amenewa amagwira ntchito bwanji? Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu!
Mankhwala opha ululu akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu, omwe amagwira ntchito m'thupi lathu m'njira ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri.
1. Mankhwala oletsa kutupa
Mtundu uwu wa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu umagwira ntchito pochepetsa kutupa, kapena kutupa, pamalo omwe ululu wagwera. Pakachitika china chake m'thupi lathu, monga kuvulala kapena matenda, momwe thupi limayankhira mwachibadwa zimapangitsa kuti malowo akhale ofiira, otupa, otentha, komanso opweteka. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala otchedwa prostaglandins. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa kupanga mankhwala amenewo. Izi zimachepetsa kutupa ndi ululu.
Timagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mankhwala omwe ali m'gululi.
- Acetaminophen: Iyi ndi paracetamol yomwe tonse timaidziwa. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa malungo ndi kupweteka kwa thupi lonse.
- Aspirin: Iyi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu komanso mankhwala omwe amachepetsa magazi kuundana.
- Mankhwala oletsa kutupa osagwiritsa ntchito ma steroid (NSAIDs): Dzinali ndi lalitali pang'ono, koma timadziwa awa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga Ibuprofen , Naproxen , ndi Diclofenac ali m'gululi. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri pa zinthu monga kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kupweteka kwa mafupa.
- COX Inhibitors: Awa ndi mankhwala apadera omwe ali ofanana ndi NSAIDs, koma sakhudza kwambiri m'mimba.
2. Mankhwala Ochepetsa Ululu a Opioid
Izi ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe ndi amphamvu pang'ono, ndipo muyenera kusamala nawo kwambiri. Amatchedwanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo . Mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito pamalo omwe ululu wagwera; amakhudza mwachindunji ubongo wathu ndi dongosolo lathu la mitsempha.
Mwachidule, mankhwala amenewa amasintha momwe ubongo 'umalandirira' zizindikiro za ululu. Ngakhale kuti ululu uli m'thupi, umachepa mu ubongo. Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala amawalembera mankhwala pa ululu waukulu kwambiri, monga ululu waukulu pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena ululu wa khansa.
Chofunika: Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu a opioid ndi mankhwala omwe ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri, mu mlingo wovomerezeka, komanso kwa nthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa, chifukwa chiopsezo chodalira/kudalira mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi chachikulu kwambiri.
Mankhwala ena omwe ali m'gululi ndi awa:
- Codeine
- Tramadol
- Morphine
- Fentanyl
- Oxycodone
Kodi njira zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi ziti?
Mankhwala opha ululu angatengedwe ndi matupi athu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwambiri kutengera mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa ululu wanu, komanso momwe mumamvera.
- Mapiritsi, mapiritsi kapena makapisozi omezedwa: Iyi ndi njira yomwe timaiona komanso yomwe timagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
- Madzi omwe mumameza: Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana aang'ono komanso omwe amavutika kumeza mapiritsi.
- Mabala pakhungu: Mankhwala amphamvu ochepetsa ululu akagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu ngati chigamba, mankhwalawa amalowa m'thupi pang'onopang'ono.
- Jakisoni: Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthawi yadzidzidzi komanso ngati pakufunika kuchepetsa ululu mwachangu.
- Mankhwala opopera mphuno: Mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu amapezekanso mu mawonekedwe awa.
- Mafilimu omwe ali pansi pa lilime: Amalowa mwachangu m'magazi.
Kodi kuopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi ziti?
"Kuchuluka kwa chinthu chilichonse n'koipa," akutero iwo. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito pa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, makamaka pa mlingo waukulu komanso kwa nthawi yayitali popanda upangiri wa dokotala, kungayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone magulu awiriwa a zoopsa padera.
| Gulu la mankhwala | Zotsatirapo ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike |
|---|---|
| Mankhwala oletsa kutupa (NSAIDs, monga Paracetamol) |
|
| Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu a opioid (Opioids) |
Zambiri zokhudza zoopsa za opioid
Ma opioid ndi mankhwala omwe angapulumutse miyoyo ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, koma angaphe miyoyo ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika. Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo (SAD) amakula pang'onopang'ono. Pali zizindikiro zingapo zosonyeza kuti wina angakhale ndi vutoli.
- Kumwa mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa omwe dokotala wakupatsani.
- Kuyesa kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala koma osatha kutero.
- Kuganizira za mankhwala mpaka kufika poti sangathe kukwaniritsa maudindo a kuntchito, kusukulu, kapena m'banja.
- Kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngakhale ndikudziwa kuti angayambitse mavuto.
- Kusiya kuchita zinthu zocheza ndi anzawo.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito izi ngakhale pazochitika zoopsa monga kuyendetsa galimoto.
- Pakapita nthawi, mlingo womwe umatengedwa umakhala wosakwanira musanamve kupweteka (Kulekerera).
- Zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala zimachitika pamene mankhwalawo asiya kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chofunika Kwambiri: Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kupeza upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Komanso, sungani mankhwala onse ochepetsa ululu pamalo otetezeka omwe ana ang'onoang'ono sangafikire.
Kodi muyenera kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo liti?
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, pitani kwa dokotala kapena pitani ku chipatala chapafupi cha Emergency Department (ETU) mwamsanga.
| Zizindikiro za Mbendera Yofiira | |
|---|---|
| Kusintha kwa khungu | Zizindikiro za ziwengo monga ziphuphu pakhungu ndi kutupa kulikonse mthupi. |
| Kusintha kwa chopondapo | Chimbudzi chakuda, chokhazikika (ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha kutuluka magazi m'mimba). |
| Kusintha kwa kusanza | Kusanza magazi kapena ndowe zonga khofi . |
| Kusintha kwa malingaliro | Kusintha kwa masomphenya kapena kumva. |
| Ululu waukulu | Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba kapena mutu. |
| Kusintha kwa mkodzo | Kuvuta kukodza, mitambo kapena kusintha mtundu wa mkodzo. |
| Khungu ndi maso zimakhala zachikasu | Kuoneka kwachikasu pakhungu kapena maso oyera (jaundice) (ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi). |
| Kulemera kwa thupi | Kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa kulemera kwa thupi. |
Ngati mukukayikira kuti wina wamwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu mopitirira muyeso, pitani naye kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati kuli kofunikira, mutha kuyimbiranso National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti akupatseni upangiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi othandiza kwambiri pochepetsa ululu. Koma ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera komanso moyenera.
- Ngakhale mutagula mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kuchokera ku pharmacy, musamwe mankhwala opitilira mlingo woyenera. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala.
- Musamagawire mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, makamaka opioids, omwe dokotala wakupatsani ndi wina aliyense. Zingakhale zoopsa kwa munthuyo.
- Ngati muli ndi matenda ena (monga gastritis, matenda a impso, matenda a mtima) kapena mukumwa mankhwala ena, uzani dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwala ochepetsa ululu.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zachilendo mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse ochepetsa ululu, musanyalanyaze ndipo funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
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