Ngati ndinu mayi kapena bambo amene akuyembekezera mwana watsopano, mwina munamvapo mawu akuti 'Cord Blood Banking'. Mwachidule, izi zikutanthauza kuti magazi ena amtengo wapatali otsala kuchokera ku umbilical cord ndi placenta, omwe amatayidwa mwana akabadwa, amatengedwa ndikusungidwa pamalo otetezeka kwambiri kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chithandizo cha matenda aliwonse omwe angabwere mtsogolo. Iyi ndi nkhani yotchuka ku Sri Lanka pakadali pano. Ndiye kodi izi ndizofunikadi? Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kochita izi ndi kotani? Kodi zimachitika bwanji? Tiyeni tikambirane zonsezi momveka bwino komanso mwamtendere lero.
N’chifukwa chiyani magazi a chingwe ndi ofunika kwambiri?
Tangoganizirani, nthawi zambiri pambuyo pobereka, chingwe cha umbilical ndi placenta zimatayidwa. Koma m'magazi omwe amasiyidwa mu chingwe cha umbilical ichi chotayidwa, pali mtundu wapadera wa selo womwe uli ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa zokhala mtundu uliwonse wa selo m'thupi lathu. Timatcha maselo oyambira awa. Ali ngati nsalu yopanda kanthu. Monga momwe tingajambulire chithunzi chilichonse pa nsaluyo, maselo oyambira awa amathanso kukula kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo m'thupi lathu, monga maselo amagazi ndi maselo oteteza chitetezo chamthupi.
Maselo oyambira awa ndi ofanana ndi maselo oyambira omwe amapezeka mu mafupa. Chifukwa chake, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda opitilira 80 omwe amapha anthu. Malinga ndi akatswiri, "Kuthira mankhwala kuchokera m'magazi a chingwe kwakhala kofunikira kwambiri populumutsa miyoyo ya ana aang'ono, makamaka omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa a immunodeficiency disease (SCID), khansa zina, komanso matenda amagazi monga khansa ya m'magazi."
Nthawi zina, magazi a chingwe omwe amaperekedwa mwanjira imeneyi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ofufuza popanga ndikuyesa njira zatsopano zamankhwala . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale sizingapindulitse wachibale mwachindunji, zingathandize kwambiri pakupititsa patsogolo sayansi ya zamankhwala.
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa mabanki aboma ndi achinsinsi ndi kotani?
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zosungira magazi a m'chingwe. Njira imodzi ndikupereka magaziwo ku banki ya boma. Njira ina ndikuwasunga ku banki yachinsinsi. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Mbali | Mabanki a Magazi a Boma | Mabanki Amagazi Achinsinsi |
|---|---|---|
| Mtengo | Zaulere kotheratu. Ichi ndi chopereka. | Mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri . Muyenera kulipira ndalama zoyambira komanso ndalama zokonzera pachaka. |
| Umwini | Kuyezetsa magazi kumakhala chuma cha boma. Kumaperekedwa kwa wodwala aliyense woyenerera amene akufunikira thandizo. | Banja lanu lili ndi umwini wonse wa magazi. |
| Kupezeka | Palibe chitsimikizo chakuti magazi omwe mupereka adzakhalapo kwa inu kapena banja lanu ngati mukuwafuna. Mwina adaperekedwa kwa wodwala wina, adagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza, kapena atayidwa ngati kuchuluka kwake sikukwanira. | Ngati wina m'banja mwanu akufunikira, mungagwiritse ntchito chitsanzo chimenecho. |
Ndiye, kodi ndikofunikiradi kuyika ndalama ku banki yachinsinsi?
Funso lofunika kwambiri ndi ili. Mukayang'ana ziwerengerozi, mwayi woti mwana agwiritse ntchito maselo ake oyambira ndi wochepa kwambiri, pafupifupi 1 pa 5,000 . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana m'modzi yekha pa 5,000 ndi amene ali ndi mwayi umenewu.
Komabe, mwayi woti mwana angafunike maselo oyambira operekedwa ndi 1 pa 2,500 . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri woti angafunikire a wina kuposa awo.
Vuto lina ndi lakuti ngati m'bale wanu angagwiritse ntchito magazi awa. Pali mwayi wa 25% wokha kuti m'bale wanu akhale ndi wofanana 100%. Palinso mwayi wa 25% woti sizingakhale zofanana konse. Choncho sizikutsimikizika kuti m'bale wanu angagwiritse ntchito magazi awa.
Munthu wamkulu, kutanthauza kholo, ali ndi mwayi wochepa wogwiritsa ntchito magazi amenewa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera ku umbilical cord nthawi zambiri sikokwanira thupi la munthu wamkulu.
Pachifukwa ichi, American Academy of Pediatrics (American Academy ofNgakhale mabungwe akuluakulu azachipatala padziko lonse lapansi, monga World Health Organization (WHO ), amalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti ndi bwino kupereka magazi amtengo wapataliwa ku banki ya boma m'malo mongowaika payekha.
Kodi mumasonkhanitsa bwanji magazi a umbilical cord?
Kaya mukuganiza zopereka magazi kapena kuwasunga payekha, izi ndi zinthu zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale. Muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu ndi chipatala nthawi isanakwane kuti mudzapereke magazi ndipo mukhale ndi zida zofunikira zosonkhanitsira magazi.
Mabanki ambiri aboma amafuna kuti makolo alembetse pakati pa milungu 28 ndi 34 ya mimba . Amafufuzanso mbiri ya thanzi la amayi opereka chithandizo.
Pa nthawi yobereka, magazi amenewa amatha kutengedwa placenta isanabadwe kapena itatha. Pambuyo poti chingwe cha mwana chadulidwa ndikumangiriridwa, dokotala kapena namwino amagwiritsa ntchito singano yaying'ono kutulutsa magazi otsala kuchokera mumtsempha wa umbilical. Njirayi ndi yopanda ululu ndipo siivulaza mwana kapena mayi ake.
Kenako, gulu lapadera la otumiza magazi limatenga magaziwa kupita nawo ku banki ya magazi. Kumeneko, maselo oyambira magazi amalekanitsidwa ndi magazi ena onse ndipo amasungidwa mu nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi pansi pa mikhalidwe yoipa.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji banki yoyenera ya magazi ya chingwe?
Ngati mwasankha kupeza chithandizochi kuchokera ku banki yachinsinsi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchifufuza mosamala.
Akatswiri amachenjeza kuti asanene zinthu zazikulu komanso zokokomeza monga "kuchiritsa matenda monga matenda a ubongo." Musanasankhe banki, onetsetsani kuti mwafufuza mfundo izi:
- Kukhazikika kwa zachuma kwa kampani: Onani nthawi yayitali yomwe kampaniyo yakhala ikuchita bizinesi komanso momwe mbiri yawo yazachuma ilili.
- Chiwerengero cha zitsanzo zomwe amakonza: Bungwe lomwe limayang'anira zitsanzo zambiri nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi chidziwitso chabwino komanso njira zabwino.
- Ngati kampani yasiya kugwira ntchito: Fufuzani ngati pali mfundo zomveka bwino zomwe zingachitike ku zitsanzo zanu.
- Zambiri zokhudza ndalama zolipirira: Kodi ndalama zoyambira ndi ndalama zolipirira kukonza pachaka ndi ziti? Funsani ngati ndalamazo ndi zokhazikika kapena zingathe kuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi.
- Kuvomerezeka: Yang'anani ngati bungweli lili ndi miyezo yovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi chizindikiro chabwino ngati lavomerezedwa ndi mabungwe monga `FACT` (Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy) ndi `AABB` (American Association of Blood Banks). Mabanki onse a magazi ayenera kulembetsedwa ndi bungwe loyang'anira monga FDA (Food and Drug Administration).
- Bungwe Lolangiza Zachipatala:Dziwani madokotala omwe amalangiza bungwe limenelo komanso ziyeneretso zawo.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, musapange chisankho chilichonse pankhaniyi nokha. Kambiranani nkhaniyi mokwanira ndi dokotala wa za mimba ndi dokotala wa matenda a akazi (VOG) ndipo funsani upangiri wake.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Maselo oyambira omwe amapezeka m'magazi a chingwe ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri chomwe chingachiritse matenda ambiri oopsa.
- Mwa kupereka izi ku banki ya boma, mutha kuthandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu ambiri omwe akusowa thandizo, popanda kulipira kalikonse.
- Kuyika ndalama ku banki yachinsinsi n'kokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo mwayi woti mwana wanu kapena wachibale wanu azigwiritsa ntchito ndi wochepa kwambiri.
- Mukasankha banki yachinsinsi, fufuzani mosamala kudalirika kwawo, luso lawo, komanso kuvomerezeka kwawo padziko lonse lapansi.
- Musanapange chisankho chilichonse pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kulankhula mosamala ndi dokotala wanu ndikupempha upangiri kwa akatswiri.
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