Muyenera kuti mwamvapo za Ebola pa TV komanso m'nkhani, sichoncho? Tikamva dzina limenelo, timamva chithunzi cha matenda oopsa komanso oopsa. Ngakhale kuti ndi ofala m'maiko aku Africa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tonsefe, kulikonse padziko lapansi, tikhale ndi chidziwitso choyambira cha matenda oopsa otere. Chifukwa chake, lero, tiyeni tikambirane momveka bwino za matenda a Ebola Virus (EVD).
Kodi Ebola ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, Ebola ndi matenda osowa koma oopsa omwe amayambitsa zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi kwambiri, kupweteka kwa thupi, kutsegula m'mimba, komanso nthawi zina kutuluka magazi ambiri mkati ndi kunja kwa thupi. Amayambitsidwa ndi gulu la mavairasi otchedwa Ebola.
Kachilombo kameneka kakalowa m'thupi, kamawononga chitetezo chathu chamthupi ndi ziwalo zamkati . Pamapeto pake, kuchuluka kwa maselo omwe amathandiza magazi kuundana (ma platelet) kumakhala koopsa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timayamba kutuluka magazi mosalamulirika.
Matendawa adayamba kupezeka ku Africa mu 1976. Milandu yoyamba idanenedwa m'mudzi womwe uli pafupi ndi Mtsinje wa Ebola ku Democratic Republic of the Congo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake idatchedwa "Ebola". Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti kachilomboka kamakhala m'matupi a nyama monga mileme ya zipatso. Nyama izi zimatha kunyamula kachilomboka popanda kudwala. Komabe, nyama izi zimatha kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa nyama zina ndi anthu.
Kodi munthu amatenga bwanji Ebola?
Choyamba ndichakuti Ebola si matenda obwera chifukwa cha mpweya monga chimfine kapena chimfine. Simungathe kuwatenga kuchokera mumpweya womwe mumapuma.
Matendawa amafalikira munthu akakhudza magazi, chimbudzi, kapena ziwalo za nyama (monga nyani, chimpanzi, kapena mleme wa zipatso) zomwe zatenga kachilomboka. Izi nthawi zina zimachitika pokonza kapena kudya nyama ya nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka.
Munthu akangodwala matendawa, amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthuyo kupita kwa munthu wina. Izi zimachitika kudzera mu kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi madzi amthupi la wodwalayo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu amene amasamalira wodwalayo, kapena amene amaika munthu amene wamwalira ndi matendawa m'manda, akhoza kutenga matendawa ngati atakhudzana ndi magazi ake kapena madzi ena amthupi. Kachiromboka kamalowa m'thupi mwathu kudzera m'mabala kapena mabala pakhungu, kapena kudzera m'maso, mphuno, kapena pakamwa.
| Madzi ndi zinthu zotulutsa madzi m'thupi zomwe zingakhale ndi kachilombo ka Ebola | |
|---|---|
| • Magazi | • Kusanza |
| • Thukuta | • Mkaka wa m'mawere |
| • Misozi | • Umuna |
| • Mkodzo | • Madzi ochokera ku nyini |
| • Chimbudzi/Chopondapo | • Madzi a m'mimba |
Chofunika: Kachiromboka kangakhalebe m'thupi la munthu amene wachira matenda a Ebola, makamaka mu umuna ndi mkaka wa m'mawere, kwa milungu kapena miyezi. Chifukwa chake, pali chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka kudzera mu kugonana ndi kuyamwitsa kwa kanthawi atachira.
Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za Ebola zimafanana kwambiri ndi za matenda ofala monga chimfine ndi chimfine. Zizindikiro zimatha kuonekera pakati pa masiku awiri ndi makumi awiri ndi limodzi kachilomboka katalowa m'thupi.
| Gawo la zizindikiro | Zinthu zooneka |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro zoyambirira | • Malungo aakulu • Mutu • Kupweteka kwa minofu ndi mafupa • Chikhure • Kutopa kwambiri komanso kutopa • Kupweteka m'mimba ndi kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya |
| Matendawa akakula kwambiri | • Kutuluka magazi m'thupi • Kutuluka magazi m'maso, m'makutu, ndi m'mphuno • Kusanza magazi kapena kutsegula m'mimba komwe kumatuluka magazi • Matuza pakhungu |
Kodi matenda ndi chithandizo chake ndi chiyani?
N'zovuta kudziwa ngati ndi Ebola pongoyang'ana zizindikiro zake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amachita mayeso kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe matenda ena monga malungo kapena kolera. Kuyesa magazi ndi minofu ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira Ebola.
Ngati wina watsimikizika kuti ali ndi Ebola, nthawi yomweyo amapatulidwa kwa ena ndipo chithandizo chimayamba kuti matendawa asafalikire.
Njira zochizira
Palibe "mankhwala" enieni a Ebola. Komabe, pali njira zingapo zochiritsira ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka omwe angathe kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikuwonjezera mwayi wopulumutsa moyo wa wodwalayo.
- Chithandizo Chothandizira: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
- Kupatsa thupi madzi ndi mchere wofunikira (saline)
- Kupereka mpweya
- Kulamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Kuika magazi ngati pakufunika
- Mankhwala ochizira kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba
- Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi malungo
- Mankhwala Ovomerezeka: Mankhwala awiri, Inmazeb ndi Ebanga, avomerezedwa kuti athandize kuchiza kachilombo ka Ebola ka mtundu wa Zaire. Awa ndi ma antibodies a monoclonal. Amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha.
Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku Ebola?
Ife ku Sri Lanka sitiyenera kuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi izi chifukwa matenda a Ebola alembedwa makamaka m'maiko aku Africa. Koma pamene anthu akuyenda padziko lonse lapansi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa momwe tingadzitetezere ku matenda otere.
- Pewani kukhudzana ndi madzi amthupi: Musakhudze mwachindunji magazi, masanzi, mkodzo, kapena thukuta la wodwala.
- Pewani zida zomwe zili ndi kachilombo: Musakhudze zinthu monga zofunda, zovala, ndi singano zomwe wodwalayo amagwiritsa ntchito.
- Sambani m'manja nthawi zonse: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusamba m'manja bwino ndi sopo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja okhala ndi mowa.
- Pewani kukhudzana ndi nyama: Pewani kukhudza nyama monga mileme ndi anyani m'madera omwe muli Ebola.
- Chitetezo chapadera kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala: Ngati ndinu wogwira ntchito zachipatala, muyenera kuvala zophimba nkhope, magolovesi, magalasi a maso, ndi zovala zapadera zodzitetezera (magawuni) mukamachiritsa wodwala wa Ebola.
- Malangizo Oteteza Pambuyo pa Ulendo: Ngati mwapita kudziko lomwe lili ndi mliri wa Ebola, yang'anirani zizindikiro zanu kwa masiku 21. Ngati muyamba zizindikiro monga malungo kapena mutu, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi pali katemera wa Ebola?
Inde, pali katemera awiri ovomerezeka oteteza ku Ebola.
1. Ervebo:Katemera uyu ndi wa mlingo umodzi. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kufalikira kwa matendawa panthawi ya mliri wa Ebola.
2. Zabdeno ndi Mvabea: Katemera uyu ndi wa mitundu iwiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo (monga ogwira ntchito zachipatala) mliri usanachitike.
Katemerayu saperekedwa kwa anthu onse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu m'madera omwe Ebola ndi yofala kwambiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ebola ndi matenda ofala kwambiri koma oopsa kwambiri. Amafala kwambiri m'maiko aku Africa.
- Matendawa safalikira kudzera mu mpweya , koma kudzera mu kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi madzi amthupi (magazi, masanzi, thukuta) la munthu kapena nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka.
- Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zoyambirira zingafanane ndi chimfine wamba, pamene matendawa akupitirira, thupi likhoza kuyamba kutuluka magazi.
- Chitetezo ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita. Kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi komanso kupewa kukhudzana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka komanso madzi amthupi lawo ndikofunikira kwambiri.
- Ngati mwapita kudera lomwe Ebola ikufalikira ndipo mukuyamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
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