Mukalandira bala laling'ono, kutuluka magazi kumasiya pakapita kanthawi, sichoncho? Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chitetezo champhamvu m'thupi lathu. Koma kwa anthu ena, njira yotsekereza magazi siichitika bwino. Ngakhale bala laling'ono lingayambitse kutuluka magazi kosalekeza. Lero tikulankhula za hemophilia, matenda obadwa nawo omwe amachititsa kuti magazi asatseke bwino.
Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi hemophilia?
Mwachidule, matupi athu akayamba kutuluka magazi, njira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala zimayamba kuyimitsa magaziwo. Zotsatira zake ndi kupangika kwa magazi oundana (Fibrin clot). Mapuloteni angapo apadera m'magazi athu amathandizira kupanga magazi oundana. Timatcha izi "zinthu zoundana" kapena Zinthu Zoundana .
Hemophilia ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa magazi kuundana, makamaka Factor VIII kapena Factor IX, sichipezeka kapena kuchepa mu kuchuluka kwake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magazi saundana mwachibadwa.
Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti muli ndi hemophilia, adzakuyesani magazi kangapo kuti aone momwe magazi anu amaundana. Mayesowa akuphatikizapo:
- Chitsanzo cha magazi anu chimatengedwa, kusakaniza ndi mankhwala apadera mu labu, kenako nkuyesedwa kuti aone ngati magazi amaundana, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, momwe amapangikira mofulumira.
- Ngati mayesowa ndi osazolowereka, ndiye kuti mudzakhala ndi mayeso apadera a magazi kuti muyeze kuchuluka kwa Factor VIII ndi Factor IX m'magazi anu.
Mayeso awa athandiza dokotala wanu kudziwa mtundu weniweni wa hemophilia yomwe muli nayo (A kapena B) komanso momwe ilili yoopsa.
Kodi mankhwala a hemophilia ndi otani?
Pali njira zingapo zochizira matenda a hemophilia. Mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mukufuna chidzadalira mtundu wa hemophilia yomwe muli nayo komanso kuopsa kwake.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi hemophilia yochepa, mungafunike chithandizo pokhapokha mutavulala kapena mukukonzekera opaleshoni. Komabe, ngati muli ndi hemophilia yayikulu ndipo mumatuluka magazi pafupipafupi, mungafunike chithandizo nthawi zonse kuti mupewe kutuluka magazi ndikuteteza mafupa anu ku chilema ndi kulemala.
Njira zazikulu zochizira ndi izi:
| Njira yochizira | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kupereka zinthu zolimbitsa magazi (Factor Replacement Therapy) | Kupereka chinthu chosowa kapena chotsika chothandiza magazi kuundana (Factor VIII kapena IX) kudzera mumtsempha (mu intravenous) ndiye chithandizo chachikulu. |
| Mitundu ina ya mankhwala | Kupereka mankhwala ena kuti achepetse kutuluka kwa magazi, kaya ndi zinthu zoyambitsa magazi kuundana kapena ayi. |
| Kuchiza mafupa otuluka magazi ndi mavuto ena | Kulamulira kuwonongeka kwa mafupa chifukwa cha kutuluka magazi pafupipafupi, physiotherapy, komanso kusintha moyo. |
Tiyeni tiwone bwino mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Anthu omwe ali ndi hemophilia A amapatsidwa factor VIII, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi hemophilia B amapatsidwa factor IX. Zinthuzi zimapangidwa m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:
1. Madzi a m'magazi operekedwa
2. DNA yopangidwa ndi kupanga/yophatikizana
Mitundu yatsopano ya zinthu tsopano yapangidwa kuti ikhalebe m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti jakisoni wochepa amafunika kuposa kale.
| Dzina la mankhwala | Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito |
|---|---|
| Emicizumab-kxwh (HEMLIBRA) | Mankhwala operekedwa kuti apewe kapena kuchepetsa kutuluka magazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi hemophilia A. Amagwira ntchito posintha factor VIII m'njira ina. Amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni wopangidwa pansi pa khungu kamodzi pa sabata. |
| Desmopressin (DDAVP) | Mankhwala operekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la hemophilia A. Amawonjezera kwakanthawi kuchuluka kwa factor VIII m'magazi. Angaperekedwe kudzera m'mitsempha, jakisoni, kapena ngati mankhwala opopera m'mphuno. |
| Mankhwala oletsa fibrinolytic (monga Tranexamic acid) | Awa ndi mankhwala omwe angatengedwe ngati mapiritsi. Amagwira ntchito poletsa magazi kuundana kuti asasungunuke mwachangu. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi chithandizo cha zinthu zina. |
| Obizur | Uwu ndi mtundu wa chinthu VIII chomwe chimapezeka kuchokera ku nkhumba. Sichigwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a hemophilia obadwa nawo, koma pochiza matenda osowa, omwe amayamba pambuyo pake otchedwa Acquired Haemophilia A. Matendawa angayambitsidwe ndi mimba, khansa, kapena mankhwala ena. |
Nkhani zina ndi kasamalidwe
Tiyeneranso kusamala ndi mavuto ena angapo omwe amabwera ndi hemophilia.
Mafupa otuluka magazi
Imeneyi ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri la hemophilia. Kutuluka magazi m'malo olumikizirana mafupa monga bondo, chigongono, kapena akakolo, ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo cha factor nthawi yomweyo. Ngati izi sizichitika, malo olumikizirana mafupa amatha kuwonongeka kwamuyaya, zomwe zimapangitsa kupweteka, kutupa, komanso kuvutika kuyenda pakapita nthawi. Kutuluka magazi kukachitika, pumulani ndi kuyika malo olumikizirana mafupa motsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu. Ululu ndi kutupa zikatha, physiotherapy ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti mubwezeretse kuyenda ndi mphamvu m'malo olumikizirana mafupa.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi
Kukhala ndi hemophilia sikutanthauza kuti muyenera kukhala panyumba nthawi zonse. Komabe, ndi bwino kupewa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe angayambitse kuvulala. Mwachitsanzo, masewera monga rugby ndi nkhonya si oyenera. Komabe, masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kusambira, kuyenda, ndi kukwera njinga (mwanjira yotetezeka) ndi abwino kwambiri pathupi. Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe akuyenererani komanso omwe simuyenera kuchita.
Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angakhalepo panthawi ya chithandizo?
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala omwe alipo pano ndi otetezeka kwambiri, pali mavuto awiri omwe muyenera kudziwa.
1. Matenda Obwera Chifukwa cha Magazi: Kale, m'zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi 1980, panali chiopsezo chachikulu chofalitsa mavairasi monga HIV ndi chiwindi kudzera mu mankhwala opangidwa ndi magazi. Koma tsopano palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa ndi zimenezo.Masiku ano, opereka magazi amayesedwa mosamala kwambiri. Magazi onse amayesedwa ngati ali ndi mavairasi kenako amachiritsidwa ndi njira zapadera kuti asamagwire ntchito asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Choncho chiopsezo chake tsopano n'chochepa kwambiri. Komabe, monga munthu wodwala matenda a magazi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulandira katemera wa chiwindi cha A ndi B.
2. Kusintha kwa chitetezo chamthupi (Zoletsa): Nthawi zina, chitetezo chamthupi lathu chimalakwitsa mapuloteni omwe timapereka kuchokera kunja ngati 'mdani' ndikuyamba kuwaukira. Timatcha izi kuti kupanga zoletsa . Kenako chithandizo cha zinthu zomwe timapereka sichigwira ntchito bwino. Izi zimakhala zovuta pang'ono. Ndicho chifukwa chake dokotala wanu nthawi zonse amayesa magazi anu (kapena a mwana wanu) kuti awone ngati mtundu uwu wa matendawa uchitika.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a magazi otsekeka chifukwa cha magazi obadwa nawo. Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ndi haemophilia A (kusowa kwa Factor VIII) ndi haemophilia B (kusowa kwa Factor IX).
- Matendawa amapezeka kudzera mu mayeso enaake a magazi.
- Chithandizo chachikulu ndi kupatsa thupi mphamvu yothira magazi yomwe ikusowa kapena yotsika kudzera m'mitsempha.
- Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira mtima kwambiri. Zoopsa zakale zatha kwambiri.
- Ngati magazi atuluka mkati mwa chiwalo cholumikizira mafupa, ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala mwachangu. Izi zingathandize kupewa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa chiwalo cholumikizira mafupa.
- Nthawi zonse kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu za moyo wanu ndi njira zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.
💬 Comments (0)
Palibe ndemanga zomwe zatumizidwa pano. Onjezani ndemanga yanu pano koyamba.
Onjezani ndemanga yanu