Kodi pali vuto ndi cornea yanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za cornea dystrophy!

Kodi maso anu amaoneka ngati akuda? Kodi nthawi zina mumavutika kuyang'ana kuwala? Kapena nthawi zonse mumamva ngati pali vuto ndi maso anu? Izi nthawi zina zimakhala zizindikiro za matenda okhudzana ndi cornea ya diso. Lero tikambirana za vuto limodzi lotere, "Corneal Dystrophy". Musadandaule, tikambirana izi mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi Corneal Dystrophy ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, corneal dystrophy ndi mawu ofala a gulu la matenda omwe amakhudza cornea , gawo lowonekera bwino la diso lanu. Pali mitundu yoposa 20 ya matenda pansi pa gululi. Mitundu iyi ya dystrophy ingayambitse kusintha kapena kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya cornea. Zili ngati kukhala ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono kapena mizere pagalasi loyera lomwe simungathe kuwona bwino mukayang'ana kudzera mmenemo. Ngati kuwonongeka kumeneku kukukula kwambiri, mutha kusintha masomphenya anu komanso ngakhale kutaya masomphenya.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti matenda a corneal dystrophies amenewa ndi majini . Izi zikutanthauza kuti amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa DNA yathu. Kusintha kwina komwe mungalandire kuchokera kwa makolo anu. Kungachitike mwadzidzidzi, mwangozi. Mitundu ina ya matendawa imachitika pazifukwa zomwe akatswiri sakuzimvetsa bwino.

Kodi pali mitundu ya corneal dystrophy?

Inde, zimagawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi momwe zimakhudzira zigawo zosiyanasiyana za cornea. Makamaka motere:

• Zomwe zimakhudza zigawo zakunja za cornea (epithelial ndi subepithelial).
• Zomwe zimakhudza zigawo zakunja ndi zapakati za cornea (Epithelial-stromal).
• Zomwe zimakhudza gawo lapakati la cornea (Stromal).
• Zomwe zimakhudza gawo lamkati la cornea (endothelial).

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mtundu uliwonse mwatsatanetsatane.

Kuwonongeka kwa corneal kwa epithelial ndi subepithelial

Izi ndi matenda omwe amakhudza zigawo zapamwamba za cornea. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy
• Epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophies (palinso mitundu itatu ya epithelial)
• Kutaya kwa madzi m'thupi (gelatinous drop-like dystrophy)
• Lisch epithelial dystrophy
• Meesmann dystrophy
• Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (subepithelial mucinous dystrophy)

Ambiri mwa matenda amenewa amapezeka ali ana . Komabe, matenda a epithelial basement membrane dystrophy nthawi zambiri (ngakhale kuti nthawi zina si nthawi zonse) amapezeka ali akuluakulu. Ena ndi matenda a gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy.Izi zitha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse munthu asanakwanitse zaka 20.

Kuwonongeka kwa epithelial-stromal

Izi zimakhudza gawo lakunja la cornea ndi gawo lapakati lomwe lili pansi pake.

• Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa cornea (mitundu 1 ndi 2)
• Kuwonongeka kwa corneal kwa Lattice (izi zilinso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana)
• Matenda a Reis-Bückler
• Kuwonongeka kwa Thiel-Behnke

Matenda onsewa amapezeka kwambiri ali ana . Matenda a Lattice corneal dystrophy amtundu woyamba amatha kuchitika ali ndi zaka 20.

Matenda a Stromal dystrophy

Izi zimakhudza kwambiri gawo lapakati, lokhuthala la cornea.

• Kulephera kwa macular
• Schneider crystalline dystrophy
• Congenital cholowa stromal dystrophy
• Fleck dystrophy
• Kusokonekera kwa posterior amorphous dystrophy
• Kulephera kwa Pre-Descemet
• Matenda a François okhala ndi mitambo yapakati

Matenda a stromal dystrophy nthawi zambiri amakhudza ana . Komabe, awiri mwa awa amatha kukula mukamakula. Matenda a Schneider corneal dystrophy amatha kukula ali ndi zaka 30, ndipo matenda a pre-Descemet corneal dystrophy nthawi zambiri amayamba ali ndi zaka 30.

Kuwonongeka kwa corneal ya endothelial

Izi ndi matenda omwe amakhudza gawo lofewa kwambiri mkati mwa cornea.

• Fuchs endothelial dystrophy
• Kuwonongeka kwa posterior polymorphous dystrophy
• Congenital cholowa endothelial dystrophy
• Kusokonekera kwa endothelial komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi X

Pa matenda onse a corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy ndiyo yofala kwambiri , ndipo imawerengera 39% ya opaleshoni yonse ya cornea yomwe imachitika ku United States.

Kodi zizindikiro za corneal dystrophy ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za corneal dystrophy zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu womwe muli nawo. Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse . Zizindikiro zikayamba kuonekera, nthawi zambiri zimakhudza maso onse awiri ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimakula pakapita nthawi.

Tangoganizani kuti cornea yanu ili ngati galasi looneka bwino, loyera, komanso lopanda chilema. Koma cornea dystrophy ingasinthe zimenezo. Muzochitika zambiri izi, minofu yatsopano imamera pa cornea, kapena imasonkhana m'malo omwe siyenera kutero. Kenako, m'malo moyang'ana kudzera mu galasi loyera, zimakhala ngati kuyang'ana kudzera mu galasi lakale, lopanda chilema, lophwanyika. N'zovuta kuona kudzera mu zimenezo, sichoncho?

Mofananamo, kupangika kwa minofu yatsopano kapena kudzikundikira kwa minofu kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwona kudzera m'zigawo zomwe zakhudzidwa za cornea. Ichi ndichifukwa chake maso osawoneka bwino kapena ofooka ndi ofala pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la cornea dystrophy.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Kutaya mphamvu ya maso: Izi zimachitika pamene pamwamba pa cornea pasintha kapena sikuchira bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maso anu sawoneka bwino ngakhale mutavala magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana.
• Utsi wa cornea: Izi zingapangitse maso anu kuoneka ngati amdima. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsatira zotsalira za kuwonongeka kapena kusintha kwa cornea.
• Kumva thupi lachilendo: Kumamveka ngati chinachake chatsekedwa m'diso , koma mukayang'ana, simupeza chilichonse.
• Kupweteka kwa maso kapena kuyabwa kwa maso: Zizindikirozi zitha kuonekera kwambiri mukadzuka mutatsekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, mwachitsanzo mukadzuka m'mawa.
• Kuzindikira kuwala (Photophobia): Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwala kowala kumakhala kosapiririka ndipo kungayambitse kusasangalala kapena kupweteka.
• Maso Okhala ndi Madzi (Epiphora): Ngati maso anu akumva ouma, izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti makina anu osoka akuyesera kutulutsa misozi yambiri kuti athetse vutoli.
• Nystagmus: Kuyenda kwa maso mwachangu mosalamulirika kuchokera mbali imodzi kupita mbali ina kapena mozungulira.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa corneal dystrophy?

Mtundu uliwonse wa corneal dystrophy umalumikizidwa ndi majini . Izi zitha kukhala kusintha kwa "de novo" (kutanthauza kuti kumachitika mwangozi m'thupi lanu) kapena zitha kukhala zochokera kwa kholo limodzi kapena onse awiri.

Mitundu ina yobadwa nayo imafuna kopi imodzi yokha ya jini kuchokera kwa kholo limodzi. Mitundu ina imafuna makope awiri a jini yosinthika, imodzi kuchokera kwa kholo lililonse. Komanso, pali mitundu ina ya corneal dystrophy, ndipo kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti adziwe bwino lomwe kusiyana kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vutoli?

Matenda ambiri a corneal dystrophy sakhudza anthu mosiyana malinga ndi mtundu kapena kugonana. Chosiyana ndi Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa izi:

• Mtundu: Anthu oyera ndi omwe ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokulitsa mtunduwo.
• Zaka: Anthu azaka zopitilira 30 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa.
• Jenda: Akazi ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha corneal dystrophy ndi ati?

Matendawa, omwe amagwera pansi pa ambulera ya corneal dystrophy, amakhudza momwe kuwala kumadutsa mu cornea yanu. Zotsatira zake, kuwonekera bwino kwa cornea yanu kumachepa, zomwe zimasokoneza kuwala komwe kumadutsamo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti cornea dystrophy ingayambitse kutayika kwakukulu kwa masomphenya , koma sizimayambitsa khungu lathunthu .

Komabe, kutayika kwa masomphenya kwakukulu kungakhale vuto lalikulu. Kungakhudze luso lanu loyendetsa galimoto, kuwerenga, ndi kuchita ntchito zambiri za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kodi corneal dystrophy imapezeka bwanji?

Katswiri wa maso, kaya dokotala wa maso kapena dokotala wa maso, amatha kuzindikira vuto la corneal dystrophy. Amagwiritsa ntchito zida ndi njira zosiyanasiyana kuti achite izi. Gawo lofunika kwambiri ndi kuyezetsa maso , makamaka kuyezetsa nyali yosweka . Kuyezetsa nyali yosweka kumaphatikizapo kuyang'ana mkati mwa diso lanu ndi maikulosikopu yapadera. Izi zimathandiza madokotala kuona kusintha kulikonse kapena kuwonongeka komwe kungagwirizane ndi vuto la corneal dystrophy.

Mayeso ena omwe dokotala wa maso angagwiritse ntchito ndi awa:

• Kujambula malo a cornea: Izi zimapanga "mapu" a pamwamba pa cornea yanu. Zimawonetsa ngati pali madera ena a pamwamba pa cornea omwe ali okwera kapena otsika kuposa madera ozungulira.
• Pachymetry: Izi zimayesa makulidwe a cornea yanu. Izi zingathandize kuzindikira mavuto omwe ali mkati mwa zigawo zakuya za cornea (monga endothelial dystrophy).
• Kuyezetsa majini: Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha malovu kapena magazi anu ndikuyang'ana kusintha kwa DNA . Izi zingathandize kutsimikizira mtundu weniweni wa corneal dystrophy yomwe muli nayo.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana retina yanu, mayesowa angathandizenso kuwunikira cornea yanu. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka pokonzekera chithandizo china cha cornea.
• Kufufuza kwa corneal biopsy: Katswiri wa maso angatenge chitsanzo cha minofu kuchokera ku cornea yanu ndikutumiza ku labu kuti akayesedwe. Katswiri wa matenda adzafufuza chitsanzocho kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi corneal dystrophy ndipo, ngati ndi choncho, mtundu wanji. Kuyesa kumeneku sikofala kwambiri pa cornea dystrophy, koma kungathandize kuzindikira matendawa.

Mayeso ena angachitike kutengera zizindikiro zanu ndi zina. Katswiri wanu wa maso angakuuzeni zambiri za mayeso ena omwe angakulimbikitseni.

Kodi corneal dystrophy imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Pali njira zambiri zochizira corneal dystrophy. Chithandizo chimadalira gawo la cornea yomwe yakhudzidwa ndi kuopsa kwa vutoli.

Popeza njira zochiritsira zimatha kusiyana, dokotala wanu wa maso ndiye gwero labwino kwambiri la chidziwitso chokhudza njira zomwe mungachiritsire. Akhoza kukufotokozerani tsatanetsatane wa njira zochiritsira, mavuto omwe angakhalepo, zotsatirapo zake, ndi zina zambiri.

Nazi zina mwa njira zazikulu zochizira:

Mankhwala ochizira pakhungu

Izi zimayang'ana kwambiri pakuchiza zizindikiro ndi zotsatira zake pamwamba pa cornea yanu. Zitsanzo:

• Madontho a m'maso kapena mafuta odzola: Izi zimatha kuchiza zizindikiro monga kupweteka, kumva chinachake m'diso, komanso kuuma.
• Mankhwala opha tizilombo: Mankhwalawa angathandize kupewa matenda ngati cornea yanu yawonongeka ndipo imayamba kugwidwa ndi majeremusi.
• Magalasi apadera olumikizirana: Monga momwe magalasi wamba amavalira pamwamba pa cornea. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti amathandiza cornea yanu kuchira ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwina.

Kuchotsa khungu pogwiritsa ntchito phototherapy keratectomy (PTK)

Kuchotsa khungu la cornea pogwiritsa ntchito laser yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri (phototherapeutic keratectomy) . Katswiri wa maso anu amatha kuyang'ana ndikuchotsa malo owonongeka molondola.

Kusamutsa cornea

Ngati kusintha kapena kuwonongeka kwa cornea yanu kuli kwakukulu mokwanira kuti kusokoneze masomphenya anu, kuyika cornea kungakhale njira ina. Maopaleshoni amenewa akuphatikizapo kusintha minofu ya cornea yanu ndi minofu yatsopano yochokera kwa wopereka wakufayo. Izi zitha kukhala kuyika yonse kapena pang'ono.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani ngati muli ndi vuto la corneal dystrophy?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la corneal dystrophy, zomwe mungayembekezere zingakhale zosiyana pang'ono. Anthu ambiri amapezeka ndi vuto limodzi mwa matenda amenewa, nthawi zambiri asanakwanitse zaka 20.

Matenda a corneal dystrophy nthawi zambiri amakhala opitirira muyeso . Izi zikutanthauza kuti zotsatira zake zimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi - nthawi zambiri pakapita zaka, nthawi zina ngakhale zaka makumi ambiri. Anthu ena sakhala ndi zizindikiro poyamba, kotero sangadziwe kuti ali ndi chimodzi mwa izi kwa zaka zambiri. Anthu ena sakhala ndi zizindikiro kapena mavuto aliwonse.

Popeza pali zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana zomwe mungakumane nazo, ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wa maso anu zomwe mungayembekezere. Angakuuzeni zomwe zingakhale zogwirizana kwambiri ndi inu.

Kodi corneal dystrophy imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Matenda a corneal dystrophies ndi matenda a moyo wonse . Mumabadwa nawo. Kuika corneal mu cornea kumatha "kuchiritsa" matenda awa, koma si chitsimikizo. Anthu ambiri omwe amaika cornea mu cornea pamapeto pake amakhala ndi matendawa mu cornea yomwe yaikidwa mu cornea. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, chithandizo china - ngakhale kuika cornea kachiwiri - chingafunike.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha vutoli n'chiyani?

Kulephera kwa corneal dystrophy nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kutayika kwa masomphenya , koma nthawi zambiri kutayika kwa masomphenyako kumapitirira kukhala khungu lopanda kanthu (mkhalidwe womwe simungathe kuwona kuwala).

Ngati mwapatsidwa cornea, mudzakumana ndi zoopsa zomwezo monga momwe ena omwe amapatsidwa cornea amakumana nazo. Muyenera kumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi kwa moyo wanu wonse kuti chitetezo chamthupi chanu chisawononge minofu yomwe mwapatsidwa. Komanso, ngakhale mutalandira mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi, kukana kungachitike.

Popeza pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingakhudze momwe mumaonera zinthu, munthu wabwino kwambiri amene mungamufunse za momwe matenda anu alili ndi dokotala wa maso. Angakuuzeni zambiri zokhudza vuto lanu.

Kodi corneal dystrophy ingapewedwe?

Matenda a corneal dystrophies ndi matenda a majini , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe njira yowapewera kapena kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matendawa.

Ngati ndili ndi vuto la corneal dystrophy, ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la corneal dystrophy, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala wa maso nthawi zonse, monga momwe akulangizidwira. Akhoza kuyang'anira vuto lanu, kuyang'ana kusintha kwa minofu ya maso anu, ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe mukukumana nazo. Angathenso kusintha ndikusintha dongosolo lanu la chithandizo kuti likhale lothandiza kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ngati dokotala wa maso anu akulemberani mankhwala a maso anu, muyenera kuwagwiritsa ntchito monga momwe mwalangizidwira . Mankhwala angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matendawa kapena kuchepetsa kusintha kwa minofu kapena kuwonongeka.

Makamaka ngati mwakhalapo ndi mtundu uliwonse wa opaleshoni yoika cornea, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizidwira. Kuchita izi kudzathandiza kuti thupi lanu lisakane minofu yoikidwayo. Izi zingathandize kupewa mavuto aakulu komanso kutayika kwa masomphenya kosatha.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wa maso?

Mudzakhala ndi maulendo obwerezabwereza nthawi zonse pa nthawi yoikika.Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wa maso kuti akuthandizeni. Komanso, ngati muwona zizindikiro zilizonse kapena kusintha kwa maso anu, kapena ngati chithandizo chikuyambitsa zotsatirapo zake kapena chikuwoneka kuti sichikugwira ntchito bwino, muyenera kulankhula nawo za izi. Adzayesetsa kukuthandizani kupeza njira zothetsera mavuto omwe mukukumana nawo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga wa maso?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala wanu wa maso mafunso awa:

• Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa corneal dystrophy womwe ndili nawo?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chanji?
• Kodi pali zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zimafuna thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga?
• Kodi chiyembekezo changa cha nthawi yayitali ndi chotani?
• Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe ndingachite kuti ndiwongolere malingaliro anga?

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Matenda a maso otchedwa corneal dystrophies ndi matenda a maso omwe nthawi zambiri amaonekera mukakhala aang'ono . Ngati mukumva kuti mukuvutika kumvetsa matenda amenewa, simuli nokha. Pali mitundu yoposa makumi awiri yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a corneal dystrophies. Zotsatira za matendawa zimathanso kusiyana kwambiri.

Koma simuyenera kuyesa kumvetsetsa kapena kuthana ndi vuto la corneal dystrophy nokha. Dokotala wanu wa maso angakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa vuto lanu, zotsatira zake, ndi momwe mungachiritsire. Ndipo, ndi njira zambiri zochiritsira, muli ndi mwayi wabwino wothana ndi vuto lanu ndikuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwake pa moyo wanu. Musachite mantha, khalani olimba mtima, ndipo tsatirani upangiri wa dokotala wanu.

Kuwonongeka kwa diso , matenda a maso obadwa nawo, kusawona bwino, chithandizo cha maso, kusamutsa diso, thanzi la maso