Kodi kugunda kwa mtima wanu sikusinthasintha? Tiyeni tikambirane za Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)!

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira kapena mosagwirizana? Kodi mumamva ngati nsomba ikuvutika m'chifuwa mwanu kapena gulugufe akugwedezeka? Musangonyalanyaza zinthu izi ngati zosayembekezereka. Izi zitha kukhala vuto lalikulu lokhudzana ndi kamvekedwe ka mtima wanu. Lero tikulankhula za vuto limodzi lotere, Atrial Fibrillation, kapena AFib monga tonse tikudziwira.

Mwachidule, kodi Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tiyeni tichite izi mophweka. Mtima wanu uli ndi zipinda zazikulu zinayi. Zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba zimatchedwa atria , ndipo zipinda ziwiri zapansi zimatchedwa ventricles . Kawirikawiri, zipinda izi zimapindika mozungulira, malinga ndi chizindikiro chochokera ku dongosolo lamagetsi lachilengedwe la mtima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zipinda zapamwamba (atria) zimapindika ndikupopera magazi m'zipinda zapansi (ventricles). Kenako zipinda zapansi zimapindika ndikupopera magaziwo m'thupi lonse. Izi ndi zomwe timamva ngati kugunda kwa mtima kwathu.

Koma chinthu china chosiyana chimachitika kwa munthu amene ali ndi AFib. M'malo mwa chizindikiro chamagetsi chokhazikika chomwe chimachokera pamalo amodzi kupita ku zipinda zapamwamba za mtima (atria), zizindikiro zambiri zamagetsi zosokonezeka komanso zachangu zimayamba kuchokera m'malo ambiri nthawi imodzi.

Chifukwa cha zizindikiro zosokoneza izi, atria imayamba kugwedezeka m'malo momangika bwino. Zotsatira zake, sizingathe kupopera magazi bwino m'zipinda zapansi. Zipinda zapansi (maselo) omwe amayankha zizindikiro zosokonezazi kuchokera ku zipinda zapamwamba zimayambanso kugunda mosagwirizana komanso mwachangu. Timamva kugunda kwa zipinda zapansi izi ngati kugunda kwa mtima. Choncho zimakhalanso zosasinthasintha komanso mwachangu.

Kodi zizindikiro za munthu amene ali ndi AFib ndi ziti?

Si aliyense amene ali ndi AFib amene angakhale ndi zizindikiro, koma anthu ambiri amakumana ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro izi:

Kodi AFib ndi vuto loyenera kuliopa?

Inde. AFib ndi matenda oopsa omwe muyenera kuwadera nkhawa. Ndi oopsa kaya muli ndi zizindikiro kapena ayi. Chifukwa pamene kugunda kwa mtima kwasokonekera, magazi amatha kusonkhana mkati mwa mtima, makamaka mu atria, ndipo magazi amaundana nthawi zambiri.

Ngati magazi oundana atuluka n’kukakamira mumtsempha wamagazi wopita ku ubongo, zingayambitse sitiroko . Zingathenso kufooketsa mtima pakapita nthawi, zomwe zingachititse matenda monga kulephera kwa mtima . Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za AFib, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a AFib komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa?

Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha cha AFib. Zifukwa zingapo ndi zinthu zoopsa zingayambitse vutoli.

Zifukwa zazikulu

• Matenda ena a mtima: Ngati mwakhalapo kale ndi matenda a mtima, matenda a valve ya mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, kapena matenda a mitsempha ya mtima, chiopsezo chanu cha AFib chimakhala chachikulu.
• Matenda ena: Matenda monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga, hyperthyroidism, matenda a impso osatha, komanso obstructive sleep apnea angayambitse matenda a AFib.
• Zinthu zokhudzana ndi majini: AFib imakonda kuyenda m'mabanja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali mphamvu ya majini ('majini osiyanasiyana').
• Opaleshoni ya mtima: Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi AFib ngakhale atachitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima pazifukwa zina.

Zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo

• Ukalamba: Chiwopsezo chotenga AFib chimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono munthu akakwanitsa zaka 65.
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso: Kumwa mowa woposa mlingo woyenera, makamaka kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda a AFib.
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi okwanira tsiku lililonse ndi chinthu china chomwe chingayambitse mavuto.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso: Musadabwe, kuchita zinthu zambiri sikwabwino, ndipo ngakhale kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa maola ambiri patsiku kwa zaka zambiri kungapangitse kuti anthu ena adwale matenda a AFib.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matenda a AFib molondola?

Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani. Chiyeso chachikulu chotsimikizira AFib ndi ECG (Electrocardiogram) .

• Mayeso a ECG (EKG): Ichi ndi chojambulira cha momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito. Dokotala amatha kudziwa ngati kugunda kwa mtima wanu sikuli bwino kapena ngati muli ndi AFib.

Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala angakulimbikitseni mayeso ena angapo.

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuyang'ana zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi momwe impso zimagwirira ntchito.
• Echocardiogram (Echo): Izi zili ngati kujambula mtima. Zimathandiza kumvetsetsa bwino kukula kwa zipinda za mtima, ntchito ya ma valve, ndi mphamvu ya mtima yopompa.
• Holter Monitor: Nthawi zina AFib siimakhalapo nthawi zonse. Imabwera ndikupita. Zikatero, chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi thupi lanu kwa maola 24 kapena 48 chimalemba ECG yanu nthawi zonse. Izi zimayang'anira kugunda kwa mtima wanu pamene mukuchita ntchito zanu zapakhomo.

Kodi magawo a AFib ndi ati?

AFib ndi vuto lomwe limatha kuipiraipira pakapita nthawi, kotero madokotala aligawa m'magawo angapo.

Gawo 1: Ali pachiwopsezo cha AFib

Anthu awa alibe AFib, koma ali ndi zinthu zoopsa monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Gawo 2: Pre-AFib

Anthu awa alibe AFib pakadali pano. Koma mayeso a ECG kapena Echo amasonyeza kusintha pang'ono mumtima. Izi zikusonyeza chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a AFib.

Gawo 3: Mkhalidwe wa AFib (AFib)

Nthawi yomwe ECG imatsimikizira AFib. Izi zimagawidwanso m'magawo angapo.

• Paroxysmal AFib: AFib imachitika ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha yokha popanda chithandizo, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa masiku 7 (nthawi zambiri mkati mwa maola 24-48).
• AFib Yosatha: AFib imatha masiku opitilira 7 ndipo imafuna chithandizo kuti ithetsedwe.
• AFib yomwe yakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali: AFib imatha kupitirira chaka chimodzi.
• Kuchotsa bwino kwa AFib: AFib imayendetsedwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena chithandizo china.

Gawo 4: AFib Yokhazikika

Pa nthawiyi, wodwala ndi dokotala amasankha pamodzi kuti sadzayesa kusintha vuto la AFib. Cholinga chake ndi kulamulira kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupewa magazi kuundana.

Kodi mankhwala a AFib ndi ati?

Pali zolinga zitatu zazikulu za chithandizo cha AFib:

1. Kulamulira kugunda kwa mtima.

2. Kubwezeretsa kayimbidwe ka mtima.

3. Kupewa mavuto monga sitiroko.

Pali njira zingapo zochizira izi.

1. Kusintha kwa Moyo

Uwu ndiye maziko.

• Kusunga kulemera kwabwino: Ngati ndinu wonenepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa thupi.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa ndipo pewani kusuta: Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo ndi zizindikiro za AFib.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi oyenera kwa inu, monga momwe dokotala wanu walangizira.
• Kulamulira matenda monga kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera bwino matenda amenewa.

2. Mankhwala

Dokotala angakupatseni mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala kutengera matenda anu.

• Mankhwala oletsa kugunda kwa mtima:Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kugunda kwa mtima (monga `Metoprolol`, `Diltiazem`).
• Mankhwala olamulira kayimbidwe ka mtima: Izi zimathandiza kubwezeretsa kayimbidwe kosasinthasintha ku kayimbidwe kabwinobwino (`sinus rhythm`) (monga `Amiodarone`).
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kutsekeka kwa Magazi / Ochepetsa Magazi: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri . Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha sitiroko. `Warfarin` ndi mankhwala akale. Mankhwala atsopano (`DOACs`) monga `Apixaban` ndi `Rivaroxaban` amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri masiku ano. Musasiye mankhwala awa kapena kusintha mlingo popanda upangiri wa dokotala.

3. Chithandizo cha ablation (ablation ya AFib)

Ngati AFib ndi yovuta kuilamulira ndi mankhwala, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizochi.

• Kuchotsa Catheter: Mu izi, chubu chopyapyala (catheter) chimayikidwa kudzera mu mtsempha wamagazi m'mimba kupita mumtima kuti chipeze madera omwe ali mumtima omwe akutumiza zizindikiro zamagetsi zosakhazikika zomwe zimayambitsa AFib kenako nkuzimazimitsa pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri.
• Njira Yoyezera Magazi: Izi zimachitika ndi opaleshoni yotsegula mtima. Mabala ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa mu atria ya mtima kuti apange mawonekedwe omwe amaletsa kuyenda kwa zizindikiro zamagetsi zosakhazikika.

4. Njira Zina

• Kusinthasintha kwa mtima: Njira yomwe imabwezeretsa msanga kayendedwe ka mtima, kaya mwadzidzidzi kapena mwadongosolo, mwa kugwedeza kwamagetsi pachifuwa kapena kupereka mankhwala.
• Kutseka kwa Left Atrial Appendage (LAA): Chipangizo chaching'ono chimayikidwa kuti chitseke gawo laling'ono la mtima longa thumba komwe magazi amaundana nthawi zambiri. Izi zitha kukhala zoyenera kwa anthu omwe sangathe kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.

Kodi mungakhale bwanji ndi AFib? Kodi imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu?

Mankhwala amatha kuletsa AFib kuti isachitike kapena kubwezeretsa kagayidwe kake. Koma AFib ndi matenda omwe munthu amakhala nawo kwa moyo wake wonse omwe sangachiritsidwe . Ngakhale zizindikiro zitatha mutalandira chithandizo, zimatha kubwereranso. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi dokotala wanu, kupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse, ndikumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizidwira.

Ponena za nthawi yoyembekezera moyo kwa munthu amene ali ndi AFib, n’zoona kuti kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi AFib akhoza kukhala ndi nthawi yocheperako poyerekeza ndi anthu onse. Koma zimenezo ndi ziwerengero chabe. Ngati mugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu, kusintha moyo wanu, kumwa mankhwala anu moyenera, ndikuwongolera vutoli bwino, inunso mutha kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi.