Kuyezetsa magazi mwachinsinsi komwe kumayambitsa matenda a mtima, aliyense ayenera kudziwa (Lipoprotein(a) - Lp(a))

Mumapereka magazi kuti muone cholesterol yanu ndikupeza lipotilo. LDL, HDL, triglycerides... Ndi mpumulo waukulu kuona kuti chilichonse chili bwino, eti? "O... ndilibe cholesterol, sindidzakhala ndi mavuto a mtima," mungaganize. Koma, kodi mumadziwa za mdani wobisika yemwe samawonekera mu lipotilo la cholesterol wamba, koma ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa matenda a mtima? Lero tikambirana za zimenezo.

Kodi Lipoprotein(a) kapena Lp(a) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Lipoprotein(a) , kapena Lp(a) mwachidule, ndi tinthu tokhala ndi mafuta m'magazi mwathu, monga cholesterol. Koma iyi ndi yapadera pang'ono. Tinthu ta Lp(a) timeneti tingamamatire kwambiri m'makoma a mitsempha yathu yamagazi (mitsempha yamagazi) kuposa cholesterol ya LDL yomwe tonse timaidziwa kuti "cholesterol yoyipa", ndikuyitseka pang'onopang'ono. Tangoganizirani kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu, pamene Lp(a) iyi ikuwonjezeka, kuyenda kwa magazi mkati mwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi kumatsekedwa. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha matenda a mtima otchedwa atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) . Matendawa ndi omwe amachititsa matenda akuluakulu monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko pakapita nthawi.

Vuto lalikulu ndi izi ndikuti kuchuluka kwa Lp(a) kumawonjezeka kuposa zomwe timadya kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma chifukwa cha majini athu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ndi chinthu chomwe timalandira kuchokera kwa makolo athu. Kaya mukukhala ndi thanzi labwino bwanji, kuchuluka kwa Lp(a) yanu kumatha kukhala kokwera m'majini. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, ngakhale lipoti lanu labwino la cholesterol lili bwino, ndikofunikira kudziwa za chiopsezo chobisikachi.

N’chifukwa chiyani mayesowa ndi ofunikira kwambiri? Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?

Mpaka posachedwapa, mayeso a Lp(a) anali kufotokozedwa kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri a mtima. Koma zimenezo zikusintha. Mabungwe azachipatala otsogola padziko lonse lapansi tsopano akulangiza kuti munthu wamkulu aliyense ayenera kuyesedwa Lp(a) kamodzi pa moyo wake .

Tangoganizirani, pali odwala ena omwe adachitidwapo opaleshoni ya mtima kawiri kapena katatu, stents, opaleshoni ya bypass, koma palibe chifukwa chomwe izi zikuchitikira. M'mayesero otere, pamene mulingo wa Lp(a) umayang'aniridwa, umapezeka kuti ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ichi chikhoza kukhala chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chakhala chobisika kwa nthawi yayitali.

Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana pakati pa mayeso a cholesterol wamba ndi mayeso a Lp(a) mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?

Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi milingo yokwera ya Lp(a), magulu ena akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pang'ono:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja lawo ya matenda a mtima: Ngati wachibale wanu wapafupi, monga amayi anu, abambo anu, kapena abale anu, adadwala matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko ali aang'ono (osakwana zaka 55 kwa amuna, osakwana zaka 65 kwa akazi), muli ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi Lp(a) milingo yambiri.
• Mafuko ena: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu ochokera ku Africa akhoza kukhala ndi Lp(a) yapamwamba kuposa mafuko ena.
• Azimayi omwe asiya kusamba: Kuchuluka kwa Lp(a) kungakwere pang'ono mwa akazi omwe asiya kusamba.
• Odwala matenda a shuga: Kuphatikiza kwa matenda a shuga ndi kuchuluka kwa Lp(a) kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Kodi timatani ngati mulingo wa Lp(a) uli wokwera?

Chabwino, tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, "Nanga bwanji ngati mulingo wanga wa Lp(a) uli wokwera? Kodi pali mankhwala a izi?" Ili ndi funso lofunika kwambiri.

Pakadali pano, mankhwala omwe amakhudza mwachindunji ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa Lp(a) akadali kumapeto kwa kafukufuku. Pali chiyembekezo chachikulu cha mankhwala monga Pelacarsen , omwe zotsatira zake zikuyembekezeka kupezeka pofika chaka cha 2025.

Koma, simungangoyembekezera kuti zichitike. Chinthu chachikulu chokha ndikudziwa kuti mulingo wanu wa Lp(a) ndi wokwera. Mwanjira imeneyi, inu ndi dokotala wanu mutha kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima.

Ngati mulingo wanu wa Lp(a) uli wokwera, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni izi:

1. Yesetsani kulamulira cholesterol ya LDL: Ngati Lp(a) yanu ili yokwera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti LDL ("cholesterol yoyipa") ikhale yotsika momwe mungathere. Izi zitha kuchitika popereka mankhwala monga ma statins .

2. Kulamulira zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda: Zinthu zina zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, kusuta fodya, ndi kunenepa kwambiri ziyenera kulamulidwa bwino.

3. Kudziwitsa banja: Popeza kuchuluka kwa Lp(a) ndi majini, ngati kuchuluka kwa Lp(a) kwanu kuli kokwera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsa ana anu, abale anu, ndi makolo anu kuti nawonso ayesedwe.

Chidziwitso chapadera chokhudza mankhwala a statin

Pali malingaliro olakwika pakati pa ena akuti mankhwala a statin cholesterol amatha kukweza pang'ono milingo ya Lp(a). Izi zitha kukhala zoona. Komabe, ubwino wa ma statins pakuchepetsa cholesterol ya LDL ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima umaposa kwambiri zotsatirapo zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa milingo ya Lp(a). Chifukwa chake, musasiye kumwa statin yanu popanda upangiri wa dokotala.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa Lp(a) yanu. Ngakhale kuti iyi si mayeso achizolowezi, mwina angakutumizireni mayesowa mutakambirana za mbiri ya banja lanu ndi zoopsa zake. Iyi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri yomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino mtsogolo.