Kodi mulinso ndi mafunso okhudza cholesterol? Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mosavuta!

Mwina mwamvapo mawu oti 'cholesterol' nthawi zambiri mukapita ku chipatala kapena munthu wamkulu akamalankhula kunyumba, sichoncho? Anthu ena amaopa kwambiri, pomwe ena samvetsa kwenikweni. Kodi cholesterol kwenikweni ndi chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuda nkhawa kwambiri nayo? Lero, tiyeni timvetse zonsezi mosavuta, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi cholesterol kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, cholesterol ndi mafuta opangidwa mwachibadwa m'thupi lathu. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi chiwindi chathu. Timapezanso cholesterol kuchokera muzakudya zina zomwe timadya. Ndipotu, cholesterol ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino.

Taganizirani thupi lathu ngati nyumba. Cholesterol ili ngati matope apadera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumanga makoma a nyumbayi. Selo lililonse m'thupi lathu lili ndi cholesterol m'maselo ake, kuphatikizapo maselo mu ubongo wathu, mitsempha, minofu, khungu, chiwindi, matumbo, komanso mtima. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol ndi yofunika kwambiri m'thupi.

Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuopa kwambiri cholesterol?

Vutoli limayamba, monga china chilichonse, pamene cholesterol yakwera kwambiri m'thupi. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda monga matenda a mtima.

Monga momwe chitoliro cha madzi chimatsekeredwa ndi dothi ndi dzimbiri pakapita nthawi, cholesterol ikachuluka, imayamba kusonkhana m'makoma a mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita kumtima mwathu. Mu zamankhwala, cholesterol imasonkhana m'mitsempha mwanjira iyi, yomwe timaitcha kuti atherosclerosis . Mitsempha ikatsekeredwa mwanjira iyi, kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi mpweya zomwe zimafika pamtima kumachepa. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa monga kupweteka pachifuwa, matenda a mtima, ndi sitiroko .

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa cholesterol "yabwino" ndi "yoyipa"?

Mukayang'ana lipoti la cholesterol, muwona kuti pali mitundu iwiri: LDL ndi HDL. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi.

• Cholesterol ya LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein): Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti "choyipa". Monga munthu amene amataya magazi mumsewu, cholesterol ya LDL iyi ndi yomwe imayikidwa yokha pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyitseka. LDL ikachuluka, chiopsezo cha matenda amtima chimawonjezeka.

• Cholesterol ya HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti cholesterol "yabwino". Monga galimoto yonyamula zinyalala, cholesterol ya HDL imachotsa cholesterol "yoyipa" ya LDL yomwe yasonkhana m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyibweza ku chiwindi. Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa HDL kukakhala kwakukulu, kumakhala bwino kwa ife.

Kodi cholesterol iyenera kukhala yotani?

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti mulingo wonse wa cholesterol m'thupi lanu ukhale pansi pa 200 mg/dL. Koma simungapange zisankho potengera nambala imodzi yokha. Muyenera kuyang'ana chithunzi chonse.

• Cholesterol ("yoipa") ya LDL: Yochepera 100 mg/dL ndi yabwino kwambiri. Pakati pa 130-159 ndi yokwera kwambiri. Kupitirira 190 ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima, sitiroko, ndi matenda ena.
• Cholesterol ya HDL ("yabwino"): Ikakhala yayikulu, imakhala yabwino kwambiri. 60 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo ndi yabwino kwambiri. Chilichonse chochepera 40 ndi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a mtima.
• Ma triglycerides: Uwu ndi mtundu wina wa mafuta m'magazi. Ndi bwino kusunga mafutawa pansi pa 150 mg/dL. Ngati ali pamwamba pa 200, chithandizo chingafunike.

Kodi mungachite chiyani kuti muchepetse cholesterol?

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti titha kuchita zambiri poletsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi mwa kusintha moyo wathu. Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe tingachite:

• Zakudya zabwino:
• Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, mafuta ambiri, ndi cholesterol yambiri (monga nyama yofiira, masoseji, pizza, batala, zakudya za mkaka zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri) momwe mungathere.
• Chotsani khungu la zinthu monga nkhuku ndipo idyani.
• Phikani chakudya mwa kuwiritsa, kuwotcha, kuwotcha, kapena kuchiphika ndi nthunzi m'malo mokazinga.
• Onjezani zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zitsamba zambiri muzakudya zanu.
• Mukadya buledi ndi mpunga, sankhani zopangidwa ndi tirigu wonse (monga mpunga wa tirigu wonse, urad dal, ufa wa atta).

• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi:
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera mphindi 30 patsiku omwe amakupangitsani kutuluka thukuta komanso kukweza liwiro lanu lopuma. Zinthu monga kuyenda mwachangu, kuthamanga, kukwera njinga, ndi kusambira zonse ndi zabwino kwambiri.
• Chofunika: Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri pa masewera olimbitsa thupi oyenera komanso otetezeka kwa inu.

• Zinthu zina:
• Ngati muli onenepa kwambiri, yesani kuchepetsa thupi .
• Ngati mukusuta, siyani nthawi yomweyo. Kusuta kumachepetsa cholesterol "yabwino" ya HDL ndikuwononga mitsempha yamagazi.
• Ngati muli ndi mankhwala aliwonse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, amwe monga momwe mwalangizidwira, panthawi yoyenera, komanso mu mlingo woyenera.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa cholesterol?

Ngati kusintha kwa moyo wanu kokha sikukulamulira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala. Ena mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi awa:

• Mitundu ya ma statins
• Ezetimibe
• Zoletsa za PCSK9
• Ma resini a bile acid
• Niacin
• Ma Fibrate

Kodi muyenera kuyamba kuyeza cholesterol yanu pa msinkhu uti?

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mitsempha (atherosclerosis) kumachitika pang'onopang'ono kwa zaka zambiri, choncho ndikofunikira kusamala ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anu muli aang'ono .

Kawirikawiri amalangizidwa kuti muyezedwe cholesterol yanu kamodzi pakati pa zaka 9 ndi 11, komanso pakati pa zaka 17 ndi 21. Ndi bwino kuyezetsa cholesterol yanu msanga, makamaka ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi matenda a mtima ali wamng'ono, kapena ngati muli ndi mbiri ya banja lanu yokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri .