Kodi khansa ya m'mawere yabwerera? (Kubwerezabwereza kwa Khansa ya m'mawere) Tiyeni tikambirane izi!

Mukaganiza kuti mwalandira chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndipo mukumva bwino, kodi mumakhala ndi mantha oti matendawa abwereranso? ​​Ndipotu, nthawi zina amatha. Lero tikulankhula za kubwereranso kwa khansa ya m'mawere. Musaope kumva izi, chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za izi.

Kodi kubwereranso kwa khansa ya m'mawere n'chiyani?

Mwachidule, mukamaliza kulandira chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere, khansa imabwereranso m'thupi lanu, zomwe timazitcha ' kubwereranso kwa khansa ya m'mawere' . Izi zitha kuchitika mkati mwa miyezi ingapo kuchokera pamene chithandizo chachitika, kapena zitha kuchitika patapita zaka zambiri. Madokotala athu amatha kuchiza khansa iyi yobwerezabwereza, koma nthawi zina imatha kubwereranso.

Kodi khansa iyi imabwereranso bwanji?

Mtundu wa khansa umatsimikiziridwa ndi komwe imachokera. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu:

• Kubwerezabwereza Kwapafupi: Izi zikutanthauza kuti khansa yabwerera ku bere lomwelo (kapena dera la bere) komwe idapezeka koyamba. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi khansa m'bere lanu lamanja ndipo yachotsedwa, zingakhale ngati maselo a khansa akukuliranso m'bere lamanja.

• Kubwerezabwereza kwa Chigawo: Apa ndi pamene khansa imabwereranso pafupi ndi chotupa choyambirira, monga m'malo olumikizirana mafupa a m'khwapa kapena m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ozungulira khosi.

• Kubwerezabwereza Kwakutali: Uwu ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri. Izi zimachitika pamene maselo a khansa ya m'mawere afalikira kutali ndi komwe kunali chotupa choyambirira, kupita ku mapapo anu, mafupa, ubongo, kapena ziwalo zina za thupi lanu. Izi zimatchedwanso (Metastatic Breast Cancer) . Nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa (Gawo 4 la Khansa ya M'mawere) .

Pali china chomwe muyenera kudziwa. Tangoganizirani kuti munali ndi khansa m'mawere anu, ndipo inachiritsidwa. Kenako, ngati khansa yatsopano ibuka m'mawere anu ena, kutanthauza kuti, bere lomwe linali mbali inayo komwe kunalibe khansa kale, silimaonedwa ngati 'kubwereranso'. Madokotala amatcha 'khansa yachiwiri'.

Ndi mitundu iti ya khansa ya m'mawere yomwe ingabwerenso?

Malinga ndi bungwe la American Cancer Society, khansa ya m'mawere yotupa (IBC) ndi khansa ya m'mawere yopanda matenda atatu (TNBC) ndizomwe zimabwereranso kuposa mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mawere. Mitundu iyi ndi yoopsa kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake imafala kwambiri.

Kodi khansa ya m'mawere imabweranso bwanji nthawi zambiri?

Ndipotu, izi sizinthu zomwe zimachitikira aliyense, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizichitika kawirikawiri. Komabe, kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa nthawi zomwe izi zimachitika kumadalira zinthu zambiri, monga gawo la khansa yanu yoyambirira komanso chithandizo chomwe mudalandira.

Kodi nthawi zambiri zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti khansa ibwererenso?

Nthawi zambiri, ngati khansa yabwerera pamalo omwewo pambuyo pa opaleshoni yochotsa bere , yomwe ndi opaleshoni yomwe imachotsa gawo lokha la bere, nthawi zambiri imachitika mkati mwa zaka zisanu zoyambirira. Komabe, ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha radiation pambuyo pa opaleshoni yochotsa bere , chiopsezochi chingachepe kwambiri. Mankhwala awiriwa akaphatikizidwa, mwayi woti khansa ibwererenso mkati mwa zaka 10 umachepa kufika pakati pa 3% ndi 15%. Nthawi zina, kutengera zinthu monga kuyezetsa majini anu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizo china kuti muchepetse chiopsezochi.

Kuchuluka kwa khansa kubwereranso n’kosiyana pang’ono kwa anthu omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ya mastectomy , yomwe imaphatikizapo kuchotsa bere lonse:

• Ngati panalibe maselo a khansa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa a m'chiuno pamene munachitidwa opaleshoni yoyamba, mwayi woti khansayo ibwererenso mkati mwa zaka zisanu ndi pafupifupi 6%.
• Komabe, ngati pali maselo a khansa m'ma lymph nodes m'khwapa, mwayi wobwereranso ndi pafupifupi 25%. Komabe, ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha radiation mutachotsa mastectomy , chiopsezochi chikhoza kuchepetsedwa kufika pa 6%.

Kodi zizindikiro za kubwereranso kwa khansa ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe khansa imabwerera. Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro sizifanana khansa ikabwerera pamalo omwewo (kubwereranso kwa malo), koma ikafalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi (kubwereranso kwa malo).

Kubwereranso kwa matendawa m'deralo kungabwere ndi zizindikiro monga:

• Kumva chotupa chatsopano m'mawere kapena pansi pa khungu la pachifuwa.
• Kusintha kwa nipple: Nipple ingaoneke ngati yatembenukira m'mbuyo, kapena pakhoza kukhala kutuluka madzi kuchokera mu nipple.
• (Lumpectomy) Khungu lozungulira malo ochitira opaleshoni limatupa ndipo limaoneka ngati likukokedwa mkati.
• Kukhuthala kwa khungu pamwamba kapena mozungulira chilonda cha opaleshoni.
• Minofu ya m'mawere imakhala yolimba kuposa nthawi zonse.

Kubwereranso kwa matendawa m'madera ena kungabwere ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kosalekeza .
• Kuvuta kumeza .
• Kumva kupweteka, kutupa, kapena dzanzi m'dzanja limodzi kapena phewa.
• Ma lymph nodes otupa m'khwapa kapena mozungulira khosi.

Pakubwereranso kwakutali (Kutali / Kufalikira kwa Matenda / Kubwereranso kwa Gawo Lachinayi), zizindikirozi zimatha kukhudza chiwalo chilichonse. Ndiko kuti, malo monga mafupa, mapapo, ubongo, ndi chiwindi. Zizindikiro zimasiyana kutengera komwe khansa yafalikira. Zingaphatikizepo:

• Ululu pamene khansa yafalikira, makamaka m'mafupa .
• Chifuwa chouma chosatha .
• Zinthu monga chizungulire, kulephera kulinganiza bwino zinthu, ndi khunyu.
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri (Kutopa Kwambiri) .
• Kutaya chilakolako cha chakudya, nseru, kuchepa thupi.
• Mutu waukulu .
• Kumva dzanzi kapena kufooka m'mbali zina za thupi.

N’chifukwa chiyani khansa ya m’mawere iyi ikubwereranso?

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe khansa ya m'mawere imabwerera ndichakuti maselo ena a khansa m'mawere anu sanawonongeke kwathunthu ndi mankhwala omwe mudalandira. Mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere ndi othandiza kwambiri, koma kodi mukudziwa kuti maselo a khansa awa ndi achinyengo kwambiri?

• Nthawi zina, mankhwala amatha kuchepetsa zotupa ndikufooketsa maselo a khansa mpaka kufika poti sangathe kuzindikirika ndi mayeso. Koma maselo amenewo amakhalapobe. Pakapita nthawi, maselo amenewo amatha kukhala olimba kachiwiri, kuyamba kukula kachiwiri, ndikupanga zotupa zatsopano.
• Opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa cha khansa si nthawi zonse yopambana 100%. Opaleshoni isanachitike, maselo a khansa amatha kufalikira ku ma lymph nodes, minofu, kapena magazi apafupi.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa iyi kubwerera?

Aliyense amene wakhalapo ndi khansa ya m'mawere akhoza kubwereranso. Komabe, chiopsezo chanu chobwereranso khansa chimadalira zinthu zingapo:

• Zaka: Azimayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere asanakwanitse zaka 35 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wobwereranso khansayo.
• Gawo la Khansa: Mukapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere koyamba, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito gawo la khansayo kukonzekera chithandizo ndi kulosera zamtsogolo. Pali ubale pakati pa gawo lomwe khansayo idapezeka koyamba ndi chiopsezo choti khansayo ibwererenso. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya Gawo III ali ndi mwayi waukulu wobwereranso khansayo kuposa munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya Gawo I kapena Gawo II .
• Mtundu wa Khansa: Khansa zomwe zimakhala zoopsa komanso zofalikira mwachangu, monga Khansa ya M'mawere Yotupa kapena Khansa Yam'mawere Yopanda Katatu, zimakhala zovuta kuchiza. Chifukwa chake, khansa zotere zimatha kubwereranso ndikufalikira.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwere ngati khansa yabwereranso?

Kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere kungakhale kovuta ikabwereranso kapena kufalikira:

• Mankhwala omwe adagwira ntchito kale mwina sangakhale othandiza nthawi ino. Dokotala wanu angayesenso mankhwala ena. Angakulimbikitseninso kuti mutenge nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala , omwe ndi kafukufuku wofufuza za mankhwala atsopano.
• (Khansa ya m'mawere yofalikira), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti khansa ili m'malo angapo m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchiza. (Koma kumbukirani, mosasamala kanthu komwe khansa ya m'mawere imafalikira, imaonedwabe ngati khansa ya m'mawere. Chifukwa maselo a m'mawere ndi osiyana ndi maselo a m'mapapo, maselo a mafupa, kapena maselo m'malo ena komwe khansa ingafalikire.)

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji kuti khansa yabwerera?

Mayeso ena omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira khansa ya m'mawere poyamba akuchitika tsopano:

• Mayeso a Mammogram
• Kuyezetsa kwa Ultrasound
• Ma scan monga (MRI) , (CT Scan) kapena (PET Scan - Positron Emission Tomography Scan)
• Kuyezetsa magazi kuti aone zizindikiro za chotupa
• Kujambula minofu kumatanthauza kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu ndikuchiyang'ana.

Kodi mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere yobwerezabwereza ndi ati?

Njira zochiritsira zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe khansa yabwereranso komanso mankhwala omwe aperekedwa kale. Mwachitsanzo:

• Ngati mudachitidwapo opaleshoni ya lumpectomy kale chifukwa cha khansa ya m'deralo kapena ya m'deralo, nthawi ino dokotala wanu angakulangizeni opaleshoni ya mastectomy kuti muchotse bere limodzi kapena onse awiri, komanso ma lymph nodes apafupi.
• Ngati munachitidwapo opaleshoni ya lumpectomy kale, mutha kuchitidwa opaleshoni ina pamodzi ndi chithandizo cha radiation. Muyenera kukambirana izi ndi dokotala wanu.
• Ngati khansa ibwereranso m'bere lomwe lakonzedwanso, dokotalayo angafunike kuchotsa choyikamo cha bere kapena chotchingira khungu.
• Ngati munachitidwapo opaleshoni ya mastectomy kale, nthawi ino chithandizocho chingaphatikizepo opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa chatsopano, kenako chithandizo cha radiation .

Kuwonjezera pa izi, palinso njira zina zochiritsira:

• Chithandizo cha Mahomoni
• (Chemotherapy) (Timaitcha kuti chemotherapy)
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy
• Chithandizo Cholunjika

Kodi chithandizo cha khansa yofalikira m'thupi ndi chiyani?

Chithandizo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere yomwe yafalikira ndi chithandizo cha thupi lonse, chomwe chimakhudza thupi lonse. Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala a chemotherapy , mankhwala a mahomoni , chithandizo cha immunotherapy , ndi chithandizo cholunjika .

Ngati khansayo ibwerera, kodi idzakhala yoipa kuposa kale?

Kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere yomwe yabweranso kungakhale kovuta. Koma sizitanthauza kuti nthawi zonse imakhala yoipa kuposa khansa yoyambirira. Ngati muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere yomwe yabweranso, mungapatsidwe chithandizo chosiyana ndi chomwe munapatsidwa kale, kapena chithandizo champhamvu monga opaleshoni, kapena mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri oletsa khansa. Zambiri zimadalira mkhalidwe wanu. Choncho munthu wabwino kufunsa zomwe mungayembekezere ndi dokotala wanu.

Kodi khansa yobwerezabwereza ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Zimatengera momwe zinthu zilili. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati cholinga cha chithandizochi nthawi ino ndikuchiritsa khansa yonse, kapena kuwongolera kukula ndi kufalikira kwake. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kupeza lingaliro lomveka bwino.

Kodi mwayi wopulumuka khansa ukabweranso ndi wotani?

Nkhaniyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa moyo wa zaka zisanu munthu akapezeka ndi khansa ndi motere:

• Khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imapezeka m'derali ndi pafupifupi 99% ya milandu yonse ya khansa ya m'mawere.
• Khansa ya m'mawere ya m'chigawo ndi pafupifupi 86%.
• Pafupifupi 27% ya milandu yafalikira patali, kutanthauza khansa ya m'mawere yofalikira .

Koma izi ndizofunikira kwambiri : Ziwerengero za kupulumuka khansa izi ndi ziwerengero chabe zochokera ku zomwe gulu lalikulu la anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lomweli. Komanso, ziwerengerozi zimachokera ku chidziwitso chomwe chingakhalepo zaka zapitazo. Ganizirani za kusiyana pakati pa selfie yomwe mudajambula zaka zisanu zapitazo ndi yomwe mudajambula dzulo. Monga momwe mumaonekera, ziwerengero za kupulumuka izi zimasintha pakapita nthawi, pamene mankhwala atsopano akubwera ndipo sayansi ya zamankhwala ikupita patsogolo.

Mwina awa ndi mafunso omwe munali nawo pamene munadziwa koyamba kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Dokotala wanu ndiye anali gwero lanu labwino kwambiri la chidziwitso panthawiyo, ndipo akadali. Choncho musachite mantha ndi ziwerengerozi. Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni chidziwitso cholondola kwambiri chokhudza matenda anu.

Kodi khansa ya m'mawere ingalepheretsedwe kuti isabwererenso?

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mankhwala ena amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kubwereranso kwa mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mawere. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a mahomoni , monga tamoxifen kapena aromatase inhibitors, amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kubwereranso kwa khansa ya m'mawere mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere yolandira estrogen (ER-positive kapena ER+) . Chemotherapy pambuyo pa opaleshoni (yotchedwa adjuvant therapy ) ingachepetsenso chiopsezocho.

Koma, kawirikawiri, akatswiri sakumvetsa bwino chifukwa chake khansa ya m'mawere imabwereranso mwa anthu ena osati mwa ena.Ngati mutenganso khansa ya m'mawere, musaganize kuti ndi chifukwa cha chinthu chomwe munachita kapena chomwe simunachite. Si vuto lanu.

Ngakhale simungathe kuletsa khansa ya m'mawere kuti isabwererenso, ndikofunikira kudziyesa nokha nthawi zonse komanso kufufuzanso mabere monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Izi zingathandize dokotala wanu kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere yofalikira msanga, pamene zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.

Kodi ndiyenera kudzisamalira bwanji? (mwamaganizo komanso mwakuthupi)

Ngati mwakhalanso ndi khansa ya m'mawere, mwina mukukhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Zimenezo ndi zachilendo.

• Mungakhale okwiya chifukwa choti muyeneranso kuthana ndi chithandizo cha khansa ichi.
• Zingakhale zokhumudwitsa kukumananso ndi vutoli, zomwe zimakupangitsani kumva ngati mwataya mphamvu pa thanzi lanu.
• Nkhawa ndi mantha okhudza tsogolo zingabwere m'maganizo mwanga.
• Popeza palibe chitsimikizo chakuti khansayo sidzabweranso, zingakhale zokhumudwitsa.

Ndi zachilendo kumva malingaliro amenewa. Koma ngati mukumva kuti muli mumkhalidwe woipa, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye angakuthandizeni kuganiza bwino ndi mantha anu. Angakutumizireninso kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo kuti akuthandizeni kumvetsetsa ndikuwongolera malingaliro anu.

Nazi zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse nkhawa zomwe mumakhala nazo chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mawere:

• Pitirizani kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Yang'anani kwambiri pa kudzaza mbale yanu ndi ndiwo zamasamba zosiyanasiyana, zipatso, mapuloteni opanda mafuta ambiri, ndi tirigu wonse. Kudya bwino kudzakuthandizani kukhalabe ndi mphamvu panthawi ya chithandizo.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumachepetsa nkhawa ndipo kungakuthandizeninso kuthana ndi mavuto ena amisala omwe amabwera chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mawere.
• Ganizirani za chisamaliro cha palliative: Opereka chithandizo cha palliative amakuthandizani kuthana ndi zizindikiro ndi zotsatirapo za chithandizo.
• Chitani nawo mbali mu Mapulogalamu Othandiza Anthu Odwala Khansa: Mwakhala mukupulumuka kuyambira tsiku lomwe munapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Funsani dokotala wanu za mapulogalamu ndi mautumiki omwe amapangidwira anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere yobwerezabwereza.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse m'mawere anu, kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga chifuwa, mutu, kapena kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes komwe kumapitirira ndipo sikutha, muyenera kuwona dokotala wanu.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati mayeso atsimikizira kuti khansa yanu ya m'mawere yabwerera, mungafune kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi khansa ya m'mawere imabwereranso bwanji?
• Ngati yafalikira, yafalikira kuti?
• Kodi khansa iyi ili pati?
• Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?
• Kodi zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti za mavuto zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa?

Kodi ndingakhale wotsimikiza kuti khansayo sidzabweranso?

Mwatsoka, palibe amene angakupatseni chitsimikizo chimenecho. Ngakhale mayeso atakhala kuti sakupeza zizindikiro zilizonse za khansa ya m'mawere, pakhoza kukhalabe maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa omwe sapezeka omwe apulumuka chithandizo cha khansa yomwe yabwerera. Komanso, maselo a khansa amatha kuyenda kuchokera pabere lanu kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi lanu. Ngati atatero, amatha kukula pamenepo ndikupanga zotupa.

Kupeza kuti khansa yanu ya m'mawere yabwerera kungakhale kovuta kuchita. N'zomveka kumva kukhumudwa, kukwiya, komanso mantha. Komabe, mwina munasangalala kwambiri mutalandira chithandizo ndikupeza kuti khansayo yatha. Tsopano, yabwerera. Zingamveke ngati maloto oipa kachiwiri. Koma kudziwa izi kungakupatseni mtendere wamumtima: Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere yomwe yabwerera nthawi zambiri chingachotse khansa yomwe yabwerera. Muthanso kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala omwe akuwunika mankhwala atsopano. Ngati khansa yanu ya m'mawere yabwerera, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani njira zabwino kwambiri zochizira, kuphatikizapo mayeso azachipatala .

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Kubwereranso kwa khansa ya m'mawere ndi chinthu choopsa. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa izi, kulabadira zizindikiro zake, ndikukambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu.

• Musadandaule: si khansa zonse zomwe zimabwerera, ndipo ngakhale zitabweranso, pali mankhwala.
• Mvetserani thupi lanu: Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muwona zotupa zatsopano, ululu, kapena kusintha.
• Musaphonye mayeso oyenera: Pezani mayeso otsatira monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
• Simuli nokha: banja lanu, anzanu, ndi gulu lachipatala adzakuthandizani. Chithandizo chamaganizo n'chofunikanso kwambiri.
• Yesetsani kukhala ndi chiyembekezo: Chithandizo chingakhale chopambana, ndipo mankhwala atsopano akutuluka nthawi zonse.

Kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti akupatseni malangizo, choncho musazengereze kuwafunsa ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa.

Khansa ya m'mawere , Kubwerezabwereza kwa Khansa, Kubwerezabwereza kwa Khansa ya m'mawere, Zizindikiro za Khansa, Chithandizo cha Khansa, Khansa ya m'mawere yofalikira, Thanzi la Akazi