HIV si mapeto! Tiyeni tikambirane za ART (Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kachilombo ka HIV)

Mutazindikira kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, muyenera kuti munamva kudabwa kwakukulu, mantha, komanso kusungulumwa. Mwina munadzifunsa kuti, "Ndichite chiyani tsopano?" Koma musadandaule. Masiku ano, sayansi ya zamankhwala yapita patsogolo kwambiri. HIV ndi vuto lomwe, ngati litayang'aniridwa bwino, lingakhale nalo kwa nthawi yayitali, labwinobwino, komanso labwinobwino. Chida champhamvu komanso chofunikira kwambiri pa izi ndi chithandizo chotchedwa ART. Lero, tikambirana za izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe idzayankha mafunso onse omwe muli nawo m'maganizo mwanu.

Mwachidule, kodi ART ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala a ART, omwe amatanthauza mankhwala oletsa kachilombo ka HIV , ndi mankhwala ophatikizana omwe amaperekedwa pochiza kachilombo ka HIV. Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyeni tiwone zomwe kachilombo ka HIV kamachitira matupi athu.

Taganizirani thupi lathu ngati linga lotetezedwa bwino. Pali asilikali apadera omwe amateteza linga ili. Timawatcha maselo a CD4 . Maselo amenewa ndi gawo lalikulu la chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Zimene HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) imachita, monga mbala, ndikulowa mu linga ili ndikuwononga asilikali achitetezo awa, kutanthauza maselo a CD4, mmodzi ndi mmodzi. Kenako chitetezo cha linga lathu chimafooka. Zotsatira zake, matenda ena ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri sangativulaze kwambiri amatha kulowa m'thupi mwathu mosavuta ndikuyambitsa matenda oopsa.

Izi ndi zomwe ART imachita. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala awa sangachotse kachilombo ka HIV mthupi, amaletsa kachilomboka kuti kasachuluke m'thupi, kutanthauza kuti, kupanga makope ambiri ake. Kenako kuchuluka kwa kachilomboka m'thupi, komwe timatcha kuti kuchuluka kwa kachilomboka , kumachepa pang'onopang'ono. Kachiromboka kakalamuliridwa, thupi lathu limatha kupanga maselo atsopano a CD4 kuti alowe m'malo mwa maselo a CD4 omwe awonongeka. Kenako chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimakhala champhamvu kachiwiri.

Kodi mulingo wa "Wosawoneka" ndi wotani?

Ichi ndi zotsatira zofunika kwambiri komanso zokongola za chithandizo cha ART. Mukamwa mankhwala anu moyenera, kuchuluka kwa kachilombo ka HIV (viral load) m'magazi mwanu kumatsika kufika pamlingo wotsika kwambiri kotero kuti sikungathe kuzindikirika ndi mayeso. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti mulingo "wosazindikirika" .

Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti mwachira kwathunthu ku kachilombo ka HIV. Kachilomboka kangakhalebe kobisika mkati mwa maselo a thupi. Ngati musiya kumwa mankhwalawo, kachilomboka kobisika kakhoza kuyambanso kugwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwalawo moyo wanu wonse.

Koma ubwino wa "Undetectable" iyi ndi wotani?

• Popeza chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili ndi mphamvu, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wabwinobwino.
• Chofunika kwambiri: Munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo kokhazikika ka "Undetectable" sangathe kupatsira munthu wina kachilombo ka HIV kudzera mu kugonana. Timatcha lingaliro ili U=U (Undetectable = Untransmittable) . Uwu ndi ufulu waukulu kwa inu ndi mnzanu.

Kodi chithandizo cha ART chimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kachilombo ka HIV kamagwiritsa ntchito njira yovuta kwambiri yolowera m'maselo athu a CD4 ndikupanga makope ake okha. Mankhwala a ART amagwira ntchito posokoneza magawo osiyanasiyana munjira iyi. Taganizirani ngati wakuba akutenga masitepe ambiri kuti alowe m'nyumba, ndipo ART imagwira ntchito poika misampha yosiyanasiyana kuti iyimitse sitepe iliyonse.

Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili kuti timvetse momwe mankhwala a ART amagwirira ntchito.

Kodi ndingasankhe bwanji chithandizo choyenera cha ART kwa ine?

Ichi si chisankho chomwe mungapange nokha. Dokotala wanu adzakusankhirani mankhwala abwino kwambiri. Adzaganizira zinthu zingapo.

• Kuchuluka kwa mavairasi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma CD4 anu mukayamba kulandira chithandizo.
• Kaya mudatengapo kale mankhwala ena a HIV (monga PrEP kapena PEP).
• Zotsatira za mayeso kuti muwone ngati kachilombo ka m'thupi mwanu kakukana mankhwala enaake.
• Kodi muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kutenga pakati?
• Matenda ena omwe muli nawo (monga matenda a impso, matenda a chiwindi, matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima) ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa.
• Kaya mungathe kumwa mankhwala anu pa nthawi yake.

Mankhwala ndi zotsatira zake zoyipa

Kwa anthu ambiri, mankhwala a ART amaperekedwa ngati piritsi la tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthawi zina, mankhwala angapo amaphatikizidwa kukhala piritsi limodzi. Ndiosavuta kwambiri. Ndipo tsopano, mankhwalawa akupezekanso ngati jakisoni yomwe ingatengedwe kamodzi pamwezi kapena miyezi iwiri iliyonse.

Anthu ena angakumane ndi zotsatirapo zazing'ono akayamba kumwa mankhwalawa. Zinthu monga nseru, kusanza, kuvutika m'mimba, mutu, kusowa tulo, ndi ziphuphu pakhungu. Koma nthawi zambiri, izi zimatha kwathunthu pakatha milungu ingapo thupi likayamba kuzolowera kumwa mankhwalawa.

Kuyang'anira kupambana kwa chithandizo

Mukayamba kulandira chithandizo, dokotala wanu adzayang'anira vuto lanu nthawi zonse. Izi zidzafuna kuyezetsa magazi awiri akuluakulu.

1. Kuyesa Kuchuluka kwa Viral Load: Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa kachilombo m'thupi.

2. Chiwerengero cha CD4: Onani mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mthupi.

Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa mavairasi kumatsika kufika pamlingo "wosaoneka" mkati mwa miyezi 1-6 kuyambira pomwe chithandizo chinayamba. Pambuyo pake, mayesowa amapitilizidwa nthawi ndi nthawi zomwe dokotala wapereka kuti awone ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino.