Kodi Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma (AITL) ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule!

Kodi mudamvapo za matenda omwe ali ndi dzina lachilendo chonchi? Mwina inuyo kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa adauzidwa dzinali ndi dokotala. Ngakhale kuti zingawoneke zovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tiyese kulimvetsa mosavuta. Chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti mtundu wa selo loteteza mthupi lathu lotchedwa ``T cells'' limasanduka maselo a khansa.

Kodi angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma (AITL) ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo oyera amagazi m'magazi mwathu otchedwa T lymphocytes, kapena ma T cell. Taganizirani izi ngati chitetezo cha thupi lathu. Amalimbana ndi zinthu zovulaza monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya omwe amalowa m'thupi mwathu ndikutiteteza ku matenda. Nthawi zina, ma T cell amenewa amatha kuwononga maselo a khansa.

Komabe, nthawi zina limodzi mwa 'maselo a T' amenewa limatha kusintha, kutanthauza kusintha, ndikukhala selo la khansa. Kenako maselo oipa a khansa amenewa amayamba kugawikana mofulumira ndikuchulukana mosalamulirika. Pamenepo ndi pamene vuto lotchedwa 'AITL' limachitika. Iyi ndi khansa yomwe imagwera m'gulu laling'ono lotchedwa 'peripheral T-cell lymphoma', lomwe ndi la gulu lalikulu lotchedwa 'non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphoma'. Khansa imeneyi nthawi zina imatha kufalikira kumadera monga chiwindi, mapapo, kapena 'mafupa'.

Kodi vuto limeneli lotchedwa AITL ndi lofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, AITL ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa T-cell lymphoma, koma kawirikawiri ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri . Mwachitsanzo, m'dziko ngati United States, AITL imangokhala ndi 4% yokha ya odwala onse a lymphoma. Imakhalanso ndi 1% mpaka 2% ya odwala onse omwe si a Hodgkin lymphoma. Imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 65 .

Kodi zizindikiro za AITL ndi ziti?

Popeza AITL ndi khansa yomwe ikukula mofulumira, zizindikiro zake zimatha kuwoneka mwachangu. Ngati mukukumana ndi chilichonse mwa izi, muyenera kuda nkhawa:

• Malungo omwe amabwera ndi kutha popanda chifukwa: Thupi limatentha ndipo malungowo amabwera, amachoka, ndi kubwereranso. Palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chingapezeke.
• Thukuta la usiku: Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri pamene mukugona moti mapepala amanyowa.
• Kuyabwa kapena kuyabwa pakhungu: Kungawonekere thupi lonse, m'madontho, kapena kungakhale kuyabwa nthawi zonse.
• Kuvuta kupuma: Kumva kupuma movutikira ngakhale mutachita khama pang'ono.
• Kutupa kwa mafupa: Mafupa a ziwalo amatha kutupa ndipo mwina kupweteka.
• Ma nipples otupa: Amaoneka ngati ziphuphu m'malo monga khosi, m'khwapa, ndi m'mimba. Izi nthawi zambiri sizimapweteka.
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa: Ngakhale mutapanda kulamulira zakudya zanu kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri, mwadzidzidzi mumachepa thupi.

Popeza AITL imakhudza chitetezo chathu chamthupi , anthu ena omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kukhala ndi matenda otchedwa matenda a autoimmune, omwe ndi matenda omwe chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimatiukira. Mwachitsanzo, matenda monga immuno thrombocytopenia (ma platelet otsika m'magazi) kapena autoimmune hemolytic anemia (kuwonongeka kwa maselo amagazi).

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa AITL?

AITL imachitika pamene maselo athu a T ayamba kusokonekera ndipo amayamba kukula mopitirira muyeso. Komabe, ofufuza sakudziwabe chifukwa chake anthu ena amadwala mtundu uwu wa T-cell lymphoma ndipo ena satero.

Pali kuthekera kuti pakhoza kukhala kulumikizana pakati pa AITL ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr. Komabe, pakufunika zambiri kuti timvetse momwe kulumikizanaku kumagwirira ntchito.

Kodi AITL imapezedwa bwanji?

AITL nthawi zambiri imapezeka kudzera mu biopsy ya lymph node . Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu kuchokera ku lymph node yotupa kapena malo okayikitsa ndikuiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Ngati zotsatira za mayeso anu zikuwonetsa ma T lymphocytes osazolowereka, madokotala adzakayikira AITL.

Akatsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani, dokotala wa khansa adzakuyang'anirani ndikufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Adzakufunsaninso za mbiri yanu ya thanzi, monga matenda omwe mudadwalapo kale komanso mankhwala omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito panopa.

Komanso, dokotala akhoza kuchita mayeso angapo, monga:

• Kuyezetsa magazi.
• Kufufuza za m'mafupa.

Mukhozanso kuchita mayeso ojambulira zithunzi monga awa:

• Kujambula kwa CT (CT - computed tomography scans).
• Kujambula kwa MRI (MRI - kujambula kwa maginito a resonance imaging).
• Kujambula kwa PET (positron emission tomography scans).

AITL, monga ma lymphoma ena, ingakhale yovuta kuizindikira. Izi zili choncho chifukwa matendawa ndi ovuta, ndipo zizindikiro zake zimatha kukula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimatha kufanana ndi matenda ena. Pazifukwa izi, odwala ambiri a AITL amapezeka ndi matendawa akamafika kumapeto . Komabe, ofufuza akupitilizabe kupeza njira zodziwira AITL ndi ma lymphoma ena mwachangu.

Kodi AITL imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha AITL chimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro zanu, kuopsa kwa matendawa, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Mankhwala akuluakulu a AITL ndi awa:

• Mankhwala a Chemotherapy:Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana ophera maselo a khansa. Ma steroid amawonjezedwanso pa izi. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi CHOP ndi BV+CHP. Dzina lakuti CHOP ndi chidule cha Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide), Hydroxydaunorubicin (hydroxydaunorubicin), Oncovin (vincristine sulfate), ndi Prednisone. BV+CHP ndi kuphatikiza kwa brentuximab vedotin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, ndi prednisone. Izi ndi zovuta pang'ono, koma dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani.

• Kusamutsa maselo oyambira: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa maselo oyambira a khansa ndikuyika maselo oyambira athanzi. Maselo athanzi awa akhoza kutengedwa kuchokera kwa inu (`autologous`) kapena angaperekedwe kuchokera kwa wina (`allogeneic`).

• Chithandizo cholunjika: Chithandizochi chimayang'ana kwambiri kusintha kwa majini komwe kumasintha maselo athanzi kukhala maselo a khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa amapita mwachindunji ku maselo oipa ndipo amagwira ntchito pa maselo oipa okha.

Kodi mungakhale ndi moyo wautali bwanji ndi AITL?

AITL ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti moyo wapakati pambuyo popezeka ndi matendawa ndi zaka zosakwana zitatu . "Median" ndi mtengo wapakati pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ena amakhala ndi moyo waufupi, pomwe ena amakhala ndi moyo wautali.

Koma mfundo yofunika ndi iyi: Pafupifupi 30% mpaka 35% ya anthu omwe ali ndi AITL amayankha bwino akalandira chithandizo ndipo amatha kuchiritsidwa popanda khansa kubwerera.

Chiŵerengero Chopulumuka cha AITL

Chiŵerengero cha moyo wa AITL kwa zaka zisanu chili pakati pa 30% ndi 35% . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwa anthu 100 omwe apezeka ndi AITL, pakati pa 30 ndi 35 amakhalabe ndi moyo patatha zaka zisanu. Mofananamo, chiŵerengero cha moyo wa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri chili pafupifupi 29%.

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa mukaona ziwerengerozi. Koma kumbukirani, izi ndi ziwerengero chabe. Zimachokera ku zomwe zinachitikira anthu ena omwe adapezeka ndi matenda omwewo monga inu. Mbiri ya thanzi la aliyense komanso majini ake ndi osiyana. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa moyo kumeneku sikungathe kuneneratu nthawi yeniyeni yomwe mudzakhala ndi moyo kapena momwe mudzayankhire mukalandira chithandizo.

Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi ziwerengerozi, kapena ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe zingakukhudzireni, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Iye akhoza kufotokoza za vuto lanu ndikupereka thandizo lililonse lomwe mukufuna.

Kodi AITL ingapewedwe?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi AITL alibe zinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zingawapangitse kutenga matendawa. Palibe njira yeniyeni yopewera AITL kapena mtundu wina uliwonse wa lymphoma. Monga khansa zambiri, izi zimachitika nthawi zina. Sizitanthauza kuti munachita cholakwika chilichonse.

Kodi ndingachepetse chiopsezo changa?

Ngakhale simungathe kupewa angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, mutha kuchita izi kuti chitetezo chamthupi chikhale chathanzi :

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri, zipatso, nyemba, tirigu wonse, ndi mapuloteni, monga nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri ndi nsomba.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Chitani zinthu monga kuyenda kapena kuthamanga kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku.
• Gonani bwino: Gonani bwino kwa maola osachepera 7-8 patsiku.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera komwe kungakuyenerereni.
• Pewani kusuta fodya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fodya: Monga ndudu ndi bidis, fodya wopanda utsi (monga fodya wotafuna ndi chingamu) nawonso ndi woopsa. Kusuta fodya wa vape sikwabwino.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kutupa mwadzidzidzi, kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, kutentha thupi kwambiri, kapena kuchepa thupi mwangozi, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati mukulandira kale chithandizo cha AITL, dziwitsani dokotala wanu wa khansa nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuyamba zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira mwadzidzidzi. Popeza khansa iyi ndi yotani, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwachangu momwe mungathere.

AITL imakhudza aliyense mosiyana. Dokotala wanu ndiye yekhayo amene angakufotokozereni momwe matenda anu angakukhudzireni. Anthu ena safuna kudziwa zambiri za matendawa, ndipo palibe vuto. Muli ndi ufulu wosankha chithandizo chanu. Inu nokha ndiye amene mukudziwa zomwe zili zabwino kwa thanzi lanu la maganizo, lamaganizo, komanso lauzimu.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ndizachilendo kukhala ndi mafunso ambiri mutapezeka ndi AITL. Nazi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu wa khansa:

• Kodi khansa yanga yakula bwanji?
• Kodi khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zanga zina?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zochiritsira zomwe ndili nazo?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuyamba chithandizo nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi ndingapitirize ntchito yanga pamene ndikulandira chithandizo?
• Ndi chithandizo ndi chithandizo chamtundu wanji chomwe ndidzafunikira panthawi ya chithandizo?
• Kodi ndingalowe nawo m'magulu othandizira kapena zinthu zina?
• Kodi ndingasunge bwanji thanzi langa la maganizo?

Kuzindikira khansa kungabweretse mavuto osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chisoni, nkhawa, mkwiyo, ndi mkwiyo. Chifukwa chakuti AITL ndi matenda osowa, mungamve ngati muli nokha ndipo palibe amene akukumvetsani.Koma gulu lanu lachipatala lilipo kuti likuthandizeni. Angakuuzeni za zinthu zomwe mukufunikira, ndi magulu othandizira anthu omwe adakumanapo ndi zinthu zomwezo monga inu. Simuyenera kudutsa ulendowu nokha. Pezani thandizo kuchokera kwa okondedwa anu ndi madokotala anu.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

AITL ndi khansa yoopsa komanso yosowa kwambiri. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa za khansayi, kulabadira zizindikiro zake, ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala mwachangu.

• Dziwani zizindikiro: Samalani ndi malungo osadziwika bwino, thukuta la usiku, akakolo otupa, mavuto a khungu, kupuma movutikira, mafupa otupa, komanso kuchepa thupi.
• Funani upangiri kwa dokotala: Ngati mukukayika, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira matenda mwachangu ndi kulandira chithandizo ndikofunikira kwambiri.
• Pali njira zochiritsira: Pali njira zina monga chemotherapy, kuyika maselo oyambira, ndi njira zina zochiritsira. Dokotala wanu adzasankha zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu.
• Simuli nokha: Ulendo uwu ukhoza kukhala wovuta, koma muli ndi banja, abwenzi, ndi gulu lachipatala kuti akuthandizeni. Pezani thandizo lawo.
• Khalani ndi chiyembekezo: Ziwerengero sizinthu zonse. Aliyense ndi wosiyana. Khalani ndi chiyembekezo.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zakuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino matendawa. Kumbukirani, ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala pa vuto lililonse la thanzi.

AITL , Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma, khansa, khansa ya m'magazi, zizindikiro za lymphoma, chithandizo cha khansa