Kodi mtima ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane za injini yaying'ono iyi!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti phokoso losalekeza la 'kukumba' lomwe limachokera mkati mwa chifuwa chanu limachokera kuti, ndipo n’chiyani chikuliyambitsa? Ndi mtima wathu, chiwalo chaching'ono koma champhamvu kwambiri chonga injini chomwe chimapatsa matupi athu moyo. Lero, tikambirana za chiwalo chodabwitsachi, momwe chimagwirira ntchito, matenda omwe chimayambitsa, ndi zomwe tingachite kuti chikhale chathanzi.

Kodi mtima ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, mtima wanu ndi chiwalo chaching'ono, koma chofunikira kwambiri, chofanana ndi nkhonya yanu. Uli ngati pampu yayikulu yamagazi m'thupi lathu. Umapopa magazi m'thupi lathu lonse. Makina odabwitsa awa amapangidwa ndi minofu ndi minofu.

Mtima wanu uli ndi zipinda zinayi zazikulu, monga zipinda zomwe zili m'nyumba. Magazi amalowa m'zipinda izi ndipo amakhala momwemo kwa kanthawi asanatulutsidwe kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Mtima umagunda ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Mphamvu zimenezi zimayendetsa magazi m'zipinda izi. Ubongo wanu ndi dongosolo lanu la mitsempha zimalamulira ntchito ya mtima.

Ndiye, n’chiyani kwenikweni chimachitika mumtima?

Ntchito yaikulu ya mtima ndikupompa magazi m'thupi lonse . Magazi awa amapereka mpweya ndi michere yonse m'thupi mwathu. Amanyamulanso zinyalala, monga carbon dioxide, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi maselo ndikuzipereka ku ziwalo zina komwe zingachotsedwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, mtima wanu umachita zinthu zina:

• Imalamulira liwiro ndi kayimbidwe ka kugunda kwa mtima wanu.
• Zimathandiza kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kukhale pamlingo woyenera.

Mtima suchita zinthu izi wokha. Umagwira ntchito limodzi ndi machitidwe ena:

• Dongosolo Lamitsempha: Dongosolo lamitsempha limathandiza kulamulira kugunda kwa mtima wanu. Limatumiza zizindikiro kuti lichepetse kugunda kwa mtima wanu mukagona ndikufulumizitsa kugunda kwa mtima wanu mukapanikizika. Tangoganizirani momwe mtima wanu umagunda mofulumira musanachite mayeso!
• Dongosolo la Endocrine :Dongosololi limatulutsa mahomoni . Mahomoni awa amauza mitsempha yanu yamagazi kuti ichepetse kapena kukulitsa. Izi zimakhudza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mwachitsanzo, mahomoni ochokera ku gland yanu ya chithokomiro amatha kusintha momwe mtima wanu umagunda mofulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono.

Kodi ziwalo za mtima ndi ziti? Zili ngati nyumba!

Tikhoza kuganiza za ziwalo za mtima ngati ziwalo za nyumba yaikulu. Yang'anani kufotokozera uku:

• Makoma: Monga makoma a nyumba.
• Zipinda: Zingaganizidwe ngati zipinda.
• Ma valve: Monga zitseko za zipinda, amatha kutseguka ndi kutsekedwa.
• Mitsempha ya magazi : Monga momwe mapaipi amadzi amagwirira ntchito m'nyumba.
• Dongosolo loyendetsera magetsi: Monga makina olumikizira magetsi omwe amapereka magetsi kunyumba.

Makoma a mtima

Makoma a mtima wanu amapangidwa ndi minofu yomwe imakoka ndikukulira kuti ithandize kupopa magazi m'thupi lanu lonse. Makoma a mtima amagawidwa m'mbali zakumanja ndi zakumanzere ndi minofu yotchedwa septum .

Pali zigawo zitatu mu khoma la mtima:

• Endocardium: Gawo lamkati kwambiri.
• Myocardium: Gawo lapakati la minofu. Ichi ndi chomwe chimathandizira kwambiri kugunda kwa mtima.
• Epicardium: Chigawo chakunja choteteza.

Epicardium iyi ndi gawo limodzi la pericardium yanu. Pericardium ndi thumba loteteza lomwe limazungulira mtima wanu wonse. Limapanga madzi odzola mtima ndikuletsa kuti usagundane ndi ziwalo zina.

Zipinda zamtima

Mtima wanu uli ndi zipinda zinayi zosiyana, monga zipinda zinayi. Pali zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba (atria) ndi zipinda ziwiri zapansi (ventricles), kumbali yakumanja ndi kumanzere kwa mtima.

• Atrium yakumanja: Mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri imabweretsa magazi opanda mpweya wabwino kupita ku atrium yakumanja. Vena cava yapamwamba imabweretsa magazi kuchokera kumtunda kwa thupi. Vena cava yotsikaKenako atrium yakumanja imapompa magazi awa kupita ku ventricle yakumanja.
• Ventilaki yakumanja: Chipinda chakumanja ichi chapansi chimatumiza magazi opanda mpweya m'mapapo kudzera mu mtsempha wa m'mapapo . Kenako mapapo amabwezeretsanso mpweya m'magazi.
• Atrium yakumanzere: Magazi akapatsidwa mpweya ndi mapapo, mitsempha ya m'mapapo imabweretsa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wochuluka kupita ku atrium yakumanzere. Chipinda chapamwamba ichi chimapompa magazi kupita ku ventricle yakumanzere.
• Ventilasi yakumanzere: Ventilasi yakumanzere ndi yayikulu pang'ono kuposa ventilasi yakumanja. Izi zili choncho chifukwa imapopa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri m'thupi lonse. Choncho imafuna mphamvu yochulukirapo.

Ma valve a mtima

Ma valve a mtima wanu ali ngati zitseko pakati pa zipinda za mtima wanu. Amatseguka ndi kutseka kuti magazi ayende bwino. Amaletsanso magazi kuyenda molakwika. Kodi sizodabwitsa zimenezo?

Ma valve a Atrioventricular (AV)

Ma valve awa amatseguka pakati pa zipinda zapamwamba ndi zapansi pa mtima wanu.

• Valavu ya tricuspid: Chitseko pakati pa atrium yanu yakumanja ndi ventricle yakumanja.
• Valavu ya Mitral: Chitseko pakati pa atrium yanu yakumanzere ndi ventricle yakumanzere.

Ma valve a Semilunar (SL)

Ma valve amenewa amatseguka magazi akatuluka m'mitsempha yanu. Ndi awa:

• Valavu ya mtsempha wamagazi: Imatseguka pamene magazi akuyenda kuchokera kumanzere kwa ventricle kupita ku aorta (mtsempha waukulu womwe umanyamula magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri kupita nawo ku thupi).
• Vavu ya m'mapapo: Imatsegula magazi akamayenda kuchokera ku ventricle yanu yakumanja kupita ku mitsempha ya m'mapapo (mtundu wokhawo wa mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi opanda mpweya kupita nawo ku mapapo).

Mitsempha ya magazi

Mtima wanu umapopa magazi kudzera m'mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya mitsempha yamagazi:

• Mitsempha yamagazi: Mitsempha imeneyi imanyamula magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri kuchokera mumtima kupita ku minofu ya thupi. Komabe, mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo mwanu ndi yosiyana, imanyamula magazi ochepa okhala ndi mpweya wambiri kupita ku mapapo.
• Mitsempha: Izi zimabwezeretsa magazi omwe atha mpweya kumtima.
• Ma capillaries: Awa ndi mitsempha yamagazi yabwino kwambiri. Magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri komanso kusasinthana kwa magazi komwe sikuli bwino kudzera m'mitsempha iyi.

Dongosolo loyendetsera magetsi - 'mphamvu' mumtima

Dongosolo loyendetsa mtima lili ngati mawaya amagetsi m'nyumba. Limalamulira kamvekedwe ndi liwiro la kugunda kwa mtima wanu. Zizindikiro zimayambira pamwamba pa mtima ndikutsika. Dongosolo loyendetsa mtima ili limaphatikizapo:

• Node ya Sinoatrial (SA):Zizindikiro zomwe zimapangitsa kugunda kwa mtima zimachokera pano. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zimatchedwa 'chothandizira mtima mwachilengedwe'.
• Nthiti ya Atrioventricular (AV): Imatulutsa zizindikiro zamagetsi kuchokera m'zipinda zapamwamba za mtima kupita ku zipinda zapansi.
• Mtolo wa nthambi zake, za kumanzere ndi za kumanja, ndi ulusi wa Purkinje: Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa maselo a mtima wanu kufinya ndikutulutsa magazi.

Kodi matenda ofala omwe amakhudza mtima ndi ati?

Matenda a mtima ndi amodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri. Ndipotu, m'maiko ena, ndi omwe amachititsa imfa zambiri.

Nazi matenda ena ofala omwe angakhudze mtima wanu:

• Arrhythmia: Kugunda kwa mtima komwe kumachitika mofulumira kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono kwambiri, kapena kosasinthasintha.
• Matenda a mtima : Kukhuthala, kukula, kapena kuuma kwa minofu ya mtima kosazolowereka.
• Kulephera kwa mtima: Mtima umakhala wolimba kapena wofooka kwambiri moti sungathe kupompa magazi bwino.
• Matenda a mitsempha ya mtima: Mafuta amasonkhana mkati mwa mitsempha ya mtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ichepetse.
• Matenda a mtima / Myocardial infarction: Kutsekeka mwadzidzidzi kwa mitsempha ya mtima, zomwe zimalepheretsa mpweya m'minyewa ya mtima.
• Matenda a valavu ya mtima: Vavu ya mtima yomwe sigwira ntchito bwino.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi: Magazi anu amakankhira mwamphamvu makoma a mitsempha yanu.
• Cholesterol yambiri: Kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta m'magazi mwanu.

Kodi mungatani kuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi?

Ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza mtima wanu,Ndikofunikira kutsatira ndondomeko ya chithandizo ya dokotala wanu molondola. Palinso kusintha kwina kwa moyo komwe mungasinthe kuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi.